Table 2.
HRs (95% CI) for type 2 diabetes by duration of breast-feeding, EPIC-Potsdam study
| Ever breast-fed | Cumulative duration of breast-feeding | Per additional 6 months of breast-feeding | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | 0 | ≤3 weeks | >3 weeks to <2 months | ≥2 months to <6 months | ≥6 months | ||
| n cases | 49 | 177 | 49 | 31 | 38 | 66 | 42 | 226 |
| Age-adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1 (Ref.) | 0.62 (0.43, 0.88) | 1 (Ref.) | 0.76 (0.46, 1.27) | 0.65 (0.40, 1.04) | 0.67 (0.44, 1.03) | 0.46 (0.29, 0.73) | 0.84 (0.68, 1.04) |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI) model I | 1 | 0.66 (0.45, 0.97) | 1 | 0.87 (0.51, 1.51) | 0.68 (0.40, 1.15) | 0.75 (0.48, 1.20) | 0.46 (0.28, 0.76) | 0.83 (0.67, 1.03) |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI) model II | 1 | 0.55 (0.36, 0.82) | 1 | 0.80 (0.46, 1.37) | 0.57 (0.33, 0.98) | 0.62 (0.39, 1.00) | 0.31 (0.18, 0.55) | 0.73 (0.56, 0.94) |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI) model III | 1 | 0.59 (0.39, 0.89) | 1 | 0.87 (0.50, 1.52) | 0.57 (0.33, 0.98) | 0.69 (0.43, 1.13) | 0.34 (0.19, 0.60) | 0.73 (0.57, 0.95) |
| Adjusted HR (95% CI) model IV | 1 | 0.77 (0.47, 1.25) | 1 | 1.16 (0.62, 2.19) | 0.77 (0.43, 1.41) | 0.82 (0.47, 1.41) | 0.47 (0.25, 0.89) | 0.80 (0.61, 1.04) |
Model I: adjusted for age at baseline, marital status, education, occupation, smoking, sport, cycling, alcohol intake, coffee consumption, intake of red meat, intake of whole-grain bread
Model II: model I + age at birth of last child, number of children, duration of oral contraceptive use
Model III: model II + BMI at age of 25 years
Model IV: model III + BMI at baseline examination, waist circumference at baseline examination
n = 1,262