Abstract Abstract
A checklist of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland is presented. 279 (or 280) species are currently known from the country. Phytomyza linguae Lundqvist, 1947 is recorded as new to Finland.
Keywords: Checklist, Finland, Diptera, biodiversity, faunistics
Introduction
The Agromyzidae are called the leaf-miner or leaf-mining flies and not without reason, although a substantial fraction of the species feed as larvae on other parts of living plants. While Agromyzidae is traditionally placed in the superfamily Opomyzoidea, its exact relationships with other acalyptrate Diptera are poorly understood (see for example Winkler et al. 2010).
Two subfamilies are recognised within the leaf-mining flies: Agromyzinae and Phytomyzinae. Both are now recognised as natural groups (Dempewolf 2005, Scheffer et al. 2007). Unfortunately the genera are not as well defined: at least Ophiomyia, Phytoliriomyza and Aulagromyza are paraphyletic in DNA sequence analyses (see Scheffer et al. 2007). The same studies and Winkler et al. (2009) suggest that Chromatomyia consists of at least two separate groups of species within Phytomyza, and Napomyza (which is given a status of a subgenus of Phytomyza by Winkler et al. (2009)) also needs re-evaluation. For the purposes of this checklist, a conservative approach is adopted with Chromatomyia and Napomyza as separate genera.
Richard Frey was the first Finnish dipterist to study the agromyzid fauna of the country in detail (Frey 1937, 1946). L. Tiensuu and E. Thuneberg continued Frey’s work but most of their work remained unpublished until Nowakowski (1967) and Spencer (1976) reviewed the major Finnish agromyzid collections. Spencer’s book remains the primary identification tool for North European Agromyzidae. Interest in Finnish agromyzids has remained sporadic. The Finnish species were last listed by Hackman (1980).
Number of species:
World: 3004 spp. (M. Černý & M. von Tschirnhaus, pers. comm., March 2014)
Europe: 914 species (von Tschirnhaus, pers. comm., March 2014)
Finland: 279–280 species
Faunistic knowledge level in Finland: average
Checklist
suborder Brachycera Macquart, 1834
clade Eremoneura Lameere, 1906
clade Cyclorrhapha Brauer, 1863
infraorder Schizophora Becher, 1882
clade Muscaria Enderlein, 1936
parvorder Acalyptratae Macquart, 1835
superfamily Opomyzoidea Newman, 1834
AGROMYZIDAE Fallén, 1823
AGROMYZINAE Fallén, 1823
AGROMYZA Fallén, 1810
Agromyza abiens Zetterstedt, 1848
Agromyza albipennis Meigen, 1830
Agromyza albitarsis Meigen, 1830
Agromyza alnibetulae Hendel, 1931
Agromyza alnivora Spencer, 1969
Agromyza alunulata (Hendel, 1931)
Agromyza ambigua Fallén, 1823
= niveipennis Zetterstedt, 1848
Agromyza anthracina Meigen, 1830
= freyi Hendel, 1931
Agromyza bicaudata (Hendel, 1931)
Agromyza cinerascens Macquart, 1835
Agromyza demeijerei Hendel, 1920
Agromyza erythrocephala Hendel, 1920
Agromyza flaviceps Fallén, 1823
Agromyza graminicola Hendel, 1931
Agromyza idaeiana Hardy, 1853
= potentillae (Kaltenbach, 1864)
= spiraeae Kaltenbach, 1867
= stackelbergi (Frey, 1946)
Agromyza igniceps Hendel, 1920
= lathyri misid.
Agromyza lapponica Hendel, 1931
Agromyza lucida Hendel, 1920
Agromyza luteitarsis (Rondani, 1875)
= intermittens misid.
Agromyza marionae Griffiths, 1963
= alandensis Spencer, 1976
Agromyza mobilis Meigen, 1830
Agromyza nana Meigen, 1830
Agromyza nigrella (Rondani, 1875)
Agromyza nigrescens Hendel, 1920
Agromyza nigripes Meigen, 1830
Agromyza nigrociliata Hendel, 1931
Agromyza orobi Hendel, 1920
Agromyza phragmitidis Hendel, 1922
Agromyza pseudoreptans Nowakowski, 1967
= urticae Nowakowski, 1964 preocc.
Agromyza quadriseta Zlobin, 2001
Agromyza reptans Fallén, 1823
Agromyza rufipes (Meigen, 1830)
Agromyza salicina Hendel, 1922
Agromyza sulfuriceps Strobl, 1898
Agromyza vicifoliae Hering, 1932
HEXOMYZA Enderlein, 1936
Hexomyza schineri (Giraud, 1861)
Hexomyza simplicoides (Hendel, 1920)
MELANAGROMYZA Hendel, 1920
Melanagromyza aenea (Meigen, 1830)
Melanagromyza aeneoventris (Fallén, 1823)
Melanagromyza angeliciphaga Spencer, 1969
Melanagromyza chaerophylli Spencer, 1969
Melanagromyza lappae (Loew, 1850)
Melanagromyza nigrissima Spencer, 1976
Melanagromyza oligophaga Spender, 1990
Melanagromyza pubescens Hendel, 1923
Melanagromyza submetallescens Spencer, 1966
OPHIOMYIA Braschnikov, 1897
Ophiomyia beckeri (Hendel, 1923)
= goniaea (Hendel, 1931)
Ophiomyia cunctata (Hendel, 1920)
Ophiomyia curvipalpis (Zetterstedt, 1848)
Ophiomyia fennoniensis Spencer, 1976
?= eucodonus Hering, 1960
= melandryi misid.
Ophiomyia heringi Starý, 1930
= penicillata misid.
Ophiomyia labiatarum Hering, 1937
= persimilis misid.
Ophiomyia longilingua (Hendel, 1920)
= rostrata misid.
Ophiomyia maura (Meigen, 1838)
Ophiomyia nasuta (Melander, 1913)
Ophiomyia orbiculata (Hendel, 1931)
= hexachaeta (Hendel, 1931)
= nostradamus (Hering, 1933)
= paracelsus (Hering, 1933)
Ophiomyia pinguis (Fallén, 1820)
Ophiomyia pulicaria (Meigen, 1830)
Ophiomyia ranunculicaulis Hering, 1949
Ophiomyia vitiosa Spencer, 1964
?= alliariae Hering, 1954
PHYTOMYZINAE Fallén, 1823
AMAUROMYZA Hendel, 1931
sg. Amauromyza Hendel, 1931
Amauromyza morionella (Zetterstedt, 1848)
sg. Cephalomyza Hendel, 1931
= Trilobomyza Hendel, 1931
Amauromyza chenopodivora Spencer, 1971
= abnormalis misid.
Amauromyza flavifrons (Meigen, 1830)
Amauromyza gyrans (Fallén, 1823)
Amauromyza karli (Hendel, 1927)
= Dizygomyza facialis Frey, 1941 nom. nudum
Amauromyza labiatarum (Hendel, 1920)
Amauromyza luteiceps (Hendel, 1920)
Amauromyza monfalconensis (Strobl, 1909)
AULAGROMYZA Enderlein, 1936
= Paraphytomyza Enderlein, 1936
Aulagromyza buhri (de Meijere, 1938)
Aulagromyza fulvicornis (Hendel, 1935)
Aulagromyza hendeliana (Hering, 1926)
Aulagromyza heringii (Hengel, 1920)
Aulagromyza lucens (de Meijere, 1924)
Aulagromyza luteoscutellata (de Meijere, 1924)
= xylostei misid.
Aulagromyza similis (Brischke, 1880)
Aulagromyza tremulae (Hering 1957)
Aulagromyza tridentata (Loew, 1858)
Aulagromyza trivittata (Loew, 1873)
CALYCOMYZA Hendel, 1931
Calycomyza artemisiae (Kaltenbach, 1856)
Calycomyza subapproximata (Sasakawa, 1955)
CERODONTHA Rondani, 1861
sg. Butomomyza Nowakowski, 1967
Cerodontha caricivora (Groschke, 1954)
Cerodontha eucaricis Nowakowski, 1967
Cerodontha rohdendorfi Nowakowski, 1967
Cerodontha scirpi (Karl, 1926)
= scutellaris misid.
= semiposticata misid.
Cerodontha staryi (Starý, 1930)
sg. Cerodontha Rondani, 1861
Cerodontha affinis (Fallén, 1823)
Cerodontha denticornis (Panzer, 1806)
Cerodontha fulvipes (Meigen, 1830)
= femoralis (Meigen, 1838)
Cerodontha hennigi Nowakowski, 1967
= lateralis (Zetterstedt, 1848) preocc.
Cerodontha stackelbergi Nowakowski, 1972
sg. Dizygomyza Hendel, 1920
Cerodontha bimaculata (Meigen, 1830)
Cerodontha fasciata (Strobl, 1880)
Cerodontha ireos (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851)
Cerodontha luctuosa (Meigen, 1830)
Cerodontha morosa (Meigen, 1830)
sg. Icteromyza Hendel, 1931
Cerodontha bohemani (Rydén, 1951)
Cerodontha capitata (Zetterstedt, 1848)
Cerodontha churchillensis Spencer, 1969
Cerodontha geniculata (Fallén, 1823)
Cerodontha lineella (Zetterstedt, 1838)
sg. Phytagromyza Hendel, 1920
Cerodontha flavocingulata (Strobl, 1909)
= storai (Frey, 1946)
sg. Poemyza Hendel, 1931
Cerodontha atra (Meigen, 1830)
Cerodontha calamagrostidis Nowakowski, 1967
= spenceri Nowakowski, 1967
= tschirnhausi Nowakowski, 1973
Cerodontha calosoma (Hendel, 1931)
Cerodontha imbuta (Meigen, 1838)
= deschampsiae (Spencer, 1957)
Cerodontha incisa (Meigen, 1830)
Cerodontha lateralis (Macquart, 1835)
Cerodontha muscina (Meigen, 1830)
Cerodontha phragmitidis Nowakowski, 1967
Cerodontha pygmaea (Meigen, 1830)
Cerodontha pygmella (Hendel, 1931)
= lapplandica (Rydén, 1956)
Cerodontha spencerae Zlobin, 1993
= inconspicua auct. nec (Malloch, 1914)
Cerodontha thunebergi Nowakowski, 1967
sg. Xenophytomyza Frey, 1946
Cerodontha atronitens (Hendel, 1920)
Cerodontha biseta (Hendel, 1920)
= crassinervis (Frey, 1946)
Cerodontha venturii Nowakowski, 1967
CHROMATOMYIA Hardy, 1849
Chromatomyia asteris (Hendel, 1934)
Chromatomyia ciliata (Hendel, 1935)
Chromatomyia farfarella (Hendel, 1935)
Chromatomyia fuscula (Zetterstedt, 1838)
Chromatomyia glacialis (Griffiths, 1964)
Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau, 1851)
Chromatomyia isicae (Hering, 1962)
Chromatomyia linnaeae Griffiths, 1974
Chromatomyia lonicerae (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851)
= xylostei (Kaltenbach, 1862) preocc.
Chromatomyia luzulae (Hering, 1924)
Chromatomyia milii (Kaltenbach, 1864)
Chromatomyia nigra (Meigen, 1830)
Chromatomyia norwegica (Rydén, 1957)
Chromatomyia ochracea (Hendel, 1920)
Chromatomyia opacella (Hendel, 1935)
Chromatomyia periclymeni (Hendel, 1922)
Chromatomyia primulae (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851)
Chromatomyia ramosa (Hendel, 1923)
= nigriventris (Hendel, 1935)
Chromatomyia styriaca Griffiths, 1980
Chromatomyia syngenesiae Hardy, 1849
GALIOMYZA Spencer, 1981
Galiomyza morio (Brischke, 1880)
LIRIOMYZA Mik, 1894
Liriomyza amoena (Meigen, 1830)
Liriomyza angulicornis (Malloch, 1918)
= triglochinae Hendel, 1931
Liriomyza approximata (Hendel, 1920)
Liriomyza artemisicola de Meijere, 1924
Liriomyza bryoniae (Kaltenbach, 1858)
Liriomyza buhri Hering, 1937
= adolescens Frey, 1946
Liriomyza bulbata Hendel, 1931
Liriomyza canescens Spencer, 1976
= graminicola misid.
Liriomyza cannabis Hendel, 1931
Liriomyza congesta (Becker, 1903)
= minima Hendel, 1931
= parva Hendel, 1931
Liriomyza demeijerei Hering, 1930
Liriomyza equiseti de Meijere, 1924
Liriomyza eupatorii (Kaltenbach, 1873)
= orbitella Hendel, 1931
Liriomyza flaveola (Fallén, 1823)
Liriomyza flavopicta Hendel, 1931
Liriomyza freyella Spencer, 1976
Liriomyza hieracii (Kaltenbach, 1862)
Liriomyza infuscata Hering, 1926
Liriomyza lutea (Meigen, 1830)
Liriomyza occipitalis Hendel, 1931
Liriomyza orbona (Meigen, 1830)
Liriomyza pedestris Hendel, 1931
Liriomyza pseudopygmina (Hering, 1933)
Liriomyza ptarmicae de Meijere, 1925
Liriomyza pusilla (Meigen, 1830)
= fasciola (Meigen, 1838)
Liriomyza pusio (Meigen, 1830)
= graminicola de Meijere, 1924
= breviseta Frey, 1946
Liriomyza richteri Hering, 1927
Liriomyza sonchi Hendel, 1931
Liriomyza strigata (Meigen, 1830)
= pumila (Meigen, 1830)
Liriomyza tanaceti de Meijere, 1924
Liriomyza taraxaci Hering, 1927
Liriomyza valerianae Hendel, 1932
Liriomyza virgo (Zetterstedt, 1838)
Liriomyza virgula Frey, 1946
Liriomyza wachtlii Hendel, 1920
METOPOMYZA Enderlein, 1936
Metopomyza flavonotata (Haliday, 1833)
Metopomyza interfrontalis (Melander, 1913)
= xanthaspida (Hendel, 1920)
Metopomyza scutellata (Fallén, 1823)
= flavoscutellaris misid.
Metopomyza xanthaspioides (Frey, 1946)
Metopomyza xanthaspis (Loew, 1858)
NAPOMYZA Westwood, 1840
Napomyza achilleanella von Tschirnhaus, 1992
Napomyza bellidis Griffiths, 1967
Napomyza carotae Spencer, 1966
Napomyza cichorii Spencer, 1966
Napomyza elegans (Meigen, 1830)
Napomyza hirticornis (Hendel, 1932)
Napomyza lateralis (Fallén, 1823)
Napomyza maritima von Tschirnhaus, 1981
Napomyza merita Zlobin, 1993
Napomyza plumea Spencer, 1969
NEMORIMYZA Frey, 1946
Nemorimyza posticata (Meigen, 1830)
PHYTOBIA Lioy, 1864
= Dendromyza Hendel, 1931
Phytobia aucupariae (Kangas, 1949)
Phytobia cambii (Hendel, 1931)
= betulae (Kangas, 1935)
= tremulae (Kangas, 1949)
Phytobia mallochi (Hendel, 1924)
PHYTOLIRIOMYZA Hendel, 1931
Phytoliriomyza arctica (Lundbeck, 1901)
Phytoliriomyza dorsata (Siebke, 1863)
= Liriomyza fasciata misid.
= pectoralis misid.
Phytoliriomyza hilarella (Zetterstedt, 1848)
Phytoliriomyza melampyga (Loew, 1869)
Phytoliriomyza mikii (Strobl, 1898)
Phytoliriomyza ornata (Meigen, 1830)
= elegantula (Zetterstedt, 1848)
Phytoliriomyza perpusilla (Meigen, 1830)
PHYTOMYZA Fallén, 1810
Phytomyza abdominalis Zetterstedt, 1848
= gentianae misid.
Phytomyza aconitophila Hendel, 1927
Phytomyza actaeae Hendel, 1922
Phytomyza adjuncta Hering, 1928
Phytomyza albiceps Meigen, 1830
= rydeniana Hering, 1949
Phytomyza albipennis Fallén, 1823
Phytomyza anemones Hering, 1925
Phytomyza angelicae Kaltenbach, 1872
Phytomyza angelicastri Hering, 1932
Phytomyza aquilegiae Hardy, 1849
Phytomyza aquilonia Frey, 1946
Phytomyza artemisivora Spencer, 1971
Phytomyza buhriella Spencer, 1969
Phytomyza calthophila Hering, 1931
Phytomyza campanulae Hendel, 1920
Phytomyza chaerophylli Kaltenbach, 1856
= anthrisci Hendel, 1924
= carvi Hering, 1931
Phytomyza cirsii Hendel, 1923
= cirsicola Hendel, 1927
Phytomyza continua Hendel, 1920
= polyarthrocera Frey, 1946
Phytomyza crassiseta Zetterstedt, 1860
Phytomyza dasyops Hendel, 1920
Phytomyza diversicornis Hendel, 1927
Phytomyza enigmoides Hering, 1937
= enigma Hering, 1936 preocc.
Phytomyza erigerophila Hering, 1927
Phytomyza eumorpha Frey, 1946
Phytomyza evanescens Hendel, 1920
= calthivora misid.
= opaca misid.
Phytomyza fallaciosa Brischke, 1880
= pseudohellebori Hendel, 1920
= bonsdorfi Hendel, 1935
Phytomyza flavicornis Fallén, 1823
Phytomyza flavofemorata Strobl, 1893
= distantipila Frey, 1950
= aristata misid.
= pratensis de Meijere, 1926
Phytomyza glabra Hendel, 1935
Phytomyza glechomae Kaltenbach, 1862
? Phytomyza gymnostoma Loew, 1858
Phytomyza hellebori Kaltenbach, 1872
Phytomyza hendeli Hering, 1923
Phytomyza heracleana Hering, 1937
Phytomyza hirsuta Spencer, 1976
Phytomyza isais Hering, 1936
Phytomyza krygeri Hering, 1949
Phytomyza lappae Goureau, 1851
Phytomyza linguae Lundqvist, 1947
Phytomyza marginella Fallén, 1823
Phytomyza minuscula Goureau, 1851
Phytomyza murina Hendel, 1935
Phytomyza mylini Hering, 1954
Phytomyza nigrifemur Hering, 1934
= semitenella Hendel, 1935
Phytomyza nigripennis Fallén, 1823
Phytomyza nigritula Zetterstedt, 1838
Phytomyza notata Meigen, 1830
Phytomyza obscurella Fallén, 1823
Phytomyza pauliloewii Hendel, 1920
Phytomyza pimpinellae Hendel, 1924
Phytomyza plantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851
Phytomyza ptarmicae Hering, 1937
Phytomyza pubicornis Hendel, 1920
Phytomyza pullula Zetterstedt, 1848
Phytomyza ranunculi (Schrank, 1803)
Phytomyza ranunculivora Hering, 1932
Phytomyza rapunculi Hendel, 1927
= campanulivora Spencer, 1971
Phytomyza rhabdophora Griffiths, 1964
Phytomyza rostrata Hering, 1934
Phytomyza rufescens von Roser, 1840
Phytomyza rufipes Meigen, 1830
Phytomyza rydeni Hering, 1934
Phytomyza sedicola Hering, 1924
Phytomyza selini Hering, 1922
Phytomyza socia Brischke, 1880
Phytomyza soenderupi Hering, 1941
Phytomyza solidaginis Hendel, 1920
Phytomyza spinaciae Hendel, 1935
= affinis misid.
Phytomyza spoliata Strobl, 1906
Phytomyza spondylii Robineau-Desvoidy, 1851
= pastinacae misid.
