The dates provided for baseline examinations are incorrect in the Abstract and Tables 1 and 2. The correct 5th sentence of the Abstract is:
Table 1. Characteristics of the female study participants by baseline age group and smoking categories.
| Women 46-49 years old | Women 71-74 years old | |||||||||||
| All subjectsc | Smoking categoriesb | P for trendd | All subjectsc | Smoking categoriesb | P for trendd | |||||||
| Never | Former | Moderate | Heavy | Never | Former | Moderate | Heavy | |||||
| Number of participants | 1821 (100) | 728 (40.0) | 423 (23.2) | 341 (18.7) | 329 (18.1) | 1126 (100) | 677 (60.1) | 275 (24.4) | 108 (9.6) | 66 (5.9) | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.8 (4.0) | 25.2 (4.3) | 25.1 (3.9) | 24.9 (3.9) | 23.6 (3.5) | <0.001 | 26.2 (4.2) | 26.3 (3.9) | 27.1 (4.6) | 25.0 (4.3) | 23.0 (3.4) | <0.001 |
| Total fat mass (kg) | 24.5 (9.7) | 25.4 (10.1) | 25.1 (9.7) | 24.7 (9.8) | 21.5 (8.2) | <0.001 | 27.0 (9.6) | 27.3 (9.1) | 29.1 (10.4) | 24.0 (9.3) | 20.2 (8.0) | <0.001 |
| Total lean mass (kg) | 40.3 (4.5) | 40.5 (4.6) | 40.5 (4.2) | 40.5 (4.9) | 39.6 (4.4) | 0.006 | 37.6 (4.3) | 37.8 (4.0) | 38.0 (4.4) | 37.0 (4.7) | 35.1 (4.5) | <0.001 |
| Fat mass (%) | 36.6 (7.8) | 37.3 (7.8) | 37.1 (7.6) | 36.8 (7.6) | 34.2 (7.8) | <0.001 | 40.6 (8.2) | 40.9 (7.7) | 42.2 (8.1) | 38.0 (9.1) | 35.3 (8.7) | <0.001 |
| Fat mass <15% | 6 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 0 | 5 (1.5) | 8 (0.7) | 2 (0.3) | 1 (0.4) | 3 (2.8) | 2 (3.0) | ||
| Fat mass >40% | 577 (31.7) | 263 (36.1) | 138 (32.6) | 108 (31.7) | 68 (20.7) | <0.001 | 635 (56.4) | 396 (58.5) | 173 (62.9) | 46 (42.6) | 20 (30.3) | <0.001 |
| Total energy (kJ/day) | 7947.0 (2340.0) | 7827.8 (2193.7) | 8042.5 (2191.4) | 8140.2 (2642.8) | 7879.3 (2489.6) | 0.381 | 6575.9 (2221.1) | 6561.3 (2183.5) | 6573.4 (2188.9) | 6625.2 (2427.0) | 6666.5 (2470.3) | 0.701 |
| No regular physical activity | 655 (36.4) | 241 (33.6) | 140 (33.3) | 116 (34.6) | 158 (48.2) | <0.001 | 443 (43.1) | 273 (44.5) | 94 (36.4) | 51 (51.5) | 25 (43.1) | 0.987 |
| Estrogen supplementation | 342 (25.1) | 96 (17.9) | 99 (30.6) | 77 (30.9) | 70 (27.5) | <0.001 | 125 (14.9) | 72 (14.6) | 29 (13.6) | 15 (17.6) | 9 (18.8) | 0.406 |
| Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) | 0.96 (0.12) | 0.98 (0.13) | 0.96 (0.12) | 0.95 (0.12) | 0.93 (0.13) | <0.001 | 0.76 (0.11) | 0.77 (0.11) | 0.77 (0.12) | 0.74 (0.12) | 0.73 (0.13) | 0.002 |
| Hip fracture during follow-upe | 4 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | 2 (0.5) | - | 1 (0.3) | 0.858 | 100 (8.9) | 51 (7.5) | 22 (8.0) | 9 (8.3) | 18 (27.3) | <0.001 |
The Hordaland Health Studya
Abbreviations: BMD, bone mineral density; BMI, body mass index.
Values are given as mean (standard deviation (SD)) for continuous variables and number (%) for categorical variables.
Never smoking, plasma cotinine levels <85 nmol/L and no self-reported previous smoking; former smoking, self-reported previous smoking and plasma
cotinine levels <85 nmol/L; moderate smoking, plasma cotinine levels between 85 and 1199 nmol/L; heavy smoking, plasma cotinine levels ≥1200 nmol/L.
Number of participants with data on femoral neck BMD, body soft tissue composition and plasma cotinine.
P-value for trend across smoking categories.
Hip fractures from inclusion in 1998-2000 until December 31st, 2009.
Total numbers may vary between variables due to varying numbers of missing data.
