Abstract
The "natural" T-cell activity in normal unimmunized mice was studied. By double-parameter fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis, it was found that 5-10% of all splenic Lyt-2+ and L3T4+ lymphocytes are large, of which more than half are in mitotic cycle. In contrast with small resting cells of the same phenotype, activated (large) T cells isolated from normal mice are functional effector cells: L3T4+ large cells induce normal B lymphocytes into proliferation and antibody secretion, while large Lyt-2+ cells efficiently suppress B-lymphocyte responses. No effector cell cytolytic activity could be detected among naturally activated T cells. The significance of these findings for the internal activity in the normal immune system is discussed.
Full text
PDF![7691](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4bb0/391399/19410562bf43/pnas00362-0225.png)
![7692](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4bb0/391399/ae47ea68653d/pnas00362-0226.png)
![7693](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4bb0/391399/e13a723ea252/pnas00362-0227.png)
![7694](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4bb0/391399/eb01c875964c/pnas00362-0228.png)
![7695](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4bb0/391399/28f58935439e/pnas00362-0229.png)
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Augustin A. A., Coutinho A. Specific T helper cells that activate B cells polyclonally. In vitro enrichment and cooperative function. J Exp Med. 1980 Mar 1;151(3):587–601. doi: 10.1084/jem.151.3.587. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bevan M. J., Cohn M. Cytotoxic effects of antigen- and mitogen-induced T cells on various targets. J Immunol. 1975 Feb;114(2 Pt 1):559–565. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brahim F., Osmond D. G. Migration of bone marrow lymphocytes demonstrated by selective bone marrow labeling with thymidine-H3. Anat Rec. 1970 Oct;168(2):139–159. doi: 10.1002/ar.1091680202. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ceredig R., MacDonald H. R., Jenkinson E. J. Flow microfluorometric analysis of mouse thymus development in vivo and in vitro. Eur J Immunol. 1983 Mar;13(3):185–190. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830130302. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dialynas D. P., Quan Z. S., Wall K. A., Pierres A., Quintáns J., Loken M. R., Pierres M., Fitch F. W. Characterization of the murine T cell surface molecule, designated L3T4, identified by monoclonal antibody GK1.5: similarity of L3T4 to the human Leu-3/T4 molecule. J Immunol. 1983 Nov;131(5):2445–2451. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gronowicz E., Coutinho A., Melchers F. A plaque assay for all cells secreting Ig of a given type or class. Eur J Immunol. 1976 Aug;6(8):588–590. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830060812. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gullberg M., Pobor G., Bandeira A., Larsson E. L., Coutinho A. Differential requirements for activation and growth of unprimed cytotoxic and helper T lymphocytes. Eur J Immunol. 1983 Sep;13(9):719–725. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830130906. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Holmberg D., Forsgren S., Ivars F., Coutinho A. Reactions among IgM antibodies derived from normal, neonatal mice. Eur J Immunol. 1984 May;14(5):435–441. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830140510. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hooijkaas H., Benner R., Pleasants J. R., Wostmann B. S. Isotypes and specificities of immunoglobulins produced by germ-free mice fed chemically defined ultrafiltered "antigen-free" diet. Eur J Immunol. 1984 Dec;14(12):1127–1130. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830141212. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Imbach P., Barandun S., d'Apuzzo V., Baumgartner C., Hirt A., Morell A., Rossi E., Schöni M., Vest M., Wagner H. P. High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in childhood. Lancet. 1981 Jun 6;1(8232):1228–1231. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(81)92400-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Janeway C. A., Rosen F. S. The gamma globulins. IV. Therapeutic uses of gamma globulin. N Engl J Med. 1966 Oct 13;275(15):826–831. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196610132751508. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jerne N. K. THE NATURAL-SELECTION THEORY OF ANTIBODY FORMATION. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1955 Nov 15;41(11):849–857. doi: 10.1073/pnas.41.11.849. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Julius M. H., Simpson E., Herzenberg L. A. A rapid method for the isolation of functional thymus-derived murine lymphocytes. Eur J Immunol. 1973 Oct;3(10):645–649. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830031011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Larsson E. L., Coutinho A. The role of mitogenic lectins in T-cell triggering. Nature. 1979 Jul 19;280(5719):239–241. doi: 10.1038/280239a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ledbetter J. A., Herzenberg L. A. Xenogeneic monoclonal antibodies to mouse lymphoid differentiation antigens. Immunol Rev. 1979;47:63–90. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1979.tb00289.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lemke H., Hämmerling G. J., Hämmerling U. Fine specificity analysis with monoclonal antibodies of antigens controlled by the major histocompatibility complex and by the Qa/TL region in mice. Immunol Rev. 1979;47:175–206. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1979.tb00293.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Miller R. G., Phillips R. A. Separation of cells by velocity sedimentation. J Cell Physiol. 1969 Jun;73(3):191–201. doi: 10.1002/jcp.1040730305. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pardee A. B., Dubrow R., Hamlin J. L., Kletzien R. F. Animal cell cycle. Annu Rev Biochem. 1978;47:715–750. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.47.070178.003435. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pierres A., Naquet P., Van Agthoven A., Bekkhoucha F., Denizot F., Mishal Z., Schmitt-Verhulst A. M., Pierres M. A rat anti-mouse T4 monoclonal antibody (H129.19) inhibits the proliferation of Ia-reactive T cell clones and delineates two phenotypically distinct (T4+, Lyt-2,3-, and T4-, Lyt-2,3+) subsets among anti-Ia cytolytic T cell clones. J Immunol. 1984 Jun;132(6):2775–2782. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pobor G., Bandeira A., Pettersson S., Coutinho A. A quantitative assay detecting small numbers of effector helper T cells, regardless of clonal specificity. Scand J Immunol. 1984 Sep;20(3):189–197. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.1984.tb00992.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pobor G., Pettersson S., Bandeira A., Martinez C., Coutinho A. Activation of helper T cells for B lymphocytes in primary mixed lymphocyte cultures. Scand J Immunol. 1983 Sep;18(3):207–215. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.1983.tb00859.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Robb R. J., Munck A., Smith K. A. T cell growth factor receptors. Quantitation, specificity, and biological relevance. J Exp Med. 1981 Nov 1;154(5):1455–1474. doi: 10.1084/jem.154.5.1455. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vindelov L. L. Flow microfluorometric analysis of nuclear DNA in cells from solid tumors and cell suspensions. A new method for rapid isolation and straining of nuclei. Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol. 1977 Aug 10;24(3):227–242. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]