Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1983 Apr;80(8):2184–2188. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.8.2184

Sequence dependence of hydrogen exchange kinetics in DNA duplexes at the individual base pair level in solution.

D J Patel, S Ikuta, S Kozlowski, K Itakura
PMCID: PMC393782  PMID: 6572970

Abstract

The kinetics for hydrogen exchange at individual base pairs in self-complementary deoxydodecanucleotide duplexes have been estimated from NMR saturation recovery measurements on the resolved imino protons as a function of temperature. The imino protons of dA . dT base pairs in the center of the fully alternating d(C-G-C-G-T-A-T-A-C-G-C-G) duplex exchange a factor of 2- to 3-fold faster than the corresponding protons at the same positions in the partially alternating d(C-G-C-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G) duplex. These exchange parameters are a direct measure of the rate constants for transient opening of individual dA . dT base pairs in the dodecanucleotide duplexes and demonstrate faster opening kinetics for the "TATA" box region compared to the related "AATT" segment.

Full text

PDF
2184

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Crothers D. M., Hilbers C. W., Shulman R. G. Nuclear magnetic resonance study of hydrogen-bonded ring protons in Watson-Crick base pairs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1973 Oct;70(10):2899–2901. doi: 10.1073/pnas.70.10.2899. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Dickerson R. E., Drew H. R., Conner B. N., Wing R. M., Fratini A. V., Kopka M. L. The anatomy of A-, B-, and Z-DNA. Science. 1982 Apr 30;216(4545):475–485. doi: 10.1126/science.7071593. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Early T. A., Kearns D. R., Hillen W., Wells R. D. A 300- and 600-MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of a 12 base pair deoxyribonucleic acid restriction fragment: relaxation behavior of the low-field resonances in water. Biochemistry. 1981 Jun 23;20(13):3756–3764. doi: 10.1021/bi00516a014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Early T. A., Kearns D. R., Hillen W., Wells R. D. A 300-MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of deoxyribonucleic acid restriction fragments: dynamic properties. Biochemistry. 1981 Jun 23;20(13):3764–3769. doi: 10.1021/bi00516a015. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Hare D. R., Reid B. R. Direct assignment of the dihydrouridine-helix imino proton resonances in transfer ribonucleic acid nuclear magnetic resonance spectra by means of the nuclear Overhauser effect. Biochemistry. 1982 Apr 13;21(8):1835–1842. doi: 10.1021/bi00537a020. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hurd R. E., Reid B. R. Helix-coil dynamics in RNA: the amino acid acceptor helix of Escherichia coli phenylalanine transfer RNA. J Mol Biol. 1980 Sep 15;142(2):181–193. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(80)90044-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hurd R. E., Reid B. R. Helix-coil dynamics in RNA: the amino acid acceptor helix of Escherichia coli phenylalanine transfer RNA. J Mol Biol. 1980 Sep 15;142(2):181–193. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(80)90044-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Johnston P. D., Redfield A. G. An NMR study of the exchange rates for protons involved in the secondary and tertiary structure of yeast tRNA Phe. Nucleic Acids Res. 1977 Oct;4(10):3599–3615. doi: 10.1093/nar/4.10.3599. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Johnston P. D., Redfield A. G. Study of transfer ribonucleic acid unfolding by dynamic nuclear magnetic resonance. Biochemistry. 1981 Jul 7;20(14):3996–4006. doi: 10.1021/bi00517a008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Keepers J. W., Kollman P. A., Weiner P. K., James T. L. Molecular mechanical studies of DNA flexibility: coupled backbone torsion angles and base-pair openings. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Sep;79(18):5537–5541. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.18.5537. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Mandal C., Kallenbach N. R., Englander S. W. Base-pair opening and closing reactions in the double helix. A stopped-flow hydrogen exchange study in poly(rA).poly(rU). J Mol Biol. 1979 Dec 5;135(2):391–411. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(79)90443-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Pardi A., Morden K. M., Patel D. J., Tinoco I., Jr Kinetics for exchange of imino protons in the d(C-G-C-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G) double helix and in two similar helices that contain a G . T base pair, d(C-G-T-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G), and an extra adenine, d(C-G-C-A-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G). Biochemistry. 1982 Dec 7;21(25):6567–6574. doi: 10.1021/bi00268a038. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Pardi A., Morden K. M., Patel D. J., Tinoco I., Jr Kinetics for exchange of the imino protons of the d(C-G-C-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G) double helix in complexes with the antibiotics netropsin and/or actinomycin. Biochemistry. 1983 Mar 1;22(5):1107–1113. doi: 10.1021/bi00274a018. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Pardi A., Tinoco I., Jr Kinetics for exchange of imino protons in deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid, and hybrid oligonucleotide helices. Biochemistry. 1982 Sep 14;21(19):4686–4693. doi: 10.1021/bi00262a026. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Patel D. J. Antibiotic-DNA interactions: intermolecular nuclear Overhauser effects in the netropsin-d(C-G-C-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G) complex in solution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Nov;79(21):6424–6428. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.21.6424. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Patel D. J., Hilbers C. W. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance investigations of fraying in double-stranded d-ApTpGpCpApT in H2O solution. Biochemistry. 1975 Jun 17;14(12):2651–2656. doi: 10.1021/bi00683a014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Patel D. J., Kozlowski S. A., Ikuta S., Itakura K., Bhatt R., Hare D. R. NMR studies of DNA conformation and dynamics in solution. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1983;47(Pt 1):197–206. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1983.047.01.025. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Patel D. J., Kozlowski S. A., Marky L. A., Broka C., Rice J. A., Itakura K., Breslauer K. J. Premelting and melting transitions in the d(CGCGAATTCGCG) self-complementary duplex in solution. Biochemistry. 1982 Feb 2;21(3):428–436. doi: 10.1021/bi00532a002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Patel D. J., Kozlowski S. A., Nordheim A., Rich A. Right-handed and left-handed DNA: studies of B- and Z-DNA by using proton nuclear Overhauser effect and P NMR. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Mar;79(5):1413–1417. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.5.1413. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Patel D. J., Pardi A., Itakura K. DNA conformation, dynamics, and interactions in solution. Science. 1982 May 7;216(4546):581–590. doi: 10.1126/science.6280281. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Roy S., Redfield A. G. Nuclear Overhauser effect study and assignment of D stem and reverse-Hoogsteen base pair proton resonances in yeast tRNAAsp. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 21;9(24):7073–7083. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.24.7073. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Tan Z. K., Ikuta S., Huang T., Dugaiczyk A., Itakura K. Solid-phase synthesis of polynucleotides. VIII: A simplified synthesis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1983;47(Pt 1):383–391. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1983.047.01.045. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Teitelbaum H., Englander S. W. Open states in native polynucleotides. II. Hydrogen-exchange study of cytosine-containing double helices. J Mol Biol. 1975 Feb 15;92(1):79–92. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(75)90092-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES