Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1984 Dec;81(23):7298–7302. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.23.7298

Nucleotide sequence of cDNA and derived amino acid sequence of human complement component C9.

R G DiScipio, M R Gehring, E R Podack, C C Kan, T E Hugli, G H Fey
PMCID: PMC392133  PMID: 6095282

Abstract

The nucleotide sequence coding for the ninth component of human complement (C9) has been determined and the corresponding amino acid sequence has been derived. A human liver cDNA library was screened by the colony-hybridization technique using two radiolabeled oligonucleotide probes that correspond to known regions of the C9 amino acid sequence. Two recombinant plasmids were isolated and their cDNA inserts were sequenced. The derived protein sequence consists of 537 amino acids in a single polypeptide chain. A profile of the hydropathic index versus sequence number indicates that the amino-terminal half of C9 is predominantly hydrophilic in character whereas the carboxyl-terminal section of this protein is more hydrophobic. The amphipathic organization of the primary structure of C9 is consistent with the known potential of polymerized C9 to penetrate lipid bilayers, causing the formation of transmembrane channels.

Full text

PDF
7298

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Biesecker G., Gerard C., Hugli T. E. An amphiphilic structure of the ninth component of human complement. Evidence from analysis of fragments produced by alpha-thrombin. J Biol Chem. 1982 Mar 10;257(5):2584–2590. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Biesecker G., Müller-Eberhard H. J. The ninth component of human complement: purification and physicochemical characterization. J Immunol. 1980 Mar;124(3):1291–1296. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Biggin M. D., Gibson T. J., Hong G. F. Buffer gradient gels and 35S label as an aid to rapid DNA sequence determination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jul;80(13):3963–3965. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.13.3963. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chen R., Krämer C., Schmidmayr W., Henning U. Primary structure of major outer membrane protein I of Escherichia coli B/r. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Oct;76(10):5014–5017. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.10.5014. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Dourmashkin R. R. The structural events associated with the attachment of complement components to cell membranes in reactive lysis. Immunology. 1978 Aug;35(2):205–212. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Edman P., Begg G. A protein sequenator. Eur J Biochem. 1967 Mar;1(1):80–91. doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-25813-2_14. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Friedman M., Krull L. H., Cavins J. F. The chromatographic determination of cystine and cysteine residues in proteins as s-beta-(4-pyridylethyl)cysteine. J Biol Chem. 1970 Aug 10;245(15):3868–3871. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gates F. T., 3rd, Coligan J. E., Kindt T. J. Complete amino acid sequence of rabbit beta 2-microglobulin. Biochemistry. 1979 May 29;18(11):2267–2272. doi: 10.1021/bi00578a021. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hadding U., Müller-Eberhard H. J. The ninth component of human complement: isolation, description and mode of action. Immunology. 1969 Jun;16(6):719–735. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hanahan D., Meselson M. Plasmid screening at high colony density. Gene. 1980 Jun;10(1):63–67. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(80)90144-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Higgins D. L., Shafer J. A. Fibrinogen Petoskey, a dysfibrinogenemia characterized by replacement of Arg-A alpha 16 by a histidyl residue. Evidence for thrombin-catalyzed hydrolysis at a histidyl residue. J Biol Chem. 1981 Dec 10;256(23):12013–12017. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hu V. W., Esser A. F., Podack E. R., Wisnieski B. J. The membrane attack mechanism of complement: photolabeling reveals insertion of terminal proteins into target membrane. J Immunol. 1981 Jul;127(1):380–386. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Humphrey J. H., Dourmashkin R. R. The lesions in cell membranes caused by complement. Adv Immunol. 1969;11:75–115. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60478-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ishida B., Wisnieski B. J., Lavine C. H., Esser A. F. Photolabeling of a hydrophobic domain of the ninth component of human complement. J Biol Chem. 1982 Sep 25;257(18):10551–10553. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kolb W. P., Haxby J. A., Arroyave C. M., Müller-Eberhard H. J. Molecular analysis of the membrane attack mechanism of complement. J Exp Med. 1972 Mar 1;135(3):549–566. doi: 10.1084/jem.135.3.549. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kyte J., Doolittle R. F. A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein. J Mol Biol. 1982 May 5;157(1):105–132. