Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1983 Jan;80(1):215–218. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.1.215

Immunocytochemical localization of prosomatostatin fragments in maturing and mature secretory granules of pancreatic and gastrointestinal D cells.

M Ravazzola, R Benoit, N Ling, R Guillemin, L Orci
PMCID: PMC393342  PMID: 6130530

Abstract

Pancreatic and gastrointestinal D cells were examined by immunocytochemistry using antisera against somatostatin-28 (SS28) and its NH2-terminal fragment SS28-(1-12), followed by the staphylococcal protein A-gold (pAg) complex. In pancreatic and gastric D cells incubated with antiserum against SS28-(1-12) the gold particles produced intense staining of the mature secretory granules but weaker staining of the immature granules associated with the Golgi area, whereas after SS28 antiserum treatment the particles accumulated selectively over the population of immature secretory granules. In intestinal D cells not only SS28-(1-12) but also SS28 antiserum produced an intense gold staining over the mature delta granules. These observations show that the relative amounts of immunoreactive sites related to SS28 and its cleavage product SS28-(1-12) in maturing and mature secretory granules are different in pancreatic, gastric, and intestinal D cells.

Full text

PDF
215

Images in this article

216Image
on p.216
217Image
on p.217

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Arimura A., Sato H., Dupont A., Nishi N., Schally A. V. Somatostatin: abundance of immunoreactive hormone in rat stomach and pancreas. Science. 1975 Sep 19;189(4207):1007–1009. doi: 10.1126/science.56779. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Benoit R., Böhlen P., Brazeau P., Ling N., Guillemin R. Isolation and characterization of rat pancreatic somatostatin. Endocrinology. 1980 Dec;107(6):2127–2129. doi: 10.1210/endo-107-6-2127. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Benoit R., Böhlen P., Ling N., Briskin A., Esch F., Brazeau P., Ying S. Y., Guillemin R. Presence of somatostatin-28-(1-12) in hypothalamus and pancreas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Feb;79(3):917–921. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.3.917. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Benoit R., Ling N., Alford B., Guillemin R. Seven peptides derived from pro-somatostatin in rat brain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1982 Aug;107(3):944–950. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(82)90614-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Brazeau P., Vale W., Burgus R., Ling N., Butcher M., Rivier J., Guillemin R. Hypothalamic polypeptide that inhibits the secretion of immunoreactive pituitary growth hormone. Science. 1973 Jan 5;179(4068):77–79. doi: 10.1126/science.179.4068.77. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. COONS A. H., LEDUC E. H., CONNOLLY J. M. Studies on antibody production. I. A method for the histochemical demonstration of specific antibody and its application to a study of the hyperimmune rabbit. J Exp Med. 1955 Jul 1;102(1):49–60. doi: 10.1084/jem.102.1.49. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Conlon J. M., Zyznar E., Vale W., Unger R. H. Multiple forms of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in canine pancreas. FEBS Lett. 1978 Oct 15;94(2):327–330. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(78)80968-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Dubois M. P., Barry J., Leonardelli J. Mise en évidence par immunofluorescence et répartition de la somatostatine (SRIF) dans l'éminence médiane des vertébré (Mammifères, Oiseaux, Amphibiens, Poissons) C R Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D. 1974 Dec 16;279(25):1899–1902. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dubois M. P. Immunoreactive somatostatin is present in discrete cells of the endocrine pancreas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Apr;72(4):1340–1343. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.4.1340. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Esch F., Böhlen P., Ling N., Benoit R., Brazeau P., Guillemin R. Primary structure of ovine hypothalamic somatostatin-28 and somatostatin-25. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Nov;77(11):6827–6831. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.11.6827. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Goodman R. H., Jacobs J. W., Dee P. C., Habener J. F. Somatostatin-28 encoded in a cloned cDNA obtained from a rat medullary thyroid carcinoma. J Biol Chem. 1982 Feb 10;257(3):1156–1159. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Goodman R. H., Lund P. K., Barnett F. H., Habener J. F. Intestinal pre-prosomatostatin. Identification of mRNA coding for a precursor by cell-free translations and hybridization with a cloned islet cDNA. J Biol Chem. 1981 Feb 25;256(4):1499–1501. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Goodman R. H., Lund P. K., Jacobs J. W., Habener J. F. Pre-prosomatostatins. Products of cell-free translations of messenger RNAs from anglerfish islets. J Biol Chem. 1980 Jul 25;255(14):6549–6552. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hökfelt T., Efendic S., Johansson O., Luft R., Arimura A. Immunohistochemical localization of somatostatin (growth hormone release-inhibiting factor) in the guinea pig brain. Brain Res. 1974 Nov 8;80(1):165–169. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(74)90737-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Joseph-Bravo P., Charli J. L., Sherman T., Boyer H., Bolivar F., McKelvy J. F. Identification of a putative hypothalamic mRNA coding for somatostatin and of its product in cell-free translation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Jun 16;94(3):1004–1012. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(80)91334-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Lauber M., Camier M., Cohen P. Higher molecular weight forms of immunoreactive somatostatin in mouse hypothalamic extracts: evidence of processing in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Nov;76(11):6004–6008. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.11.6004. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Like A. A., Orci L. Embryogenesis of the human pancreatic islets: a light and electron microscopic study. Diabetes. 1972;21(2 Suppl):511–534. doi: 10.2337/diab.21.2.s511. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Liotta A. S., Loudes C., McKelvy J. F., Krieger D. T. Biosynthesis of precursor corticotropin/endorphin-, corticotropin-, alpha-melanotropin-, beta-lipotropin-, and beta-endorphin-like material by cultured neonatal rat hypothalamic neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Apr;77(4):1880–1884. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.4.1880. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Luft R., Efendic S., Hökfelt T., Johansson O., Arimura A. Immunohistochemical evidence for the localization of somatostatin--like immunoreactivity in a cell population of the pancreatic islets. Med Biol. 1974 Dec;52(6):428–430. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Noe B. D., Fletcher D. J., Bauer G. E., Weir G. C., Patel Y. Somatostatin biosynthesis occurs in pancreatic islets. Endocrinology. 1978 Jun;102(6):1675–1685. doi: 10.1210/endo-102-6-1675. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Orci L., Baetens D., Dubois M. P., Rufener C. Evidence for the D-cell of the pancreas secreting somatostatin. Horm Metab Res. 1975 Sep;7(5):400–402. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1093736. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Oyama H., O'Connell K., Permutt A. Cell-mediated synthesis of somatostatin. Endocrinology. 1980 Sep;107(3):845–847. doi: 10.1210/endo-107-3-845. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Patel Y. C., Reichlin S. Somatostatin in hypothalamus, extrahypothalamic brain, and peripheral tissues of the rat. Endocrinology. 1978 Feb;102(2):523–530. doi: 10.1210/endo-102-2-523. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Patel Y. C., Wheatley T., Ning C. Multiple forms of immunoreactive somatostatin: comparison of distribution in neural and nonneural tissues and portal plasma of the rat. Endocrinology. 1981 Dec;109(6):1943–1949. doi: 10.1210/endo-109-6-1943. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Patzelt C., Tager H. S., Carroll R. J., Steiner D. F. Identification of prosomatostatin in pancreatic islets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 May;77(5):2410–2414. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.5.2410. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Pelletier G., Leclerc R., Arimura A., Schally A. V. Letter: Immunohistochemical localization of somatostatin in the rat pancreas. J Histochem Cytochem. 1975 Sep;23(9):699–702. doi: 10.1177/23.9.1100709. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Polak J. M., Pearse A. G., Grimelius L., Bloom S. R. Growth-hormone release-inhibiting hormone in gastrointestinal and pancreatic D cells. Lancet. 1975 May 31;1(7918):1220–1222. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)92198-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Pradayrol L., Jörnvall H., Mutt V., Ribet A. N-terminally extended somatostatin: the primary structure of somatostatin-28. FEBS Lett. 1980 Jan 1;109(1):55–58. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(80)81310-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Rorstad O. P., Epelbaum J., Brazeau P., Martin J. B. Chromatographic and biological properties of immunoreactive somatostatin in hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic brain regions of the rat. Endocrinology. 1979 Nov;105(5):1083–1092. doi: 10.1210/endo-105-5-1083. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Roth J., Bendayan M., Orci L. Ultrastructural localization of intracellular antigens by the use of protein A-gold complex. J Histochem Cytochem. 1978 Dec;26(12):1074–1081. doi: 10.1177/26.12.366014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Rufener C., Dubois M. P., Malaisse Lagae F., Oric L. Immuno-fluorescent reactivity to anti-somatostatin in the gastro-intestinal mucosa of the dog. Diabetologia. 1975 Aug;11(4):321–324. doi: 10.1007/BF00422398. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Schally A. V., Huang W. Y., Chang R. C., Arimura A., Redding T. W., Millar R. P., Hunkapiller M. W., Hood L. E. Isolation and structure of pro-somatostatin: a putative somatostatin precursor from pig hypothalamus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Aug;77(8):4489–4493. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.8.4489. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Shields D. In vitro biosynthesis of fish islet preprosomatostatin: evidence of processing and segregation of a high molecular weight precursor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):4074–4078. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.7.4074. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Spiess J., Villarreal J., Vale W. Isolation and sequence analysis of a somatostatin-like polypeptide from ovine hypothalamus. Biochemistry. 1981 Mar 31;20(7):1982–1988. doi: 10.1021/bi00510a038. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Zingg H. H., Patel Y. C. Somatostatin precursors: evidence for presence in and release from rat median eminence and neurohypophysis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1979 Sep 27;90(2):466–472. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(79)91258-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Zyznar E. S., Conlon J. M., Schusdziarra V., Unger R. H. Properties of somatostatin-like immunoreactive polypeptides in the canine extrahypothalamic brain and stomach. Endocrinology. 1979 Dec;105(6):1426–1431. doi: 10.1210/endo-105-6-1426. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES