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. 1972 Dec;69(12):3732–3736. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.12.3732

Hapten-Conjugated Antibodies and Visual Markers Used to Label Cell-Surface Antigens for Electron Microscopy: An Approach to Double Labeling

Michael E Lamm *, Gloria C Koo †, Christopher W Stackpole †, Ulrich Hämmerling †
PMCID: PMC389859  PMID: 4509336

Abstract

Haptens can be coupled to mouse immunoglobulin with retention of antibody specificity. Such hapten-coupled alloantibody, when bound to cells, can be bridged to an electron microscopic marker in two ways: (i) by a hybrid antibody, i.e., anti-hapten:anti-marker, and (ii) by untreated bivalent anti-hapten antibody if the marker is also haptenized. Through the use of immunologically non-crossreactive haptens and markers it should be possible to localize multiple, different antigens on the surface of an individual cell. Double labeling has been achieved with the first method.

Keywords: cell membranes, histocompatibility antigens, hybrid antibodies

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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