Abstract
The LSP1-alpha gene of Drosophila melanogaster is located on the X chromosome at 11B yet is not dosage compensated. In order to determine if this gene is inherently incapable of dosage compensation or if it does not compensate because the appropriate regulatory cis-acting sequences are absent from its chromosomal domain, we have undertaken to relocate it to ectopic sites on the X chromosome. To differentiate between the transcripts produced by the transduced gene and those produced by the indigenous gene, we inserted a 500-bp sequence of mouse DNA into the LSP1-alpha clone prior to using it for transformation. Our results show that the LSP1-alpha gene exhibits equivalent levels of transcripts in the two sexes when it is relocated to either an autosomal site or to an ectopic site on the X chromosome. We conclude that the LSP1-alpha gene is capable of dosage compensation.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Beckendorf S. K., Kafatos F. C. Differentiation in the salivary glands of Drosophila melanogaster: characterization of the glue proteins and their developmental appearance. Cell. 1976 Nov;9(3):365–373. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90081-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brock H. W., Roberts D. B. Location of the LSP-1 Genes in Drosophila Species by IN SITU Hybridization. Genetics. 1983 Jan;103(1):75–92. doi: 10.1093/genetics/103.1.75. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brock H. W., Roberts D. B. The LSP1-alpha gene is not dosage compensated in the Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup. Biochem Genet. 1982 Apr;20(3-4):287–296. doi: 10.1007/BF00484425. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Goldberg D. A. Isolation and partial characterization of the Drosophila alcohol dehydrogenase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Oct;77(10):5794–5798. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.10.5794. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Grunstein M., Hogness D. S. Colony hybridization: a method for the isolation of cloned DNAs that contain a specific gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Oct;72(10):3961–3965. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.10.3961. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hazelrigg T., Levis R., Rubin G. M. Transformation of white locus DNA in drosophila: dosage compensation, zeste interaction, and position effects. Cell. 1984 Feb;36(2):469–481. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90240-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jowett T. The regulatory domain of a larval serum protein gene in Drosophila melanogaster. EMBO J. 1985 Dec 30;4(13B):3789–3795. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb04149.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Karess R. E., Rubin G. M. Analysis of P transposable element functions in Drosophila. Cell. 1984 Aug;38(1):135–146. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90534-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Korge G. Chromosome puff activity and protein synthesis in larval salivary glands of Drosophila melanogaster. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Nov;72(11):4550–4554. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.11.4550. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Krumm A., Roth G. E., Korge G. Transformation of salivary gland secretion protein gene Sgs-4 in Drosophila: stage- and tissue-specific regulation, dosage compensation, and position effect. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(15):5055–5059. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.15.5055. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Levis R., Hazelrigg T., Rubin G. M. Separable cis-acting control elements for expression of the white gene of Drosophila. EMBO J. 1985 Dec 16;4(13A):3489–3499. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb04108.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Levy L. S., Manning J. E. Expression of a set of head-specific genes during Drosophila development. Dev Biol. 1982 Dec;94(2):465–476. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(82)90363-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lucchesi J. C., Manning J. E. Gene dosage compensation in Drosophila melanogaster. Adv Genet. 1987;24:371–429. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2660(08)60013-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maroni G., Lucchesi J. C. X-chromosome transcription in Drosophila. Chromosoma. 1980;77(3):253–261. doi: 10.1007/BF00286051. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Marsh J. L., Gibbs P. D., Timmons P. M. Developmental control of transduced dopa decarboxylase genes in D. melanogaster. Mol Gen Genet. 1985;198(3):393–403. doi: 10.1007/BF00332929. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McNabb S. L., Beckendorf S. K. Cis-acting sequences which regulate expression of the Sgs-4 glue protein gene of Drosophila. EMBO J. 1986 Sep;5(9):2331–2340. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04501.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Meyerowitz E. M., Hogness D. S. Molecular organization of a Drosophila puff site that responds to ecdysone. Cell. 1982 Jan;28(1):165–176. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90386-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Muskavitch M. A., Hogness D. S. An expandable gene that encodes a Drosophila glue protein is not expressed in variants lacking remote upstream sequences. Cell. 1982 Jul;29(3):1041–1051. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90467-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'Connell P. O., Rosbash M. Sequence, structure, and codon preference of the Drosophila ribosomal protein 49 gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jul 11;12(13):5495–5513. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.13.5495. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pardue M. L., Lowenhaupt K., Rich A., Nordheim A. (dC-dA)n.(dG-dT)n sequences have evolutionarily conserved chromosomal locations in Drosophila with implications for roles in chromosome structure and function. EMBO J. 1987 Jun;6(6):1781–1789. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02431.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pirrotta V., Steller H., Bozzetti M. P. Multiple upstream regulatory elements control the expression of the Drosophila white gene. EMBO J. 1985 Dec 16;4(13A):3501–3508. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb04109.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Powell D., Sato J. D., Brock H. W., Roberts D. B. Regulation of synthesis of the larval serum proteins of Drosophila melanogaster. Dev Biol. 1984 Mar;102(1):206–215. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(84)90185-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Roberts D. B., Evans-Roberts S. The X-linked alpha-chain gene of Drosophila LSP-1 does not show dosage compensation. Nature. 1979 Aug 23;280(5724):691–692. doi: 10.1038/280691a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rubin G. M., Spradling A. C. Genetic transformation of Drosophila with transposable element vectors. Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):348–353. doi: 10.1126/science.6289436. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rubin G. M., Spradling A. C. Vectors for P element-mediated gene transfer in Drosophila. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Sep 24;11(18):6341–6351. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.18.6341. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Scholnick S. B., Morgan B. A., Hirsh J. The cloned dopa decarboxylase gene is developmentally regulated when reintegrated into the Drosophila genome. Cell. 1983 Aug;34(1):37–45. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90134-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith D. F., McClelland A., White B. N., Addison C. F., Glover D. M. The molecular cloning of a dispersed set of developmentally regulated genes which encode the major larval serum protein of D. melanogaster. Cell. 1981 Feb;23(2):441–449. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90139-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spradling A. C., Rubin G. M. The effect of chromosomal position on the expression of the Drosophila xanthine dehydrogenase gene. Cell. 1983 Aug;34(1):47–57. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90135-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thomas P. S. Hybridization of denatured RNA and small DNA fragments transferred to nitrocellulose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Sep;77(9):5201–5205. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.9.5201. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vigue C., Sofer W. Chemical selection of mutants that affect ADH activity in Drosophila. III. Effects of ethanol. Biochem Genet. 1976 Feb;14(1-2):127–135. doi: 10.1007/BF00484879. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]