Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 May 23.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2013 Mar 24;496(7444):238–242. doi: 10.1038/nature11986

Fig. 3. Succinate is induced by LPS to drive HIF-1α-induced IL-1β expression.

Fig. 3

(A) Glucose utilization over time, as a ratio of ECAR:OCR in LPS-treated BMDMs, analysed on the Seahorse XF-24. (B) Succinate abundance in LPS-stimulated BMDMs pretreated ± 2DG (1, 5, 10mM). (C, D) LPS-stimulated BMDMs pretreated ± 5mM diethylsuccinate or butylmalonate (1mM) for 3 h. n=3. (E) Succinyl-lysine expression and corresponding IL-1β in LPS-stimulated BMDMs ± 2DG (1, 5, 10mM) pretreatment for 3h. (J) Average emPAI values (exponentially modified protein abundance index) as a measure of relative abundance of proteins listed in Supplementary Table 1. Error bars, s.e.m, * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.