Abstract
Human urokinase cDNA clones have been identified from a cDNA library prepared from total RNA of human fibroblasts transformed by simian virus 40 [Okayama, H. & Berg, P. (1983) Mol. Cell. Biol. 3, 280-289]. Synthetic oligonucleotides, corresponding to urokinase protein sequence, were used as probes. The cloned cDNA covers most of the coding sequence and the entire 3' untranslated region. The nucleotide sequence of one of the clones identifies this as a copy of a partially spliced polyadenylylated precursor to urokinase mRNA. The introns separate functionally different domains of the enzyme. Human urokinase mRNA has been identified by RNA blot and its size was estimated at 2500 nucleotides.
Full text
PDF




Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Aviv H., Leder P. Purification of biologically active globin messenger RNA by chromatography on oligothymidylic acid-cellulose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Jun;69(6):1408–1412. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.6.1408. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Boast S., La Mantia G., Lania L., Blasi F. High efficiency of replication and expression of foreign genes in SV40-transformed human fibroblasts. EMBO J. 1983;2(12):2327–2331. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01742.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cohen S. D., Israel E., Spiess-Meier B., Wainberg M. A. Plasminogen activator is an apparent lymphocyte mitogen. J Immunol. 1981 Apr;126(4):1415–1420. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Deeley R. G., Gordon J. I., Burns A. T., Mullinix K. P., Binastein M., Goldberg R. F. Primary activation of the vitellogenin gene in the rooster. J Biol Chem. 1977 Nov 25;252(22):8310–8319. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Duckworth M. L., Gait M. J., Goelet P., Hong G. F., Singh M., Titmas R. C. Rapid synthesis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides VI. Efficient, mechanised synthesis of heptadecadeoxyribonucleotides by an improved solid phase phosphotriester route. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Apr 10;9(7):1691–1706. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.7.1691. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fabricant R. N., De Larco J. E., Todaro G. J. Nerve growth factor receptors on human melanoma cells in culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Feb;74(2):565–569. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.2.565. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Favaloro J., Treisman R., Kamen R. Transcription maps of polyoma virus-specific RNA: analysis by two-dimensional nuclease S1 gel mapping. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):718–749. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65070-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gordon S., Unkeless J. C., Cohn Z. A. Induction of macrophage plasminogen activator by endotoxin stimulation and phagocytosis: evidence for a two-stage process. J Exp Med. 1974 Oct 1;140(4):995–1010. doi: 10.1084/jem.140.4.995. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Günzler W. A., Steffens G. J., Otting F., Buse G., Flohé L. Structural relationship between human high and low molecular mass urokinase. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1982 Feb;363(2):133–141. doi: 10.1515/bchm2.1982.363.1.133. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Günzler W. A., Steffens G. J., Otting F., Kim S. M., Frankus E., Flohé L. The primary structure of high molecular mass urokinase from human urine. The complete amino acid sequence of the A chain. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1982 Oct;363(10):1155–1165. doi: 10.1515/bchm2.1982.363.2.1155. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hanahan D., Meselson M. Plasmid screening at high colony density. Gene. 1980 Jun;10(1):63–67. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(80)90144-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Houck C. M., Rinehart F. P., Schmid C. W. A ubiquitous family of repeated DNA sequences in the human genome. J Mol Biol. 1979 Aug 15;132(3):289–306. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(79)90261-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Krieger M., Kay L. M., Stroud R. M. Structure and specific binding of trypsin: comparison of inhibited derivatives and a model for substrate binding. J Mol Biol. 1974 Feb 25;83(2):209–230. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(74)90388-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lee L. S., Weinstein I. B. Epidermal growth factor, like phorbol esters, induces plasminogen activator in HeLa cells. Nature. 1978 Aug 17;274(5672):696–697. doi: 10.1038/274696a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lehrach H., Diamond D., Wozney J. M., Boedtker H. RNA molecular weight determinations by gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions, a critical reexamination. Biochemistry. 1977 Oct 18;16(21):4743–4751. doi: 10.1021/bi00640a033. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mason A. J., Evans B. A., Cox D. R., Shine J., Richards R. I. Structure of mouse kallikrein gene family suggests a role in specific processing of biologically active peptides. Nature. 1983 May 26;303(5915):300–307. doi: 10.1038/303300a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mullins D. E., Rohrlich S. T. The role of proteinases in cellular invasiveness. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1983 Dec 29;695(3-4):177–214. doi: 10.1016/0304-419x(83)90011-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nagamine Y., Sudol M., Reich E. Hormonal regulation of plasminogen activator mRNA production in porcine kidney cells. Cell. 1983 Apr;32(4):1181–1190. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90301-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nielsen L. S., Hansen J. G., Skriver L., Wilson E. L., Kaltoft K., Zeuthen J., Danø K. Purification of zymogen to plasminogen activator from human glioblastoma cells by affinity chromatography with monoclonal antibody. Biochemistry. 1982 Dec 7;21(25):6410–6415. doi: 10.1021/bi00268a014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Okayama H., Berg P. A cDNA cloning vector that permits expression of cDNA inserts in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Feb;3(2):280–289. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.2.280. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ossowski L., Reich E. Antibodies to plasminogen activator inhibit human tumor metastasis. Cell. 1983 Dec;35(3 Pt 2):611–619. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90093-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pennica D., Holmes W. E., Kohr W. J., Harkins R. N., Vehar G. A., Ward C. A., Bennett W. F., Yelverton E., Seeburg P. H., Heyneker H. L. Cloning and expression of human tissue-type plasminogen activator cDNA in E. coli. Nature. 1983 Jan 20;301(5897):214–221. doi: 10.1038/301214a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rifkin D. B. Regulation of plasminogen activator synthesis in chick embryo fibroblasts infected with avian retroviruses. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1980;44(Pt 1):665–668. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1980.044.01.070. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Salerno G., Verde P., Nolli M. L., Corti A., Szöts H., Meo T., Johnson J., Bullock S., Cassani G., Blasi F. Monoclonal antibodies to human urokinase identify the single-chain pro-urokinase precursor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jan;81(1):110–114. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.1.110. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Steffens G. J., Günzler W. A., Otting F., Frankus E., Flohé L. The complete amino acid sequence of low molecular mass urokinase from human urine. Hoppe Seylers Z Physiol Chem. 1982 Sep;363(9):1043–1058. doi: 10.1515/bchm2.1982.363.2.1043. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Unkeless J. C., Tobia A., Ossowski L., Quigley J. P., Rifkin D. B., Reich E. An enzymatic function associated with transformation of fibroblasts by oncogenic viruses. I. Chick embryo fibroblast cultures transformed by avian RNA tumor viruses. J Exp Med. 1973 Jan 1;137(1):85–111. doi: 10.1084/jem.137.1.85. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- White W. F., Barlow G. H., Mozen M. M. The isolation and characterization of plasminogen activators (urokinase) from human urine. Biochemistry. 1966 Jul;5(7):2160–2169. doi: 10.1021/bi00871a003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wigler M., Weinstein I. B. Tumour promotor induces plasminogen activator. Nature. 1976 Jan 22;259(5540):232–233. doi: 10.1038/259232a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wun T. C., Ossowski L., Reich E. A proenzyme form of human urokinase. J Biol Chem. 1982 Jun 25;257(12):7262–7268. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]