Skip to main content
PMC home page
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1977 Aug;17(2):338–343. doi: 10.1128/iai.17.2.338-343.1977

Congenital abnormalities in newborn calves after inoculation of pregnant cows with Akabane virus.

H Kurogi, Y Inaba, E Takahashi, K Sato, K Satoda
PMCID: PMC421124  PMID: 892909

Abstract

A fresh isolate of Akabane virus was inoculated intravenously into 11 seronegative pregnant cows at 62 to 96 days of gestation. Two of the cows were slaughtered 18 days post-inoculation, and the fetuses were examined; the remaining cows were allowed to give birth. All the inoculated cows developed viremia and neutralizing antibody for the virus, indicating that the cows were actually infected with the virus, although fever or any other clinical abnormalities were not noted. The virus further infected the fetuses. This was proved by virus isolation in one of the two fetuses from the slaughtered cows, and polymyositis was noted in both fetuses. Six of seven calves born alive had anti-Akabane antibody in their precolostral sera, indicating that in utero infection with the virus took place in these calves. Some of the in utero-infected calves demonstrated congenital abnormalities such as cerebral defect, hydranencephaly, and arthrogryposis. These findings provide additional evidence that Akabane virus is the etiological agent of epizootic abortion and congenital arthrogryposis-hydranencephaly syndrome in cattle.

Full text

PDF
338

Images in this article

341Image
on p.341

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Hartley W. J., Haughley K. G. An outbreak of micrencephaly in lambs in New South Wales. Aust Vet J. 1974 Feb;50(2):55–58. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1974.tb05251.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Hartley W. J., Wanner R. A. Bovine congenital arthrogryposis in New South Wales. Aust Vet J. 1974 May;50(5):185–188. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1974.tb02361.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Hartley W. J., Wanner R. A., Della-Porta A. J., Snowdon W. A. Serological evidence for the association of Akabane virus with epizootic bovine congenital arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly syndromes in New South Wales. Aust Vet J. 1975 Feb;51(2):103–104. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1975.tb09422.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Inaba Y., Kurogi H., Omori T. Letter: Akabane disease: epizootic abortion, premature birth, stillbirth and congenital arthrogryposis-hydranencephaly in cattle, sheep and goats caused by Akabane virus. Aust Vet J. 1975 Dec;51(12):584–585. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1975.tb09397.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Konno S., Moriwaki M., Nakagawa M., Uchimura M., Kamimiyata M., Tojinbara K. Congenital abnormality of calves with arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly in Japan in 1972-1973. Natl Inst Anim Health Q (Tokyo) 1975 Spring;15(1):52–53. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Kurogi H., Inaba Y., Goto Y., Miura Y., Takahashi H. Serologic evidence for etiologic role of Akabane virus in epizootic abortion-arthrogryposis-hydranencephaly in cattle in Japan, 1972-1974. Arch Virol. 1975;47(1):71–83. doi: 10.1007/BF01315594. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Kurogi H., Inaba Y., Takahashi E., Sato K., Goto Y. Experimental infection of pregnant goats with Akabane virus. Natl Inst Anim Health Q (Tokyo) 1977 Spring;17(1):1–9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kurogi H., Inaba Y., Takahashi E., Sato K., Omori T., Miura Y., Goto Y., Fujiwara Y., Hatano Y., Kodama K. Epizootic congenital arthrogryposis-hydranencephaly syndrome in cattle: isolation of Akabane virus from affected fetuses. Arch Virol. 1976;51(1-2):67–74. doi: 10.1007/BF01317835. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. McClure T. J., Dowell A. E. Survey of dairy herds in the Moss Vale district of New South Wales. 1. Disease wastage. Aust Vet J. 1968 Dec;44(12):536–542. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1968.tb04923.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Miura Y., Hayashi S., Ishihara T., Inaba Y., Omori T. Neutralizing antibody against Akabane virus in precolostral sera from calves with congenital arthrogryposis-hydranencephaly syndrome. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch. 1974;46(3-4):377–380. doi: 10.1007/BF01240082. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Moriguchi R., Izawa H., Soekawa M. A pathological study on calves with arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B. 1976 Apr;23(3):190–199. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1976.tb00675.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Mukkur T. K., Froese A. Isolation and characterization of IgM from bovine colostral whey. Immunochemistry. 1971 Mar;8(3):257–264. doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(71)90480-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. OYA A., OKUNO T., OGATA T., KOBAYASHII, MATSUYAMA T. Akabane, a new arbor virus isolated in Japan. Jpn J Med Sci Biol. 1961 Jun;14:101–108. doi: 10.7883/yoken1952.14.101. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Parsonson I. M., Della-Porta A. B., Snowdon W. A., Murray M. D. Letter: Congenital abnormalities in foetal lambs after inoculation of pregnant ewes with Akabane virus. Aust Vet J. 1975 Dec;51(12):585–586. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1975.tb09398.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Young J. S. Ephemeral fever and congenital deformities in calves. Aust Vet J. 1969 Dec;45(12):574–576. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1969.tb16095.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES