Table 1.

Participant characteristics.

	Mean	SD
Age	55.1	22.2
Female/Male	96/54
Educationa	4.1	1.5
MMSEb	29.1	0.9
Shipley Vocabularyc	34.6	3.8
CVLT-II Forward Serial Clustering	0.7	1.4
CVLT-II Semantic Clustering	2.0	2.4
CVLT-II Immediate Recall	54.1	10.8

MMSE = Mini-Mental State Exam. CVLT-II = California Verbal Learning Test - II.

^aeducation code: 1 = less than high school graduate, 2 = high school graduate/GED, 3 = some college or trade, technical, or business school, 4 = Bachelor's degree, 5 = some graduate work, 6 = Master's degree, 7 = M.D., J.D., Ph.D., or other advanced degree.

^brange = 27 - 30.

^cn = 149.