Table 2. Characteristics of the male study participants by baseline age group and smoking categories.
| Men 46-49 years old | Men 71-74 years old | |||||||||||
| All subjectsc | Smoking categoriesb | P for trendd | All subjectsc | Smoking categoriesb | P for trendd | |||||||
| Never | Former | Moderate | Heavy | Never | Former | Moderate | Heavy | |||||
| Number of participants | 1182 (100) | 404 (34.2) | 349 (29.5) | 188 (15.9) | 241 (20.4) | 965 (100) | 245 (25.4) | 555 (57.5) | 87 (9.0) | 78 (8.1) | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.2 (3.3) | 25.9 (3.2) | 26.8 (3.4) | 26.4 (3.3) | 25.6 (3.3) | 0.379 | 26.0 (3.1) | 25.8 (3.0) | 26.3 (3.0) | 25.7 (3.5) | 24.3 (3.3) | 0.002 |
| Total fat mass (kg) | 20.6 (9.0) | 19.6 (8.4) | 22.5 (9.7) | 20.8 (8.4) | 19.4 (8.9) | 0.690 | 21.2 (8.5) | 19.9 (7.9) | 22.4 (8.5) | 20.4 (8.6) | 17.8 (7.9) | 0.202 |
| Total lean mass (kg) | 59.9 (6.2) | 60.0 (6.1) | 60.9 (6.2) | 60.2 (6.2) | 58.4 (6.0) | 0.003 | 55.0 (5.8) | 55.4 (5.7) | 55.3 (5.8) | 53.9 (5.5) | 53.6 (6.0) | 0.005 |
| Fat mass (%) | 24.7 (7.4) | 23.9 (7.2) | 26.1 (7.3) | 24.9 (7.1) | 23.9 (7.8) | 0.981 | 27.0 (7.4) | 25.7 (7.3) | 28.1 (7.2) | 26.6 (7.1) | 23.9 (7.7) | 0.315 |
| Fat mass <15% | 107 (9.1) | 43 (10.6) | 19 (5.4) | 14 (7.4) | 31 (12.9) | 55 (5.7) | 19 (7.8) | 20 (3.6) | 5 (5.7) | 11 (14.1) | ||
| Fat mass >40% | 31 (2.6) | 9 (2.2) | 14 (4.0) | 3 (1.6) | 5 (2.1) | 0.360 | 34 (3.5) | 7 (2.9) | 24 (4.3) | 3 (3.4) | 0 | 0.119 |
| Total energy (kJ/day) | 10547.4 (2870.6) | 10415.7 (2632.0) | 10509.4 (2799.1) | 10409.1 (2985.2) | 10953.5 (3252.8) | 0.073 | 8605.6 (2471.1) | 8775.5 (2467.6) | 8510.1 (2502.8) | 8531.2 (2528.9) | 8858.3 (2157.0) | 0.878 |
| No regular physical activity | 445 (38.0) | 131 (32.7) | 126 (36.3) | 75 (40.3) | 113 (47.7) | <0.001 | 273 (29.3) | 58 (24.3) | 156 (29.2) | 40 (47.6) | 19 (25.3) | 0.059 |
| Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2) | 0.99 (0.13) | 1.00 (0.13) | 1.00 (0.14) | 0.97 (0.13) | 0.95 (0.12) | <0.001 | 0.90 (0.14) | 0.93 (0.15) | 0.90 (0.14) | 0.86 (0.12) | 0.86 (0.14) | <0.001 |
| Hip fracture during follow-upe | 4 (0.3) | 2 (0.5) | 2 (0.6) | - | - | 0.231 | 52 (5.4) | 10 (4.1) | 29 (5.2) | 6 (6.9) | 7 (9.0) | 0.079 |
The Hordaland Health Studya
Abbreviations: BMD, bone mineral density; BMI, body mass index.
Values are given as mean (standard deviation (SD)) for continuous variables and number (%) for categorical variables.
Never smoking, plasma cotinine levels <85 nmol/L and no self-reported previous smoking; former smoking, self-reported previous smoking and plasma
cotinine levels <85 nmol/L; moderate smoking, plasma cotinine levels between 85 and 1199 nmol/L; heavy smoking, plasma cotinine levels ≥1200 nmol/L.
Number of participants with data on femoral neck BMD, body soft tissue composition and plasma cotinine.
P-value for trend across smoking categories.
Hip fractures from inclusion in 1998-2000 until December 31st, 2009.
Total numbers may vary between variables due to varying numbers of missing data.
“Information on hip fracture was obtained from computerized records containing discharge diagnoses for hospitalizations between baseline examinations 1998–2000 through December 31st, 2009.”
The authors have provided a correct version of Table 1 and Table 2 below.
Reference
- 1. Øyen J, Gram Gjesdal C, Nygård OK, Lie SA, Meyer HE (2014) Smoking and Body Fat Mass in Relation to Bone Mineral Density and Hip Fracture: The Hordaland Health Study. PLoS ONE 9 3: e92882 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0092882 [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]