Aβ soluble oligomers (25 μM) were incubated with each small molecule shown in (A) for 4 h, and analyzed using (B) dot blots probed with conformation-specific (A11, soluble oligomer) and sequence-specific (6E10) antibodies, (C) PC12 cell toxicity assay (n=3), (D) AFM, and (E) ANS fluorescence. In (D), soluble oligomers were incubated with the vehicle (1% DMSO) or 200 μM compound, and each image is 3 × 3 μm or (inset is 0.5 × 0.5 μm).