Abstract
Spleen, lymph node, bone marrow, and thymus cells from Friend leukemia virus (FLV)-infected mice were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Whereas splenocytes from normal, noninfected animals showed the expected morphological classes of lymphocytes, including cells with numerous villous projections and smoother cell types, spleen cells from mice infected with FLV showed a rapid alteration of surface morphology. Shortly after infection, a decrease in the number and percentage of villous cells occurred, with a concomitant increase in the number of cells that were larger and smoother. Within 10 to 20 days after infection, the majority of splenocytes were smooth, large cells showing many distinct morphological charges, including surface "holes" and a "spongy" appearance. By days 25 to 35 after infection, most splenocytes were abnormal in appearance. Similar changes occurred in the lymph nodes after FLV infection, but the rate of change was much lower. Abnormal and larger smooth-surfaced cells did not become prominent until after week 2 or 3 infection. Thymus and bone marrow cells showed little if any change in surface morphology until late in the infectious process. However, even at that time only a few of the cells were abnormal in appearance. The changes in cell population in the spleen but not the lymph nodes paralleled the rapid decrease in the percentage of cells which stained positive for surface immunoglobulin and theta antigen. Futhermore, FLV antigen rapidly appeared on spleen cells after infection; fewer lymph node cells were positive, and only low numbers of marrow and thymus cells stained positive for FLV antigen. The marked immunosuppression induced by FLV infection paralleled and in some instances preceded the marked morphological changes.
Full text
PDF










Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Alexander E. L., Wetzel B. Human lymphocytes: similarity of B and T cell surface morphology. Science. 1975 May 16;188(4189):732–734. doi: 10.1126/science.1079095. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bassin R. H., Tuttle N., Fischinger P. J. Rapid cell culture assay technic for murine leukaemia viruses. Nature. 1971 Feb 19;229(5286):564–566. doi: 10.1038/229564b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chan G., Rancourt M. W., Ceglowski W. S., Friedman H. Leukemia virus suppression of antibody-forming cells: ultrastructure of infected spleens. Science. 1968 Jan 26;159(3813):437–439. doi: 10.1126/science.159.3813.437. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Criswell B. S., Rich R. R., Dardano J., Kimzey S. L. Scanning electron microscopy of normal and mitogen-stimulated mouse lymphoid cells. Cell Immunol. 1975 Oct;19(2):336–348. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(75)90215-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- DeHarven E., Lampen N., Sato T., Friend C. Scanning electron microscopy of cells infected with a murine leukemia virus. Virology. 1973 Jan;51(1):240–243. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90386-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dent P. B. Immunodepression by oncogenic viruses. Prog Med Virol. 1972;14:1–35. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- FRIEND C. Cell-free transmission in adult Swiss mice of a disease having the character of a leukemia. J Exp Med. 1957 Apr 1;105(4):307–318. doi: 10.1084/jem.105.4.307. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Friedman H., Kateley J. R. Lymphocyte surface receptors and leukemia virus-induced immunosuppression. Am J Clin Pathol. 1975 May;63(5):735–747. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/63.5.735. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kateley J. R., Holderbach J., Friedman H. Leukemia virus-induced alteration of lymphocyte Ig surface receptors and the "capping" response of mouse spleen and lymph node cells. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1974 Oct;53(4):1135–1140. doi: 10.1093/jnci/53.4.1135. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kateley J. R., Kamo I., Kaplan G., Friedman H. Suppressive effect of leukemia virus-infected lymphoid cells on in vitro immunization of normal splenocytes. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1974 Nov;53(5):1371–1378. doi: 10.1093/jnci/53.5.1371. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Koo G. C., Ceglowski W. S., Friedman H. Immunosuppression by leukemia viruses. V. Ultrastructural studies of antibody-forming spleensof mice infected with Friend leukemia virus. J Immunol. 1971 Mar;106(3):799–814. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Koo G. C., Ceglowski W. S., Higgins M., Friedman H. Immunosuppression by leukemia viruses. VI. Ultrastructure of individual antibody-forming cells in the spleens of friend leukemia virus-infected mice. J Immunol. 1971 Mar;106(3):815–830. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lin P. S., Cooper A. G., Wortis H. H. Scanning electron microscopy of human T-cell and B-cell rosettes. N Engl J Med. 1973 Sep 13;289(11):548–551. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197309132891102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Notkins A. L., Mergenhagen S. E., Howard R. J. Effect of virus infections on the function of the immune system. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1970;24:525–538. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.24.100170.002521. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Polliack A., Fu S. M., Douglas S. D., Bentwich Z., Lampen N., De Harven E. Scanning electron microscopy of human lymphocyte-sheep erythrocyte rosettes. J Exp Med. 1974 Jul 1;140(1):146–158. doi: 10.1084/jem.140.1.146. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Polliack A., Hämmerling U., Lampen N., de Harven E. Surface morphology of murine B and T lymphocytes: A comparative study by scanning electron microscopy. Eur J Immunol. 1975 Jan;5(1):32–39. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830050108. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Polliack A., Lampen N., Clarkson B. D., De Harven E., Bentwich Z., Siegal F. P., Kunkel H. G. Identification of human B and T lymphocytes by scanning electron microscopy. J Exp Med. 1973 Sep 1;138(3):607–624. doi: 10.1084/jem.138.3.607. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- RAUSCHER F. J. A virus-induced disease of mice characterized by erythrocytopoiesis and lymphoid leukemia. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1962 Sep;29:515–543. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Salaman M. H. Immunodepression by viruses. Antibiot Chemother. 1969;15:393–406. doi: 10.1159/000386792. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thurman G. B., Baur P. S., Goldstein A. L. Examination of lymphocyte membranes of athymic "nude" mice by scanning electron microscopy. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1975 Feb 28;249:154–165. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb29065.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- van Ewijk W., Brons N. H., Rozing J. Scanning electron microscopy of homing and recirculating lymphocyte populations. Cell Immunol. 1975 Oct;19(2):245–261. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(75)90207-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]





