Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1984 Aug;81(16):5026–5030. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.16.5026

Human renin gene: structure and sequence analysis.

P M Hobart, M Fogliano, B A O'Connor, I M Schaefer, J M Chirgwin
PMCID: PMC391630  PMID: 6089171

Abstract

The complete protein precursor of human kidney renin has been determined from the sequence of cloned genomic DNA. The gene spans 12 kilobases of DNA and is interrupted by eight intervening sequences. The nine regions (exons) encoding the protein were mapped with a mouse renin cDNA probe, synthetic oligonucleotide probes, and by hybridization of genomic restriction fragments to a 1600-nucleotide human kidney mRNA. The predicted 403-amino acid preprorenin consists of mature renin and a 66-residue amino-terminal prepropeptide. The DNA sequence 5' to the first exon indicates the location of a transcriptional promoter (T-A-T-A-A-A) for a mRNA encoding preprorenin. An additional transcriptional promoter site is located within the first intron, which, if used, would express a shortened nonsecreted prorenin. The structure of the human renin gene is similar to that of human pepsinogen, a closely related aspartyl protease enzyme. This observation suggests that renin and pepsinogen have a common evolutionary origin.

Full text

PDF
5026

Images in this article

5029Image
on p.5029
5029Image
on p.5029

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Blundell T., Sibanda B. L., Pearl L. Three-dimensional structure, specificity and catalytic mechanism of renin. Nature. 1983 Jul 21;304(5923):273–275. doi: 10.1038/304273a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Catanzaro D. F., Mullins J. J., Morris B. J. The biosynthetic pathway of renin in mouse submandibular gland. J Biol Chem. 1983 Jun 25;258(12):7364–7368. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chirgwin J. M., Przybyla A. E., MacDonald R. J., Rutter W. J. Isolation of biologically active ribonucleic acid from sources enriched in ribonuclease. Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294–5299. doi: 10.1021/bi00591a005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chirgwin J. M., Schaefer I. M., Rotwein P. S., Piccini N., Gross K. W., Naylor S. L. Human renin gene is on chromosome 1. Somat Cell Mol Genet. 1984 Jul;10(4):415–421. doi: 10.1007/BF01535637. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Deeley R. G., Gordon J. I., Burns A. T., Mullinix K. P., Binastein M., Goldberg R. F. Primary activation of the vitellogenin gene in the rooster. J Biol Chem. 1977 Nov 25;252(22):8310–8319. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Deininger P. L., Jolly D. J., Rubin C. M., Friedmann T., Schmid C. W. Base sequence studies of 300 nucleotide renatured repeated human DNA clones. J Mol Biol. 1981 Sep 5;151(1):17–33. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90219-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Galen F. X., Devaux C., Guyenne T., Menard J., Corvol P. Multiple forms of human renin. Purification and characterization. J Biol Chem. 1979 Jun 10;254(11):4848–4855. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Imai T., Miyazaki H., Hirose S., Hori H., Hayashi T., Kageyama R., Ohkubo H., Nakanishi S., Murakami K. Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for human renin precursor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Dec;80(24):7405–7409. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.24.7405. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Lawn R. M., Fritsch E. F., Parker R. C., Blake G., Maniatis T. The isolation and characterization of linked delta- and beta-globin genes from a cloned library of human DNA. Cell. 1978 Dec;15(4):1157–1174. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90043-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Misono K. S., Chang J. J., Inagami T. Amino acid sequence of mouse submaxillary gland renin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Aug;79(16):4858–4862. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.16.4858. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Okamura T., Clemens D. L., Inagami T. Renin, angiotensins, and angiotensin-converting enzyme in neuroblastoma cells: evidence for intracellular formation of angiotensins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Nov;78(11):6940–6943. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.11.6940. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Panthier J. J., Foote S., Chambraud B., Strosberg A. D., Corvol P., Rougeon F. Complete amino acid sequence and maturation of the mouse submaxillary gland renin precursor. Nature. 1982 Jul 1;298(5869):90–92. doi: 10.1038/298090a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Pratt R. E., Ouellette A. J., Dzau V. J. Biosynthesis of renin: multiplicity of active and intermediate forms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Nov;80(22):6809–6813. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.22.6809. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Rigby P. W., Dieckmann M., Rhodes C., Berg P. Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I. J Mol Biol. 1977 Jun 15;113(1):237–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Rüther U., Koenen M., Otto K., Müller-Hill B. pUR222, a vector for cloning and rapid chemical sequencing of DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Aug 25;9(16):4087–4098. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.16.4087. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Sharp P. A. Speculations on RNA splicing. Cell. 1981 Mar;23(3):643–646. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90425-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Slater E. E., Strout H. V., Jr Pure human renin. Identification and characterization and of two major molecular weight forms. J Biol Chem. 1981 Aug 10;256(15):8164–8171. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Sogawa K., Fujii-Kuriyama Y., Mizukami Y., Ichihara Y., Takahashi K. Primary structure of human pepsinogen gene. J Biol Chem. 1983 Apr 25;258(8):5306–5311. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Soubrier F., Panthier J. J., Corvol P., Rougeon F. Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of a human renin cDNA fragment. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Oct 25;11(20):7181–7190. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.20.7181. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Tewksbury D. A., Dart R. A., Travis J. The amino terminal amino acid sequence of human angiotensinogen. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1981 Apr 30;99(4):1311–1315. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(81)90762-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Vieira J., Messing J. The pUC plasmids, an M13mp7-derived system for insertion mutagenesis and sequencing with synthetic universal primers. Gene. 1982 Oct;19(3):259–268. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(82)90015-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Woo S. L. A sensitive and rapid method for recombinant phage screening. Methods Enzymol. 1979;68:389–395. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(79)68028-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Yokosawa H., Holladay L. A., Inagami T., Haas E., Murakami K. Human renal renin. Complete purification and characterization. J Biol Chem. 1980 Apr 25;255(8):3498–3502. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES