Skip to main content
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1971 Feb;3(2):260–267. doi: 10.1128/iai.3.2.260-267.1971

In Vivo and In Vitro Studies of Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity to Toxoplasma gondii in Guinea Pigs

J L Krahenbuhl a,1, A A Blazkovec a, M G Lysenko a
PMCID: PMC416141  PMID: 16557963

Abstract

Delayed-type hypersensitivity develops late in the course of human toxoplasmosis, and a positive skin test is of some value for implicating chronic or eliminating acute forms of toxoplasmosis as a cause of disease. Toxoplasma-infected guinea pigs were studied to determine the onset and development of delayed-type hypersensitivity. Both the toxoplasmin skin test and the in vitro macrophage migration inhibition technique indicated that delayed hypersensitivity to toxoplasma antigen existed as early as 1 week after infection. The mechanism responsible for the observed inhibition of macrophage migration in vitro appeared to be an inhibitory factor(s) released from sensitized lymphoid cells in the presence of antigen.

Full text

PDF
260

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. AL ASKARI S., DAVID J. R., LAWRENCE H. S., THOMAS L. IN VITRO STUDIES ON HOMOGRAFT SENSITIVITY. Nature. 1965 Feb 27;205:916–917. doi: 10.1038/205916a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BEVERLEY J. K., BEATTIE C. P., ROSEMAN C. Human toxoplasma infection. J Hyg (Lond) 1954 Mar;52(1):37–46. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400027236. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bickford A. A., Burnstein T. Maintenance of Toxoplasma gondii in monolayer cultures of human epithelial (H. Ep.-2) cells. Zahnarztl Prax. 1966 Jan 15;17(2):319–325. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Blazkovec A. A., Sorkin E., Turk J. L. A study of the passive cellular transfer of local cutaneous hypersensitivity. I. Passive transfer of delayed hypersensitivity in inbred and outbred guinea-pigs. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1965;27(5):289–303. doi: 10.1159/000229624. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bloom B. R., Bennett B. Mechanism of a reaction in vitro associated with delayed-type hypersensitivity. Science. 1966 Jul 1;153(3731):80–82. doi: 10.1126/science.153.3731.80. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. DAVID J. R., AL-ASKARI S., LAWRENCE H. S., THOMAS L. DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY IN VITRO. I. THE SPECIFICITY OF INHIBITION OF CELL MIGRATION BY ANTIGENS. J Immunol. 1964 Aug;93:264–273. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. David J. R. Delayed hypersensitivity in vitro: its mediation by cell-free substances formed by lymphoid cell-antigen interaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1966 Jul;56(1):72–77. doi: 10.1073/pnas.56.1.72. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. David J. R. Macrophage migration. Fed Proc. 1968 Jan-Feb;27(1):6–12. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. David J. R., Paterson P. Y. In vitro demonstration of cellular sensitivity in allergic encephalomyelitis. J Exp Med. 1965 Dec 1;122(6):1161–1171. doi: 10.1084/jem.122.6.1161. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. FRENKEL J. K. Host, strain and treatment variation as factors in the pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1953 May;2(3):390–415. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1953.2.390. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. FRENKEL J. K., JACOBS L. Ocular toxoplasmosis; pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 1958 Feb;59(2):260–279. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. FRENKEL J. K. Ocular lesions in hamsters; with chronic Toxoplasma and Besnoitia infection. Am J Ophthalmol. 1955 Feb;39(2 Pt 2):203–225. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Feinstone S. M., Beachey E. H., Rytel M. W. Induction of delayed hypersensitivity to influenza and mumps viruses in mice. J Immunol. 1969 Oct;103(4):844–849. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Frenkel J. K. Adoptive immunity to intracellular infection. J Immunol. 1967 Jun;98(6):1309–1319. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. GEORGE M., VAUGHAN J. H. In vitro cell migration as a model for delayed hypersensitivity. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1962 Nov;111:514–521. doi: 10.3181/00379727-111-27841. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Huldt G. In vitro studies of some immunological phenomena in experimental rabbit toxoplasmosis. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1967;70(1):129–146. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1967.tb01276.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. JACOBS L., NAQUIN H., HOOVER R., WOODS A. C. A comparison of the toxoplasmin skin tests, the Sabin-Feldman dye tests, and the complement fixation tests for toxoplasmosis in various forms of uveitis. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp. 1956 Jul;99(1):1–15. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. JACOBS L. The biology of Toxoplasma. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1953 May;2(3):365–389. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1953.2.365. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. KAUFMAN H. E. Uveitis accompanied by a positive Toxoplasma dye test. Arch Ophthalmol. 1960 May;63:767–773. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1960.00950020769004. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. LUDLAM G. B. Laboratory diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Proc R Soc Med. 1960 Feb;53:113–116. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Lawrence H. S. In vitro correlates of delayed hypersensitivity. Introductory remarks. Fed Proc. 1968 Jan-Feb;27(1):3–5. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. REMINGTON J. S., BARNETT C. G., MEIKEL M., LUNDE M. N. Toxoplasmosis and infectious mononucleosis. Arch Intern Med. 1962 Nov;110:744–753. doi: 10.1001/archinte.1962.03620230190026. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. SCHUHOVA V. Long-term culture of Toxoplasma gondii on HeLa cells. J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol. 1960;4:131–132. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Schlaegel T. F., Jr The value of routine testing in the etiologic diagnosis of uveitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1965 Oct;60(4):648–653. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(65)92254-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Tompkins W. A., Adams C., Rawls W. E. An in vitro measure of cellular immunity to fibroma virus. J Immunol. 1970 Feb;104(2):502–510. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Tremonti L. P., Jackson G. G. Study of delayed hypersensitivity to myxoviruses induced by vaccines. Appl Microbiol. 1969 Apr;17(4):577–583. doi: 10.1128/am.17.4.577-583.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Tremonti L., Walton B. C. Blast transformation and migration-inhibition in toxoplasmosis and leishmaniasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1970 Jan;19(1):49–56. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1970.19.49. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. VANMETRE T. E., Jr, KNOX D. L., MAUMENEE A. E. THE RELATION BETWEEN TOXOPLASMOSIS AND FOCAL EXUCATIVE RETINOCHOROIDITIS. Am J Ophthalmol. 1964 Jul;58:6–21. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES