Table 4.
HRs (95% CI) for type 2 diabetes by duration of breast-feeding with adjustment for biochemical mediators, EPIC-Potsdam study
| Ever breast-fed | Cumulative duration of breast-feeding | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | 0 | ≤3 weeks | >3 weeks to <2 months | ≥2 months to <6 months | ≥6 months | Per additional 6 months of breast-feeding | |
| n cases | 49 | 177 | 49 | 31 | 38 | 66 | 42 | 226 |
| Model I | 1 | 0.77 (0.47, 1.25) | 1 | 1.16 (0.62, 2.19) | 0.77 (0.43, 1.41) | 0.82 (0.47, 1.41) | 0.47 (0.25, 0.89) | 0.80 (0.61, 1.04) |
| Model I + HDL, LDL, triacylglycerols | 1 | 0.88 (0.55, 1.42) | 1 | 1.38 (0.71, 2.69) | 0.93 (0.51, 1.67) | 0.91 (0.53, 1.57) | 0.55 (0.29, 1.02) | 0.85 (0.66, 1.09) |
| Model I + CRP | 1 | 0.73 (0.45, 1.18) | 1 | 1.11 (0.59, 2.08) | 0.72 (0.39, 1.32) | 0.77 (0.45, 1.33) | 0.47 (0.25, 0.88) | 0.81 (0.62, 1.06) |
| Model I + fetuin-A, GGT | 1 | 0.78 (0.48, 1.26) | 1 | 1.24 (0.66, 2.33) | 0.78 (0.43, 1.42) | 0.83 (0.48, 1.42) | 0.47 (0.24, 0.90) | 0.81 (0.62, 1.06) |
| Model I + adiponectin | 1 | 0.91 (0.57, 1.45) | 1 | 1.64 (0.90, 3.00) | 0.91 (0.51, 1.64) | 0.93 (0.54, 1.59) | 0.58 (0.31, 1.07) | 0.84 (0.64, 1.10) |
| Model I + HDL, LDL, triacylglycerols + CRP + fetuin-A, GGT + adiponectin | 1 | 0.95 (0.59, 1.53) | 1 | 1.74 (0.91, 3.32) | 1.00 (0.55, 1.83) | 0.91 (0.53, 1.58) | 0.62 (0.33, 1.16) | 0.89 (0.68, 1.16) |
GGT, γ-glutamyltransferase
Model I adjusted for age at baseline, marital status, education, occupation, smoking, sport, cycling, alcohol intake, coffee consumption, intake of red meat, intake of whole-grain bread, age at birth of last child, number of children, duration of oral contraceptive use, BMI at age of 25 years, BMI and waist circumference at baseline examination. n = 1,262