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Canadian Journal of Surgery logoLink to Canadian Journal of Surgery
. 1998 Jun;41(3):228–233.

Mechanical integrity of subchondral bone in osteochondral autografts and allografts

Greg Wohl *, Gordon Goplen *, Jason Ford *, Kelli Novak *, Mark Hurtig , Roger McPherson *, Locksley McGann *,, Norman Schachar *, Ronald F Zernicke *,
PMCID: PMC3950166  PMID: 9627549

Abstract

Objective

To assess the influence of osteochondral graft preservation techniques on post-transplant biomechanics of graft and host subchondral bone in the knee joint.

Design

An experimental animal model (sheep), specifically the weight-bearing articular surface of the medial femoral condyle of the knee joints.

Intervention

Each sheep received, in the ipsilateral knee, an allograft that was (a) frozen without dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), (b) snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen or (c) frozen with DMSO. The contralateral knee received an autograft that was (a) snap-frozen, (b) treated with DMSO or (c) left untreated (fresh).

Main outcome measures

Mechanical and material properties of bone, including maximal compression stress, modulus of elasticity and bone mineral ash content of subchondral bone cores (from the graft centre and surrounding host bone).

Results

No significant differences were found in the mechanical properties of the subchondral bone under the graft, but there were significant changes in surrounding bone. Bone surrounding the grafts that were snap-frozen or frozen without DMSO was significantly stronger than the normal control bone. However, bone surrounding fresh autografts and cryoprotected allografts was not significantly different from normal control bone.

Conclusions

The changes in the mechanical behaviour of the host bone may be associated with graft cell viability. The greater stiffness of the subchondral host bone may have consequences for long-term graft integrity and for the development of degenerative osteoarthritis.

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Articles from Canadian Journal of Surgery are provided here courtesy of Canadian Medical Association

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