Skip to main content
PMC home page
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1977 Feb;15(2):423–428. doi: 10.1128/iai.15.2.423-428.1977

Oncogenicity of avian leukosis viruses of different subgroups and of mutants of sarcoma viruses.

H G Purchase, W Okazaki, P K Vogt, H Hanafusa, B R Burmester, L B Crittenden
PMCID: PMC421385  PMID: 191400

Abstract

Leukosis viruses of seven subgroups were tested for oncogenicity in chickens susceptible to virus infection and to development of lymphoid leukosis (LL) tumors. All subgroup A viruses and the subgroup B virus tested produced a high incidence of LL and other related neoplasms. Viruses of subgroup C and RAV-61 of subgroup F produced a low level of LL. The RAV-50 of subgroup D produced osteopetrosis. In these tests, the viruses of subgroup E and G and one virus of subgroup F were not pathogenic, possibly because infection was not established in the chickens, the chickens were not susceptible to tumor development by these viruses, or the viruses lacked oncogenicity. All temperature-sensitive mutants of Rous sarcoma virus produced sarcomas, but the level varied. One nontransforming mutant produced sarcomas, and the other three tested produced LL. All three mutants that cause cells to grow as colonies in agar produced a high incidence of sarcomas. Thus, sarcoma viruses, by back-mutation, may lose the ability to transform cells in vitro, to make cells grow in agar colonies, or to induce sarcomas in vivo, yet they retain the ability to produce LL. Conversely, it was previously shown that leukosis viruses may be changed into viruses that transform cells in vitro and produce sarcomas in vivo by suitable passage in chicks.

Full text

PDF
423

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BURMESTER B. R., FREDRICKSON T. N. TRANSMISSION OF VIRUS FROM FIELD CASES OF AVIAN LYMPHOMATOSIS. I. ISOLATION OF VIRUS IN LINE 151 CHICKENS. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1964 Jan;32:37–63. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Biggs P. M., Milne B. S., Graf T., Bauer H. Oncogenicity of non-transforming mutants of avian sarcoma viruses. J Gen Virol. 1973 Mar;18(3):399–403. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-18-3-399. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Calnek B. W. Lymphoid leukosis virus: a survey of commercial breeding flocks for genetic resistance and incidence of embryo infection. Avian Dis. 1968 Feb;12(1):104–111. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Churchill A. E. Studies on the serological and interfering properties of avian leucosis virus isolates from field outbreaks of disease and from three vaccines. Res Vet Sci. 1968 Jan;9(1):68–75. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Crittenden L. B., Smith E. J., Weiss R. A., Sarma P. S. Host gene control of endogenous avian leukosis virus production. Virology. 1974 Jan;57(1):128–138. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(74)90114-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Crittenden L. B., Wendel E. J., Motta J. V. Interaction of genes controlling resistance to RSV(RAV-O). Virology. 1973 Apr;52(2):373–384. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90332-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Duff R. G., Vogt P. K. Characteristics of two new avian tumor virus subgroups. Virology. 1969 Sep;39(1):18–30. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(69)90344-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fujita D. J., Chen Y. C., Friis R. R., Vogt P. K. RNA tumor viruses of pheasants: characterization of avian leukosis subgroups F and G. Virology. 1974 Aug;60(2):558–571. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(74)90350-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. HANAFUSA H. ANALYSIS OF THE DEFECTIVENESS OF ROUS SARCOMA VIRUS. 3. DETERMINING INFLUENCE OF A NEW HELPER VIRUS ON THE HOST RANGE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INTERFERENCE OF RSV. Virology. 1965 Feb;25:248–255. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(65)90203-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hanafusa H., Hanafusa T. Determining factor in the capacity of Rous sarcoma virus to induce tumors in mammals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1966 Mar;55(3):532–538. doi: 10.1073/pnas.55.3.532. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hanafusa T., Hanafusa H. Isolation of leukosis-type virus from pheasant embryo cells: possible presence of viral genes in cells. Virology. 1973 Jan;51(1):247–251. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90388-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hanafusa T., Hanafusa H., Miyamoto T. Recovery of a new virus from apparently normal chick cells by infection with avian tumor viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970 Dec;67(4):1797–1803. doi: 10.1073/pnas.67.4.1797. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hayward W. S., Hanafusa H. Recombination between endogenous and exogenous RNA tumor virus genes as analyzed by nucleic acid hybridization. J Virol. 1975 Jun;15(6):1367–1377. doi: 10.1128/jvi.15.6.1367-1377.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kawai S., Hanafusa H. The effects of reciprocal changes in temperature on the transformed state of cells infected with a rous sarcoma virus mutant. Virology. 1971 Nov;46(2):470–479. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(71)90047-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Mladenov Z., Heine U., Beard D., Beard J. W. Strain MC29 avian leukosis virus. Myelocytoma, endothelioma, and renal growths: pathomorphological and ultrastructural aspects. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1967 Mar;38(3):251–285. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Motta J. V., Crittenden L. B., Purchase H. G., Stone H. A., Witter R. L. Low oncogenic potential of avian endogenous RNA tumor virus infection or expression. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1975 Sep;55(3):685–689. doi: 10.1093/jnci/55.3.685. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Okazaki W., Purchase H. G., Burmester B. R. Phenotypic mixing test to detect and assay avian leukosis viruses. Avian Dis. 1975 Apr-Jun;19(2):311–317. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Okazaki W., Purchase H. G., Burmester B. R. Protection against Marek's disease by vaccination with a herpesvirus of turkeys. Avian Dis. 1970 May;14(2):413–429. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Payne L. N., Crittenden L. B., Okazaki W. Influence of host genotype on responses to four strains of avian leukosis virus. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1968 May;40(5):907–916. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. RUBIN H., VOGT P. K. An avian leukosis virus associated with stocks of Rous sarcoma virus. Virology. 1962 May;17:184–194. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(62)90096-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rispens B. H., Long P. A., Okazaki W., Burmester B. R. The NP activation test for assay of avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses. Avian Dis. 1970 Nov;14(4):738–751. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Robinson H. L., Swanson C. A., Hruska J. F., Crittenden L. B. Production of unique C-type viruses by chicken cells grown in bromodeoxyuridine. Virology. 1976 Jan;69(1):63–74. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(76)90194-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Toyoshima K., Owada M., Kozai Y. Tumor producing capacity of temperature sensitive mutants of avian sarcoma viruses in chicks. Biken J. 1973 Sep;16(3):103–110. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Vogt P. K., Friis R. R. An avian leukosis virus related to RSV(O): properties and evidence for helper activity. Virology. 1971 Jan;43(1):223–234. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(71)90240-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Weiss R. A., Friis R. R., Katz E., Vogt P. K. Induction of avian tumor viruses in normal cells by physical and chemical carcinogens. Virology. 1971 Dec;46(3):920–938. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(71)90091-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES