Abstract
A discrete, 600-nucleotide-long plus-strand DNA has been identified among the products of reverse transcription by virions of Moloney murine leukemia virus. Its polarity was shown by hybridization to minus-strand DNA. It appears to be copied from the right end of minus-strand DNA because (i) its restriction endonuclease cleavage pattern corresponds to the redundant 600-base segment found at either end of the ultimate double-stranded reverse transcription products, (ii) its synthesis is actinomycin D sensitive, and (iii) its synthesis begins during the first hour of a reverse transcription reaction when only the right-hand end of minus-strand DNA is available as template. We therefore call this DNA plus-strong-stop DNA by analogy with the minus-strong-stop DNA copied from the left end of the viral RNA. Both strong-stop DNAs are made early during in vitro reactions and decline in concentration later, consistent with postulated roles as initiators of long minus- and plus-strand DNA. Unlike minus-strong-stop DNA, plus-strong-stop DNA remains as a double-stranded nucleic acid after its synthesis, as shown by S1 nuclease resistance. A primer to initiate plus-strong-stop DNA synthesis has not been identified; the product found thus far has no detectable RNA attached to it.
Full text
PDF




Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Baltimore D., Gilboa E., Rothenberg E., Yoshimura F. Production of a discrete, infectious, double-stranded DNA by reverse transcription in virions of Moloney murine leukemia virus. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1979;43(Pt 2):869–874. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1979.043.01.093. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Coffin J. M., Hageman T. C., Maxam A. M., Haseltine W. A. Structure of the genome of Moloney murine leukemia virus: a terminally redundant sequence. Cell. 1978 Apr;13(4):761–773. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90226-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Enea V., Zinder N. D. Guanidinium-CsCl density gradients for isopycnic analysis of nucleic acids. Science. 1975 Nov 7;190(4214):584–586. doi: 10.1126/science.1188358. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gilboa E., Goff S., Shields A., Yoshimura F., Mitra S., Baltimore D. In vitro synthesis of a 9 kbp terminally redundant DNA carrying the infectivity of Moloney murine leukemia virus. Cell. 1979 Apr;16(4):863–874. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90101-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gilboa E., Mitra S. W., Goff S., Baltimore D. A detailed model of reverse transcription and tests of crucial aspects. Cell. 1979 Sep;18(1):93–100. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90357-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Haseltine W. A., Kleid D. G., Panet A., Rothenberg E., Baltimore D. Ordered transcription of RNA tumor virus genomes. J Mol Biol. 1976 Sep 5;106(1):109–131. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(76)90303-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hsu T. W., Sabran J. L., Mark G. E., Guntaka R. V., Taylor J. M. Analysis of unintegrated avian RNA tumor virus double-stranded DNA intermediates. J Virol. 1978 Dec;28(3):810–818. doi: 10.1128/jvi.28.3.810-818.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KAHAN E., KAHAN F. M., HURWITZ J. The role of deoxyribonucleic acid in ribonucleic acid synthesis. VI. Specificity of action of actinomycin D. J Biol Chem. 1963 Jul;238:2491–2497. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. A new method for sequencing DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Feb;74(2):560–564. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.2.560. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rothenberg E., Donoghue D. J., Baltimore D. Analysis of a 5' leader sequence on murine leukemia virus 21S RNA: heteroduplex mapping with long reverse transcriptase products. Cell. 1978 Mar;13(3):435–451. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90318-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shank P. R., Hughes S. H., Kung H. J., Majors J. E., Quintrell N., Guntaka R. V., Bishop J. M., Varmus H. E. Mapping unintegrated avian sarcoma virus DNA: termini of linear DNA bear 300 nucleotides present once or twice in two species of circular DNA. Cell. 1978 Dec;15(4):1383–1395. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90063-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Varmus H. E., Heasley S., Kung H. J., Oppermann H., Smith V. C., Bishop J. M., Shank P. R. Kinetics of synthesis, structure and purification of avian sarcoma virus-specific DNA made in the cytoplasm of acutely infected cells. J Mol Biol. 1978 Mar 25;120(1):55–82. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90295-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]