Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1995 Jul 18;92(15):6748–6752. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.15.6748

Sex proportions of Haemoproteus blood parasites and local mate competition.

D Shutler 1, G F Bennett 1, A Mullie 1
PMCID: PMC41406  PMID: 7624315

Abstract

Recent genetic evidence suggests that parasitic protozoa often reproduce by "selfing," defined as sexual stages from a single, clonal lineage fertilizing each other. Selfing favors production of an excess of female over male progeny. We tested whether the proportion of male gametocytes of blood parasites of the genus Haemoproteus was affected by variables that could influence the probability of selfing. Proportions of male Haemoproteus gametocytes from 11 passerine host populations were not affected by the age of the parasites' avian hosts, date in season, sex of host, intensity of host's infection, or prevalence of parasites within host populations.

Full text

PDF
6748

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Atkinson C. T. Epizootiology of Haemoproteus meleagridis (Protozoa: Haemosporina) in Florida: potential vectors and prevalence in naturally infected Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). J Med Entomol. 1988 Jan;25(1):39–44. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/25.1.39. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Atkinson C. T., Forrester D. J., Greiner E. C. Epizootiology of Haemoproteus meleagridis (Protozoa: Haemosporina) in Florida: seasonal transmission and vector abundance. J Med Entomol. 1988 Jan;25(1):45–51. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/25.1.45. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bennett G. F., Cameron M., White E. Hematozoa of the passeriforms of the Tantramar Marshes, New Brunswick. Can J Zool. 1975 Oct;53(10):1432–1442. doi: 10.1139/z75-174. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bennett G. F., Campbell A. G., Cameron M. Hematozoa of passeriform birds from insular Newfoundland. Can J Zool. 1974 Jun;52(6):765–772. doi: 10.1139/z74-100. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bennett G. F., Coombs R. F. Ornithophilic vectors of avian hematozoa in insular Newfoundland. Can J Zool. 1975 Sep;53(9):1241–1246. doi: 10.1139/z75-148. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bennett G. F., Okian O., Cameron M. F. Avian hematozoa of some Ugandan birds. J Wildl Dis. 1974 Oct;10(4):458–465. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-10.4.458. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. CHERNIN E. The relapse phenomenon in the Leucocytozoon simondi infection of the domestic duck. Am J Hyg. 1952 Sep;56(2):101–118. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a119545. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Conway D. J., McBride J. S. Population genetics of Plasmodium falciparum within a malaria hyperendemic area. Parasitology. 1991 Aug;103(Pt 1):7–16. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000059229. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Day K. P., Koella J. C., Nee S., Gupta S., Read A. F. Population genetics and dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum: an ecological view. Parasitology. 1992;104 (Suppl):S35–S52. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000075235. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Dye C., Godfray H. C. On sex ratio and inbreeding in malaria parasite populations. J Theor Biol. 1993 Mar 7;161(1):131–134. doi: 10.1006/jtbi.1993.1045. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Dye C. Population genetics of nonclonal, nonrandomly mating malaria parasites. Parasitol Today. 1991 Sep;7(9):236–240. doi: 10.1016/0169-4758(91)90236-h. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hamilton W. D. Extraordinary sex ratios. A sex-ratio theory for sex linkage and inbreeding has new implications in cytogenetics and entomology. Science. 1967 Apr 28;156(3774):477–488. doi: 10.1126/science.156.3774.477. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Pujol C., Reynes J., Renaud F., Raymond M., Tibayrenc M., Ayala F. J., Janbon F., Mallié M., Bastide J. M. The yeast Candida albicans has a clonal mode of reproduction in a population of infected human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Oct 15;90(20):9456–9459. doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.20.9456. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ranford-Cartwright L. C., Balfe P., Carter R., Walliker D. Frequency of cross-fertilization in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitology. 1993 Jul;107(Pt 1):11–18. doi: 10.1017/s003118200007935x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Read A. F., Narara A., Nee S., Keymer A. E., Day K. P. Gametocyte sex ratios as indirect measures of outcrossing rates in malaria. Parasitology. 1992 Jun;104(Pt 3):387–395. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000063630. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Richie T. L. Interactions between malaria parasites infecting the same vertebrate host. Parasitology. 1988 Jun;96(Pt 3):607–639. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000080227. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Schall J. J. The sex ratio of Plasmodium gametocytes. Parasitology. 1989 Jun;98(Pt 3):343–350. doi: 10.1017/s0031182000061412. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Tibayrenc M., Ayala F. J. Towards a population genetics of microorganisms: The clonal theory of parasitic protozoa. Parasitol Today. 1991 Sep;7(9):228–232. doi: 10.1016/0169-4758(91)90234-f. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Tibayrenc M., Kjellberg F., Arnaud J., Oury B., Brenière S. F., Dardé M. L., Ayala F. J. Are eukaryotic microorganisms clonal or sexual? A population genetics vantage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jun 15;88(12):5129–5133. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.12.5129. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Tibayrenc M., Kjellberg F., Ayala F. J. A clonal theory of parasitic protozoa: the population structures of Entamoeba, Giardia, Leishmania, Naegleria, Plasmodium, Trichomonas, and Trypanosoma and their medical and taxonomical consequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Apr;87(7):2414–2418. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.7.2414. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Walliker D. Malaria parasites: Randomly interbreeding or 'clonal' populations? Parasitol Today. 1991 Sep;7(9):232–235. doi: 10.1016/0169-4758(91)90235-g. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Werren J. H. Sex ratio adaptations to local mate competition in a parasitic wasp. Science. 1980 Jun 6;208(4448):1157–1159. doi: 10.1126/science.208.4448.1157. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. When are parasites clonal? Nature. 1990 Nov 8;348(6297):120–120. doi: 10.1038/348120a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. When are parasites clonal? Nature. 1990 Nov 8;348(6297):120–120. doi: 10.1038/348120a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES