Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1971 Jan;68(1):72–75. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.1.72

Unexpectedly Large Size of Globin Messenger Ribonucleic Acid

Pauline Gaskill 1, David Kabat 1
PMCID: PMC391105  PMID: 5276303

Abstract

The globin messenger RNA of rabbit reticulocytes is identified on the basis of its presence in polysomes, absence from single ribosomes, and sedimentation coefficient of 9 S. Analysis of this RNA by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels provides evidence that its size is unexpectedly large (approximately 650 nucleotides) for a messenger coding for the 141 and 146 amino acids of a globin polypeptide.

Reticulocyte RNA molecules were labeled in vivo with [32P]orthophosphate. Globin messenger RNA and transfer RNA appear to be synthesized late in erythropoiesis, whereas ribosomal RNA and 5S RNA are synthesized at the beginning stages of cytodifferentiation. At least one fragment of ribosomal RNA accumulates in erythrocytes in the terminal stages of maturation.

Full text

PDF
72

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BORSOOK H., LINGREL J. B., SCARO J. L., MILLETTE R. L. Synthesis of haemoglobin in relation to the maturation of erythroid cells. Nature. 1962 Oct 27;196:347–350. doi: 10.1038/196347a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bellamy A. R., Joklik W. K. Studies on reovirus RNA. II. Characterization of reovirus messenger RNA and of the genome RNA segments from which it is transcribed. J Mol Biol. 1967 Oct 14;29(1):19–26. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(67)90178-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bishop D. H., Claybrook J. R., Spiegelman S. Electrophoretic separation of viral nucleic acids on polyacrylamide gels. J Mol Biol. 1967 Jun 28;26(3):373–387. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(67)90310-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Borun T. W., Scharff M. D., Robbins E. Rapidly labeled, polyribosome-associated RNA having the properties of histone messenger. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Nov;58(5):1977–1983. doi: 10.1073/pnas.58.5.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Evans M. J., Lingrel J. B. Hemoglobin messenger ribonucleic acid. Distribution of the 9S ribonucleic acid in polysomes of different sizes. Biochemistry. 1969 Mar;8(3):829–831. doi: 10.1021/bi00831a010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Evans M. J., Lingrel J. B. Hemoglobin messenger ribonucleic acid. Synthesis of 9S and ribosomal ribonucleic acid during erythroid cell development. Biochemistry. 1969 Jul;8(7):3000–3005. doi: 10.1021/bi00835a048. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. GIRARD M., PENMAN S., DARNELL J. E. THE EFFECT OF ACTINOMYCIN ON RIBOSOME FORMATION IN HELA CELLS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1964 Feb;51:205–211. doi: 10.1073/pnas.51.2.205. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. GLOWACKI E. R., MILLETTE R. L. POLYRIBOSOMES AND THE LOSS OF HEMOGLOBIN SYNTHESIS IN THE MATURING RETICULOCYTE. J Mol Biol. 1965 Jan;11:116–127. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(65)80177-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Heywood S. M., Nwagwu M. De novo synthesis of myosin in a cell-free system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 May;60(1):229–234. doi: 10.1073/pnas.60.1.229. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. KORN D., PROTASS J. J., LEIVE L. A NOVEL EFFECT OF ACTINOMYCIN D IN PREVENTING BACTERIOPHAGE T4 MATURATION IN ESCHERICHIA COLI. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1965 May 3;19:473–481. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(65)90149-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kabat D. Phosphorylation of ribosomal proteins in rabbit reticulocytes. Characterization and regulatory aspects. Biochemistry. 1970 Oct 13;9(21):4160–4175. doi: 10.1021/bi00823a019. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kuechler E., Rich A. Two rapidly labeled RNA species in the polysomes of antibody-producing lymphoid tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Jun;63(2):520–527. doi: 10.1073/pnas.63.2.520. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Labrie F. Isolation of an RNA with the properties of haemoglobin messenger. Nature. 1969 Mar 29;221(5187):1217–1222. doi: 10.1038/2211217a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Laszlo J., Miller D. S., McCarty K. S., Hochstein P. Actinomycin D: inhibition of respiration and glycolysis. Science. 1966 Feb 25;151(3713):1007–1010. doi: 10.1126/science.151.3713.1007. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Laycock D. G., Hunt J. A. Synthesis of rabbit globin by a bacterial cell free system. Nature. 1969 Mar 22;221(5186):1118–1122. doi: 10.1038/2211118a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Lockard R. E., Lingrel J. B. The synthesis of mouse hemoglobin beta-chains in a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system programmed with mouse reticulocyte 9S RNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1969 Oct 8;37(2):204–212. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(69)90720-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Loening U. E. The fractionation of high-molecular-weight ribonucleic acid by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Biochem J. 1967 Jan;102(1):251–257. doi: 10.1042/bj1020251. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. McConkey E. H., Hopkins J. W. Molecular weights of some HeLa ribosomal RNA's. J Mol Biol. 1969 Feb 14;39(3):545–550. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(69)90144-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Oda K. I., Joklik W. K. Hybridization and sedimentation studies on "early" and "late" vaccinia messenger RNA. J Mol Biol. 1967 Aug 14;27(3):395–419. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(67)90047-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Penman S., Vesco C., Penman M. Localization and kinetics of formation of nuclear heterodisperse RNA, cytoplasmic heterodisperse RNA and polyribosome-associated messenger RNA in HeLa cells. J Mol Biol. 1968 May 28;34(1):49–60. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(68)90234-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. REVEL M., HIATT H. H., REVEL J. P. ACTINOMYCIN D: AN EFFECT ON RAT LIVER HOMOGENATES UNRELATED TO ITS ACTION ON RNA SYNTHESIS. Science. 1964 Dec 4;146(3649):1311–1313. doi: 10.1126/science.146.3649.1311. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. WARNER J. R., RICH A. THE NUMBER OF SOLUBLE RNA MOLECULES ON RETICULOCYTE POLYRIBOSOMES. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1964 Jun;51:1134–1141. doi: 10.1073/pnas.51.6.1134. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Williamson R., Lanyon G., Paul J. Preferential degradation of "messenger RNA" in reticulocytes by ribonuclease treatment and sonication of polysomes. Nature. 1969 Aug 9;223(5206):628–630. doi: 10.1038/223628a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES