Table 3 . Summary of QDs used for diagnosis of infectious pathogens .

Pathogen	Recognition	Methodology of detection	Detection limit	References
E. coli O157:H7	Biotinylated antibody	Fluorescence microscopy	2 orders more sensitive than other dyes	132
E. coli O157:H7	Fim-H mannose specific lectin	Fluorometry	104 bacteria/ml	133
E. coli, Salmonella	Antibody	Fluorescence spectroscopy	104 CFU/ml	134
Cholera toxin	Antibody	Fluroimmunoassay	In ng/ml quantity	134
RSV	Antibody	Color change	Single step/short time	135
HBV, HCV, HIV	Antibody	Fluorescence	100 μl sample/50 times more sensitive	136