Abstract
An enterotoxic factor isolated from cultures of Salmonella yielded reproducible results in the suckling mouse model in contrast to other animal models. The enterotoxin appears to possess properties similar to both the heat-stable and heat-labile enterotoxins of Escherichia coli. Preliminary results indicate that the toxin is a protein, is located in the cell wall or outer-membrane fraction, and is difficult to separate from other cell wall constituents.
Full text
PDF![14](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6fe1/415019/4c527ab0688a/iai00229-0028.png)
![15](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6fe1/415019/b413b7ad29ce/iai00229-0029.png)
![16](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6fe1/415019/e2c2e34c2807/iai00229-0030.png)
![17](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6fe1/415019/1138e28b0eaf/iai00229-0031.png)
![18](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6fe1/415019/0773404b9ca1/iai00229-0032.png)
![19](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6fe1/415019/e6e0fb30e4b7/iai00229-0033.png)
![20](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6fe1/415019/611998b81688/iai00229-0034.png)
![21](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6fe1/415019/540acaf057e1/iai00229-0035.png)
![22](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6fe1/415019/79a089f29f4b/iai00229-0036.png)
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- DePamphilis M. L. Dissociation and reassembly of Escherichia coli outer membrane and of lipopolysaccharide, and their reassembly onto flagellar basal bodies. J Bacteriol. 1971 Mar;105(3):1184–1199. doi: 10.1128/jb.105.3.1184-1199.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dean A. G., Ching Y. C., Williams R. G., Harden L. B. Test for Escherichia coli enterotoxin using infant mice: application in a study of diarrhea in children in Honolulu. J Infect Dis. 1972 Apr;125(4):407–411. doi: 10.1093/infdis/125.4.407. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Donta S. T., Smith D. M. Stimulation of steroidogenesis in tissue culture by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and its neutralization by specific antiserum. Infect Immun. 1974 Mar;9(3):500–505. doi: 10.1128/iai.9.3.500-505.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Evans D. G., Evans D. J., Jr, Pierce N. F. Differences in the response of rabbit small intestine to heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxins of Escherichia coli. Infect Immun. 1973 Jun;7(6):873–880. doi: 10.1128/iai.7.6.873-880.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Finkelstein R. A., Atthasampunna P., Chulasamaya M., Charunmethee P. Pathogenesis of experimental cholera: biologic ativities of purified procholeragen A. J Immunol. 1966 Mar;96(3):440–449. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Finkelstein R. A., LoSpalluto J. J. Crystalline cholera toxin and toxoid. Science. 1972 Feb 4;175(4021):529–530. doi: 10.1126/science.175.4021.529. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Finkelstein R. A., Vasil M. L., Holmes R. K. Studies on toxinogenesis in Vibrio cholerae. I. Isolation of mutants with altered toxinogenicity. J Infect Dis. 1974 Feb;129(2):117–123. doi: 10.1093/infdis/129.2.117. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Formal S. B., Dupont H. L., Hornick R. B. Enterotoxic diarrheal syndromes. Annu Rev Med. 1973;24:103–110. doi: 10.1146/annurev.me.24.020173.000535. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gyles C. L., Barnum D. A. A heat-labile enterotoxin from strains of Eschericha coli enteropathogenic for pigs. J Infect Dis. 1969 Oct;120(4):419–426. doi: 10.1093/infdis/120.4.419. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jacks T. M., Wu B. J., Braemer A. C., Bidlack D. E. Properties of the enterotoxic component in Escherichia coli enteropathogenic for swine. Infect Immun. 1973 Feb;7(2):178–189. doi: 10.1128/iai.7.2.178-189.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lospalluto J. J., Finkelstein R. A. Chemical and physical properties of cholera exo-enterotoxin (choleragen) and its spontaneously formed toxoid (choleragenoid). Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Jan 26;257(1):158–166. doi: 10.1016/0005-2795(72)90265-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Moon H. W., Whipp S. C., Engstrom G. W., Baetz A. L. Response of the rabbit ileal loop to cell-free products from Escherichia coli enteropathogenic for swine. J Infect Dis. 1970 Feb;121(2):182–187. doi: 10.1093/infdis/121.2.182. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- OSBORN M. J. STUDIES ON THE GRAM-NEGATIVE CELL WALL. I. EVIDENCE FOR THE ROLE OF 2-KETO- 3-DEOXYOCTONATE IN THE LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1963 Sep;50:499–506. doi: 10.1073/pnas.50.3.499. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Osborn M. J., Gander J. E., Parisi E., Carson J. Mechanism of assembly of the outer membrane of Salmonella typhimurium. Isolation and characterization of cytoplasmic and outer membrane. J Biol Chem. 1972 Jun 25;247(12):3962–3972. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pike R. M., Chandler C. H. The spontaneous release of somatic antigen from Vibrio cholerae. J Gen Microbiol. 1974 Mar;81(1):59–67. doi: 10.1099/00221287-81-1-59. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Punyashthiti K., Finkelstein R. A. Enteropathogenicity of Escherichia coli. I. Evaluation of mouse intestinal loops. Infect Immun. 1971 Oct;4(4):473–478. doi: 10.1128/iai.4.4.473-478.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sack R. B., Gorbach S. L., Banwell J. G., Jacobs B., Chatterjee B. D., Mitra R. C. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from patients with severe cholera-like disease. J Infect Dis. 1971 Apr;123(4):378–385. doi: 10.1093/infdis/123.4.378. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schnaitman C. A. Examination of the protein composition of the cell envelope of Escherichia coli by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. J Bacteriol. 1970 Nov;104(2):882–889. doi: 10.1128/jb.104.2.882-889.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schnaitman C. A. Protein composition of the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1970 Nov;104(2):890–901. doi: 10.1128/jb.104.2.890-901.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith H. W., Gyles C. L. The relationship between two apparently different enterotoxins produced by enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli of porcine origin. J Med Microbiol. 1970 Aug;3(3):387–401. doi: 10.1099/00222615-3-3-387. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith H. W., Halls S. Studies on Escherichia coli enterotoxin. J Pathol Bacteriol. 1967 Apr;93(2):531–543. doi: 10.1002/path.1700930212. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith N. W., Sack R. B. Immunologic cross-reactions of enterotoxins from Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae. J Infect Dis. 1973 Feb;127(2):164–170. doi: 10.1093/infdis/127.2.164. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]