Abstract
The presence is reported of an RNA-instructed DNA polymerase in visna virus, the causative agent of a “slow” neurological disease in sheep. The product synthesized by the RNA-directed reaction has been shown to be a DNA heteropolymer by the following criteria: synthesis requires the presence of all four deoxyriboside triphosphates; the product is resistant to ribonuclease and alkali but is degraded by DNase; and the product has a density of 1.420 in Cs2SO4 solution, characteristic of DNA.
Visna virions, like those of the oncogenic RNA viruses, contain DNA polymerase activities that respond to a variety of double-stranded DNAs and to synthetic DNA·RNA hybrids.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Baltimore D. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in virions of RNA tumour viruses. Nature. 1970 Jun 27;226(5252):1209–1211. doi: 10.1038/2261209a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Coward J. E., Harter D. H., Morgan C. Electron microscopic observations of Visna virus-infected cell cultures. Virology. 1970 Apr;40(4):1030–1038. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(70)90149-2. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Duesberg P. H., Canaani E. Complementarity between Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) RNA and the in vitro-synthesized DNA of the virus-associated DNA polymerase. Virology. 1970 Nov;42(3):783–788. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(70)90325-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Garapin A. C., McDonnell J. P., Levinson W., Quintrell N., Fanshier L., Bishop J. M. Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase associated with Rous sarcoma virus and avian myeloblastosis virus: properties of the enzyme and its product. J Virol. 1970 Nov;6(5):589–598. doi: 10.1128/jvi.6.5.589-598.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Green M., Rokutanda M., Fujinaga K., Ray R. K., Rokutanda H., Gurgo C. Mechanism of carcinogenesis by RNA tumor viruses. I. An RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in murine sarcoma viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970 Sep;67(1):385–393. doi: 10.1073/pnas.67.1.385. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harter D. H., Choppin P. W. Cell-fusing activity of visna virus particles. Virology. 1967 Feb;31(2):279–288. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(67)90172-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harter D. H., Hsu K. C., Rose H. M. Immunofluorescence and cytochemical studies of visna virus in cell culture. J Virol. 1967 Dec;1(6):1265–1270. doi: 10.1128/jvi.1.6.1265-1270.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harter D. H., Robenkranz H. S., Rose H. M. Nucleic acid content of visna virus. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1969 Jul;131(3):927–933. doi: 10.3181/00379727-131-34011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hatanaka M., Huebner R. J., Gilden R. V. DNA polymerase activity associated with RNA tumor viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970 Sep;67(1):143–147. doi: 10.1073/pnas.67.1.143. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rokutanda M., Rokutanda H., Green M., Fujinaga K., Ray R. K., Gurgo C. Formation of viral RNA-DNA hybrid molecules by the DNA polymerase of sarcoma-leukaemia viruses. Nature. 1970 Sep 5;227(5262):1026–1028. doi: 10.1038/2271026a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ríman J., Beaudreau G. S. Viral DNA-dependent DNA polymerase and the properties of thymidine labelled material in virions of an oncogenic RNA virus. Nature. 1970 Oct 31;228(5270):427–430. doi: 10.1038/228427a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SIGURDSSON B., PALSSON P. A. Visna of sheep; a slow, demyelinating infection. Br J Exp Pathol. 1958 Oct;39(5):519–528. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SIGURDSSON B., PALSSON P., GRIMSSON H. Visna, a demyelinating transmissible disease of sheep. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1957 Jul;16(3):389–403. doi: 10.1097/00005072-195707000-00010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Scolnick E., Rands E., Aaronson S. A., Todaro G. J. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity in five RNA viruses: divalent cation requirements. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970 Dec;67(4):1789–1796. doi: 10.1073/pnas.67.4.1789. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spiegelman S., Burny A., Das M. R., Keydar J., Schlom J., Travnicek M., Watson K. Characterization of the products of DNA-directed DNA polymerases in oncogenic RNA viruses. Nature. 1970 Aug 8;227(5258):563–567. doi: 10.1038/227563a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spiegelman S., Burny A., Das M. R., Keydar J., Schlom J., Travnicek M., Watson K. DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity in oncogenic RNA viruses. Nature. 1970 Sep 5;227(5262):1029–1031. doi: 10.1038/2271029a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spiegelman S., Burny A., Das M. R., Keydar J., Schlom J., Trávnícek M., Watson K. Synthetic DNA-RNA hybrids and RNA-RNA duplexes as templates for the polymerases of the oncogenic RNA viruses. Nature. 1970 Oct 31;228(5270):430–432. doi: 10.1038/228430a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- THORMAR H. An electron microscope study of tissue cultures infected with visna virus. Virology. 1961 Aug;14:463–475. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(61)90339-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- THORMAR H., CRUICKSHANK J. G. THE STRUCTURE OF VISNA VIRUS STUDIED BY THE NEGATIVE STAINING TECHNIQUE. Virology. 1965 Jan;25:145–148. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(65)90262-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- THORMAR H. EFFECT OF 5-BROMODEOXYURIDINE AND ACTINOMYCIN D ON THE GROWTH OF VISNA VIRUS IN CELL CULTURES. Virology. 1965 May;26:36–43. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(65)90023-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Temin H. M., Mizutani S. RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in virions of Rous sarcoma virus. Nature. 1970 Jun 27;226(5252):1211–1213. doi: 10.1038/2261211a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thormar H. Observations on visna virus-infected cell cultures stained with acridine orange. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1966;68(1):54–58. doi: 10.1111/apm.1966.68.1.54. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]