Skip to main content
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1979 Feb;23(2):219–223. doi: 10.1128/iai.23.2.219-223.1979

Delayed-type hypersensitivity against Semliki Forest virus in mice.

C A Kraaijeveld, M Harmsen, B Khader Boutahar-Trouw
PMCID: PMC414151  PMID: 422238

Abstract

After intracutaneous immunization with purified inactivated Semliki Forest virus, a delayed-type hypersensitivity without detectable antibodies in serum was obtained in BALB/c mice. Low doses of antigen given intraperitoneally induced antibodies. Intracutaneous immunization with much higher doses induced no specific antibodies, but a footpad swelling was observed after challenge with homolgous antigen. Pretreatment with cyclophosphamide before immunization enhanced footpad swelling. Microscopic examination of footpads from sensitized mice at 24 h after challenge showed a mononuclear infiltrate. The delayed-type reaction could be transferred to syngenic mice with lymph node cells, but not with spleen cells or serum. The biphasic character of the delayed-type hypersensitivity is discussed.

Full text

PDF
219

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Acheson N. H., Tamm I. Replication of Semliki Forest virus: an electron microscopic study. Virology. 1967 May;32(1):128–143. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(67)90261-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bradish C. J., Allner K., Maber H. B. The virulence of original and derived strains of Semliki forest virus for mice, guinea-pigs and rabbits. J Gen Virol. 1971 Aug;12(2):141–160. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-12-2-141. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Burns W., Billups L. C., Notkins A. L. Thymus dependence of viral antigens. Nature. 1975 Aug 21;256(5519):654–656. doi: 10.1038/256654a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. DULBECCO R., VOGT M. Plaque formation and isolation of pure lines with poliomyelitis viruses. J Exp Med. 1954 Feb;99(2):167–182. doi: 10.1084/jem.99.2.167. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Fleming P. Age-dependent and strain-related differences of virulence of Semliki Forest virus in mice. J Gen Virol. 1977 Oct;37(1):93–105. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-37-1-93. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gardner I. D., Blanden R. V. The cell-mediated immune response to ectromelia virus infection. II. Secondary response in vitro and kinetics of memory T cell production in vivo. Cell Immunol. 1976 Mar 15;22(2):283–296. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(76)90030-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Garoff H., Simons K., Renkonen O. Isolation and characterization of the membrane proteins of Semliki Forest virus. Virology. 1974 Oct;61(2):493–504. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(74)90285-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Henderson B. E., Metselaar D., Kirya G. B., Timms G. L. Investigations into yellow fever virus and other arboviruses in the northern regions of Kenya. Bull World Health Organ. 1970;42(5):787–795. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. KEUNING F. J., van der MEER, NIEUWENHUIS P., OUDENDIJK P. The histophysiology of the antibody response. II. Antibody responses and splenic plasma cell reaction in sublethally x-irradiated rabbits. Lab Invest. 1963 Feb;12:156–170. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Kaluza G. Early synthesis of Semliki Forest virus-specific proteins in infected chicken cells. J Virol. 1976 Jul;19(1):1–12. doi: 10.1128/jvi.19.1.1-12.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kerckhaert J. A., Hofhuis F. M., Willers J. M. Effects of variation in time and dose of cyclophosphamide injection on delayed hypersensitivity and antibody formation. Cell Immunol. 1977 Mar 15;29(2):232–237. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(77)90318-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Rabinowitz S. G., Adler W. H. Host defenses during primary Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus infection in mice. I. Passive transfer of protection with immune serum and immune cells. J Immunol. 1973 May;110(5):1345–1353. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Ramshaw I. A., Bretscher P. A., Parish C. R. Regulation of the immune response. I. Suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity by T cells from mice expressing humoral immunity. Eur J Immunol. 1976 Oct;6(10):674–679. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830061003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Rodda S. J., White D. O. Cytotoxic macrophages: a rapid nonspecific response to viral infection. J Immunol. 1976 Dec;117(6):2067–2072. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. SALVIN S. B. Occurrence of delayed hypersensitivity during the development of Arthus type hypersensitivity. J Exp Med. 1958 Jan 1;107(1):109–124. doi: 10.1084/jem.107.1.109. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Utermann G., Simons K. Studies on the amphipathic nature of the membrane proteins in Semliki Forest virus. J Mol Biol. 1974 Jan 5;85(4):569–587. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(74)90316-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Van Dijk H., Versteeg H., Hennink H. J. A semi-electronic device for measuring delayed hypersensitivity in the mouse by footpad swelling. J Immunol Methods. 1976;12(3-4):261–265. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(76)90047-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Yamane I., Matsuya Y., Jimbo K. An autoclavable powdered culture medium for mammalian cells. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1968 Jan;127(1):335–336. doi: 10.3181/00379727-127-32685. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES