Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1984 Oct;81(19):6009–6013. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.19.6009

In vitro regulation of phage lambda cII gene expression by Escherichia coli integration host factor.

S Peacock, H Weissbach, H A Nash
PMCID: PMC391848  PMID: 6091131

Abstract

The effect of Escherichia coli integration host factor (IHF) on phage lambda gene expression has been examined in a simplified DNA-directed in vitro system that measures the formation of the first dipeptide of the gene product. Plasmid pKC30cII, which contains the phage lambda genes N, cII and O, under control of the PL promoter, was used as template to study the expression of the first dipeptide of the gene products--i.e., fMet-Asp for N protein, fMet-Val for cII, and fMet-Thr for O. Purified IHF stimulates the DNA-directed synthesis of fMet-Val (cII) and fMet-Thr (O) 2-3-fold but has no effect on the synthesis of fMet-Asp (N). In this in vitro system, the stimulation by IHF of cII and O gene expression is at the level of transcription. Phage lambda repressor completely inhibits dipeptide synthesis in the presence or absence of IHF. The results are consistent with a role of IHF as a transcription antiterminator, perhaps functioning at or near the tR1 site preceding the cII gene.

Full text

PDF
6009

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Burgess R. R., Jendrisak J. J. A procedure for the rapid, large-scall purification of Escherichia coli DNA-dependent RNA polymerase involving Polymin P precipitation and DNA-cellulose chromatography. Biochemistry. 1975 Oct 21;14(21):4634–4638. doi: 10.1021/bi00692a011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Court D., Brady C., Rosenberg M., Wulff D. L., Behr M., Mahoney M., Izumi S. U. Control of transcription termination: a rho-dependent termination site in bacteriophage lambda. J Mol Biol. 1980 Apr;138(2):231–254. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(80)90285-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Dickerman H. W., Steers E., Jr, Redfield B. G., Weissbach H. Methionyl soluble ribonucleic acid transformylase. I. Purification and partial characterization. J Biol Chem. 1967 Apr 10;242(7):1522–1525. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Franklin N. C., Bennett G. N. The N protein of bacteriophage lambda, defined by its DNA sequence, is highly basic. Gene. 1979 Dec;8(1):107–119. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(79)90011-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Friden P., Voelkel K., Sternglanz R., Freundlich M. Reduced expression of the isoleucine and valine enzymes in integration host factor mutants of Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1984 Feb 5;172(4):573–579. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(84)80024-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Friedman D. I., Olson E. J., Carver D., Gellert M. Synergistic effect of himA and gyrB mutations: evidence that him functions control expression of ilv and xyl genes. J Bacteriol. 1984 Feb;157(2):484–489. doi: 10.1128/jb.157.2.484-489.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Ghosh S., Echols H. Purification and properties of D protein: a transcription factor of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Dec;69(12):3660–3664. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.12.3660. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Greenblatt J., Li J. Properties of the N gene transcription antitermination protein of bacteriophage lambda. J Biol Chem. 1982 Jan 10;257(1):362–365. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Herskowitz I., Hagen D. The lysis-lysogeny decision of phage lambda: explicit programming and responsiveness. Annu Rev Genet. 1980;14:399–445. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.14.120180.002151. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hoyt M. A., Knight D. M., Das A., Miller H. I., Echols H. Control of phage lambda development by stability and synthesis of cII protein: role of the viral cIII and host hflA, himA and himD genes. Cell. 1982 Dec;31(3 Pt 2):565–573. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90312-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kung H. F., Redfield B., Treadwell B. V., Eskin B., Spears C., Weissbach H. DNA-directed in vitro synthesis of beta-galactosidase. Studies with purified factors. J Biol Chem. 1977 Oct 10;252(19):6889–6894. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kung H., Spears C., Weissbach H. Purification and properties of a soluble factor required for the deoxyribonucleic acid-directed in vitro synthesis of beta-galactosidase. J Biol Chem. 1975 Feb 25;250(4):1556–1562. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Lau L. F., Roberts J. W., Wu R. RNA polymerase pausing and transcript release at the lambda tR1 terminator in vitro. J Biol Chem. 1983 Aug 10;258(15):9391–9397. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. McMacken R., Mantei N., Butler B., Joyner A., Echols H. Effect of mutations in the c2 and c3 genes of bacteriophage lambda on macromolecular synthesis in infected cells. J Mol Biol. 1970 May 14;49(3):639–655. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90288-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Miller H. I., Kikuchi A., Nash H. A., Weisberg R. A., Friedman D. I. Site-specific recombination of bacteriophage lambda: the role of host gene products. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1979;43(Pt 2):1121–1126. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1979.043.01.125. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Miller H. I., Kirk M., Echols H. SOS induction and autoregulation of the himA gene for site-specific recombination in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Nov;78(11):6754–6758. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.11.6754. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Miller H. I. Multilevel regulation of bacteriophage lambda lysogeny by the E. coli himA gene. Cell. 1981 Jul;25(1):269–276. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90252-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Morgan W. D., Bear D. G., von Hippel P. H. Rho-dependent termination of transcription. II. Kinetics of mRNA elongation during transcription from the bacteriophage lambda PR promoter. J Biol Chem. 1983 Aug 10;258(15):9565–9574. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Nash H. A., Robertson C. A. Purification and properties of the Escherichia coli protein factor required for lambda integrative recombination. J Biol Chem. 1981 Sep 10;256(17):9246–9253. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Oppenheim A. B., Gottesman S., Gottesman M. Regulation of bacteriophage lambda int gene expression. J Mol Biol. 1982 Jul 5;158(3):327–346. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(82)90201-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Peacock S., Brot N., Weissbach H. Translational control of the expression of the beta subunit gene of E. coli RNA polymerase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1983 Jun 29;113(3):1018–1025. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(83)91100-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Robakis N., Cenatiempo Y., Meza-Basso L., Brot N., Weissbach H. A coupled DNA-directed in vitro system to study gene expression based on di- and tripeptide formation. Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:690–706. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01048-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Robakis N., Meza-Basso L., Brot N., Weissbach H. Translational control of ribosomal protein L10 synthesis occurs prior to formation of first peptide bond. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jul;78(7):4261–4264. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.7.4261. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Rosenberg M., Court D., Shimatake H., Brady C., Wulff D. L. The relationship between function and DNA sequence in an intercistronic regulatory region in phage lambda. Nature. 1978 Mar 30;272(5652):414–423. doi: 10.1038/272414a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Rouvière-Yaniv J., Gros F. Characterization of a novel, low-molecular-weight DNA-binding protein from Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Sep;72(9):3428–3432. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.9.3428. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Schofield P. Isolation and some properties of methionine transfer ribonucleic acid from Escherichia coli. Biochemistry. 1970 Apr 14;9(8):1694–1700. doi: 10.1021/bi00810a007. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Schwarz E., Scherer G., Hobom G., Kössel H. Nucleotide sequence of cro, cII and part of the O gene in phage lambda DNA. Nature. 1978 Mar 30;272(5652):410–414. doi: 10.1038/272410a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Schümperli D., McKenney K., Sobieski D. A., Rosenberg M. Translational coupling at an intercistronic boundary of the Escherichia coli galactose operon. Cell. 1982 Oct;30(3):865–871. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90291-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Simatake H., Rosenberg M. Purified lambda regulatory protein cII positively activates promoters for lysogenic development. Nature. 1981 Jul 9;292(5819):128–132. doi: 10.1038/292128a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Zarucki-Schulz T., Jerez C., Goldberg G., Kung H. F., Huang K. H., Brot N., Weissbach H. DNA-directed in vitro synthesis of proteins involved in bacterial transcription and translation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Dec;76(12):6115–6119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.12.6115. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES