Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1985 Jan;82(2):521–525. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.2.521

Mapping of steroid 21-hydroxylase genes adjacent to complement component C4 genes in HLA, the major histocompatibility complex in man.

M C Carroll, R D Campbell, R R Porter
PMCID: PMC397071  PMID: 3871526

Abstract

The genes for four components (C) of complement in the human major histocompatibility complex (HLA) have been aligned previously in a series of overlapping cosmid cloned inserts. Those inserts, which contained the two C4 genes C4A and C4B, hybridized with human adrenal mRNA, indicating that they contain a gene expressed in the adrenal. The mRNA fraction of 2.4 kilobases (kb) hybridizes with genomic DNA of 4.5 kb, which is duplicated and lies about 1.5 kb 3' of both the C4A and the C4B complement genes. Sequencing of a 430-base section and comparison with the published cDNA sequence of bovine cytochrome P-450 21-hydroxylase, peptide sequences of porcine 21-hydroxylase, and a cDNA sequence of a rat liver cytochrome P-450 identified the gene as coding for human steroid 21-hydroxylase [steroid,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase (21-hydroxylating), EC 1.14.99.10]. Mapping of the gene was helped by use of a synthetic oligonucleotide based on the bovine cDNA sequence.

Full text

PDF

Images in this article

522Image
on p.522
522Image
on p.522
523Image
on p.523
523Image
on p.523
524Image
on p.524
524Image
on p.524
524Image
on p.524
524Image
on p.524

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bell G. I., Karam J. H., Rutter W. J. Polymorphic DNA region adjacent to the 5' end of the human insulin gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Sep;78(9):5759–5763. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.9.5759. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Belt K. T., Carroll M. C., Porter R. R. The structural basis of the multiple forms of human complement component C4. Cell. 1984 Apr;36(4):907–914. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90040-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Birnboim H. C., Doly J. A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 24;7(6):1513–1523. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.6.1513. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Carroll M. C., Belt T., Palsdottir A., Porter R. R. Structure and organization of the C4 genes. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1984 Sep 6;306(1129):379–388. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1984.0098. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Carroll M. C., Campbell R. D., Bentley D. R., Porter R. R. A molecular map of the human major histocompatibility complex class III region linking complement genes C4, C2 and factor B. Nature. 1984 Jan 19;307(5948):237–241. doi: 10.1038/307237a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Carroll M. C., Porter R. R. Cloning of a human complement component C4 gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jan;80(1):264–267. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.1.264. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Chirgwin J. M., Przybyla A. E., MacDonald R. J., Rutter W. J. Isolation of biologically active ribonucleic acid from sources enriched in ribonuclease. Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294–5299. doi: 10.1021/bi00591a005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fujii-Kuriyama Y., Mizukami Y., Kawajiri K., Sogawa K., Muramatsu M. Primary structure of a cytochrome P-450: coding nucleotide sequence of phenobarbital-inducible cytochrome P-450 cDNA from rat liver. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 May;79(9):2793–2797. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.9.2793. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Grosveld F. G., Lund T., Murray E. J., Mellor A. L., Dahl H. H., Flavell R. A. The construction of cosmid libraries which can be used to transform eukaryotic cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Nov 11;10(21):6715–6732. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.21.6715. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Mount S. M. A catalogue of splice junction sequences. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jan 22;10(2):459–472. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.2.459. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Rigby P. W., Dieckmann M., Rhodes C., Berg P. Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I. J Mol Biol. 1977 Jun 15;113(1):237–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Robson E. B., Lamm L. U. Report of the Committee on the Genetic Constitution of Chromosome 6. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1984;37(1-4):47–70. doi: 10.1159/000132004. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Wahl G. M., Stern M., Stark G. R. Efficient transfer of large DNA fragments from agarose gels to diazobenzyloxymethyl-paper and rapid hybridization by using dextran sulfate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):3683–3687. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.8.3683. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Wallace R. B., Johnson M. J., Hirose T., Miyake T., Kawashima E. H., Itakura K. The use of synthetic oligonucleotides as hybridization probes. II. Hybridization of oligonucleotides of mixed sequence to rabbit beta-globin DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Feb 25;9(4):879–894. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.4.879. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. White P. C., New M. I., Dupont B. Cloning and expression of cDNA encoding a bovine adrenal cytochrome P-450 specific for steroid 21-hydroxylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(7):1986–1990. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.7.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. White P. C., New M. I., Dupont B. HLA-linked congenital adrenal hyperplasia results from a defective gene encoding a cytochrome P-450 specific for steroid 21-hydroxylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Dec;81(23):7505–7509. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.23.7505. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Yuan P. M., Nakajin S., Haniu M., Shinoda M., Hall P. F., Shively J. E. Steroid 21-hydroxylase (cytochrome P-450) from porcine adrenocortical microsomes: microsequence analysis of cysteine-containing peptides. Biochemistry. 1983 Jan 4;22(1):143–149. doi: 10.1021/bi00270a021. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES