Fig. 4.

Iontophoresis maintaining constant temperature. (A) Pain ratings during bradykinin application. (B) Pain ratings during saline application. (C) Area under the curve (AUC) of average visual analogue scale (VAS) at each 20-second timepoint for each condition. Results displayed as average n = 10 with SEM. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni post hoc analysis, ^∗∗∗P < 0.001. (D) Heat pain thresholds. (E) Mechanical pain threshold. (F) Flare area. (A, C) Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc analysis. ^∗P < 0.05; ^∗∗P < 0.01; ^∗∗∗P < 0.001. (E) Paired t-tests performed on log-transformed data. HPT, heat pain threshold; MPT, mechanical pain threshold.