Phytomyza subrostrata Frey, 1946
Phytomyza tanaceti Hendel, 1923
Phytomyza tenella Meigen, 1830
Phytomyza thysselini Hendel, 1923
Phytomyza trollii Hering, 1930
Phytomyza tussilaginis Hendel, 1925
Phytomyza varipes Macquart, 1835
Phytomyza virgaureae Hering, 1926
Phytomyza virosae Pakalniškis, 2000
Phytomyza wahlgreni Rydén, 1944
= robustella misid.
PSEUDONAPOMYZA Hendel, 1920
Pseudonapomyza atra (Meigen, 1830)
Pseudonapomyza europaea Spencer, 1973
SELACHOPS Wahlberg, 1844
Selachops flavocinctus Wahlberg, 1844
Excluded species
Cerodontha silvatica (Groschke, 1957) misidentification
Dizygomyza facialis Frey, 1941 nomen nudum
Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard, 1926) imported
Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, 1938 imported
Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess in Comstock, 1880) imported
Phytomyza atricornis Meigen, 1838 nomen dubium
Phytomyza brischkei Hendel, 1922 misidentification
Notes
Agromyza nigrociliata. First recorded from Finland by Thuneberg in Kaisila (1960). The species have since been found at several sites on the south coast (leg. L. Tiensuu, K. Winqvist & J. Kahanpää).
Cerodontha pygmella. First described from the Russian Far East, then redescribed from northern Sweden as Cerodontha lapplandica (Rydén) (synonymized by Zlobin 2001) and from Poland as Cerodontha tatrica Nowakowski (syn. Spencer 1976). The status of this species as distinct from Cerodontha pygmaea has been doubtful, but Zlobin (2001) pointed out that while Cerodontha pygmella and Cerodontha pygmaea are difficult to identify reliably as adults, the larvae are clearly different.
Liriomyza pedestris Hendel, 1931 is a valid species according to Zlobin (2003). The Finnish material of the Liriomyza flaveola-group needs re-examination.
Ophiomyia fennoniensis Spencer is probably a synonym of Ophiomyia eucodonus Hering. Likewise, Ophiomyia vitiosa Spencer is probably a synonym of Ophiomyia alliariae Hering, 1954 (M. von Tschirnhaus, pers. comm.)
Phytomyza angelicae and Phytomyza aegopodii. Spencer (1976) synonymized Phytomyza aegopodii Hendel, 1923 with Phytomyza angelicae Kaltenbach. Pakalniškis (2000) reinstated Phytomyza aegopodii as a valid species but opinions on its status are not unanimous. The Finnish material examined so far represents typical Phytomyza angelicaesensuPakalniškis (2000).
Phytomyza brischkei. Recorded by Hackman (1980) from Finland, probably on the basis of Frey (1937). As Spencer (1976) points out, this is a misidentification.
Phytomyza gymnostoma. Recorded from Finland in Fauna Europaea (Martinez 2011), but I have been unable to trace the original records. Possibly imported to Finland with leeks or onions (Allium), its host plants. Phytomyza gymnostoma is an expanding species with Central Europe and has lately damaged crops of Allium species (Darvas et al. 1988).
Phytomyza linguae. Spencer (1976) synonymised this species with Phytomyza ranunculivora Hering. Pakalniškis (1997) reinstated it as a valid species. Both species occur in Finland: L. Tiensuu reared Phytomyza ranunculivora from Ranunculus acer and Phytomyza linguae from Ranunculus lingua from mines collected from Vehkalahti in 1972–3.
Acknowledgements
I would like to heartily thank Michael von Tschirnhaus for all the help he has given Finnish dipterists interested in Agromyzidae over the last decade and especially for his numerous valuable comments on an early version of this paper.
Citation
Kahanpää J (2014) Checklist of the leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Agromyzidae) of Finland. In: Kahanpää J, Salmela J (Eds) Checklist of the Diptera of Finland. ZooKeys 441: 291–303. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.441.7586
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