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(82)90515-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Morgan B. P., Luzio J. P., Campbell A. K. Inhibition of complement-induced [14C]sucrose release by intracellular and extracellular monoclonal antibodies to C9: evidence that C9 is a transmembrane protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1984 Jan 30;118(2):616–622. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(84)91347-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Podack E. R., Esser A. F., Biesecker G., Müller-Eberhard H. J. Membrane attack complex of complement: a structural analysis of its assembly. J Exp Med. 1980 Feb 1;151(2):301–313. doi: 10.1084/jem.151.2.301. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Podack E. R., Tschoop J., Müller-Eberhard H. J. Molecular organization of C9 within the membrane attack complex of complement. Induction of circular C9 polymerization by the C5b-8 assembly. J Exp Med. 1982 Jul 1;156(1):268–282. doi: 10.1084/jem.156.1.268. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Podack E. R., Tschopp J. Circular polymerization of the ninth component of complement. Ring closure of the tubular complex confers resistance to detergent dissociation and to proteolytic degradation. J Biol Chem. 1982 Dec 25;257(24):15204–15212. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Podack E. R., Tschopp J. Polymerization of the ninth component of complement (C9): formation of poly(C9) with a tubular ultrastructure resembling the membrane attack complex of complement. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jan;79(2):574–578. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.2.574. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Podell D. N., Abraham G. N. A technique for the removal of pyroglutamic acid from the amino terminus of proteins using calf liver pyroglutamate amino peptidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1978 Mar 15;81(1):176–185. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(78)91646-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Rauterberg E. W., Ungemach B., Gebest H. J. Quantitative measurement of C9 sites and their association to the ring-like "lesions" on complementlysed membranes: a morphometric immunoferritin study. J Immunol. 1979 Jan;122(1):355–365. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Roth M. Fluorescence reaction for amino acids. Anal Chem. 1971 Jun;43(7):880–882. doi: 10.1021/ac60302a020. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Ruddy S., Everson L. K., Schur P. H., Austen K. F. Hemolytic assay of the ninth complement complement component: elevation and depletion in rheumatic diseases. J Exp Med. 1971 Sep 1;134(3 Pt 2):259s–275s. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Singer S. J. Molecular biology of cellular membranes with applications to immunology. Adv Immunol. 1974;19(0):1–66. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60251-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Staden R. An interactive graphics program for comparing and aligning nucleic acid and amino acid sequences. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 May 11;10(9):2951–2961. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.9.2951. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Staden R. Automation of the computer handling of gel reading data produced by the shotgun method of DNA sequencing. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Aug 11;10(15):4731–4751. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.15.4731. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Tschopp J., Müller-Eberhard H. J., Podack E. R. Formation of transmembrane tubules by spontaneous polymerization of the hydrophilic complement protein C9. Nature. 1982 Aug 5;298(5874):534–538. doi: 10.1038/298534a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Tschopp J., Podack E. R. Membranolysis by the ninth component of human complement. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1981 Jun 16;100(3):1409–1414. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(81)91981-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Woods D. E., Markham A. F., Ricker A. T., Goldberger G., Colten H. R. Isolation of cDNA clones for the human complement protein factor B, a class III major histocompatibility complex gene product. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Sep;79(18):5661–5665. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.18.5661. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Yamamoto K., Kawashima T., Migita S. Glutathione-catalyzed disulfide-linking of C9 in the membrane attack complex of complement. J Biol Chem. 1982 Aug 10;257(15):8573–8576. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Yamamoto K., Migita S. Mechanisms for the spontaneous formation of covalently linked polymers of the terminal membranolytic complement protein (C9). J Biol Chem. 1983 Jul 10;258(13):7887–7889. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES