Skip to main content
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1973 Nov;8(5):819–827. doi: 10.1128/iai.8.5.819-827.1973

Myelin-Specific Autoantibodies Associated with Central Nervous System Demyelination in Canine Distemper Virus Infection

Steven Krakowka 1, Bruce McCullough 1, Adalbert Koestner 1, Richard Olsen 1
PMCID: PMC422933  PMID: 4584054

Abstract

Sera from dogs with spontaneously occurring and experimentally produced canine distemper virus-associated demyelinating encephalitis were examined for antibodies to central nervous system myelin by the complement fixation and indirect immunofluorescent methods. Complement-fixing immunoglobulin M antibodies and non-complement-fixing immunoglobulin G antibodies were found in 97% of the spontaneous cases. In comparison, only 28% of control sera contained these antibodies; furthermore, mean antibody titers in the control groups were significantly lower (P < 0.005) when compared to the distemper group. Complement-fixing antimyelin antibodies were also demonstrated in gnotobiotic dogs with experimentally induced distemper virus-associated demyelination. The antibody response could be correlated with clinicopathological features of the disease produced. Results of this study indicate that demyelination in canine distemper may proceed by immune mechanisms.

Full text

PDF
819

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. AUTILIO L. A., NORTON W. T., TERRY R. D. THE PREPARATION AND SOME PROPERTIES OF PURIFIED MYELIN FROM THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. J Neurochem. 1964 Jan;11:17–27. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1964.tb06719.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Alvord E. C., Jr, Sudduth W. H., Hruby S., Hughes K. A search for brain antigens in canine distemper. A preliminary report. Neurology. 1968 Jan;18(1 Pt 2):112–116. doi: 10.1212/wnl.18.1_part_2.112. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. BORNSTEIN M. B., APPEL S. H. TISSUE CULTURE STUDIES OF DEMYELINATION. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1965 Mar 31;122:280–286. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1965.tb20212.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bartfeld H., Atoynatan T. In vitro delayed (cellular) hypersensitivity in multiple sclerosis to central nervous system antigens. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1970;39(4):361–367. doi: 10.1159/000230364. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Brockman J. A., Stiffey A. V. Multiple sclerosis: lymphocyte transformation by basic protein from bovine spinal cord. Experientia. 1970 Apr 15;26(4):413–414. doi: 10.1007/BF01896921. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. CLARK H. F., SHEPARD C. C. A DIALYSIS TECHNIQUE FOR PREPARING FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY. Virology. 1963 Aug;20:642–644. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(63)90292-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Cebra J. J., Goldstein G. Chromatographic purification of tetramethylrhodamine-immune globulin conjugates and their use in the cellular localization of rabbit gamma-globulin polypeptide chains. J Immunol. 1965 Aug;95(2):230–245. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Cook S. D., Dowling P. C., Murray M. R., Whitaker J. N. Circulating demyelinating factors in acute idiopathic polyneuropathy. Arch Neurol. 1971 Feb;24(2):136–144. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1971.00480320064006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dowling P. C., Kim S. U., Murray M. R., Cook S. D. Serum 19S and 7S demyelinating antibodies in multiple sclerosis. J Immunol. 1968 Nov;101(5):1101–1104. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Edgington T. S., Dalessio D. J. The assessment by immunofluorescence methods of humoral anti-myelin antibodies in man. J Immunol. 1970 Jul;105(1):248–255. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Field E. J., Caspary E. A., Madgwick H. Measles, multiple sclerosis, and encephalitogenic factor. Lancet. 1972 Aug 12;2(7772):337–337. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(72)92950-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. GRIESEMER R. A., GIBSON J. P. THE GNOTOBIOTIC DOG. Lab Anim Care. 1963 Aug;13:SUPPL643–SUPPL649. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hughes D., Field E. J. Myelotoxicity of serum and spinal fluid in multiple sclerosis: a critical assessment. Clin Exp Immunol. 1967 May;2(3):295–309. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kato M. Antibody formation to trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (cord factor) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect Immun. 1972 Feb;5(2):203–212. doi: 10.1128/iai.5.2.203-212.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Olsen R. G., Yohn D. S. Demonstration of antibody in cat sera to feline oncornavirus by complement-fixation inhibition. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1972 Aug;49(2):395–403. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Patterson R., Roberts M., Pruzansky J. J. Types of canine serum immunoglobulins. J Immunol. 1968 Oct;101(4):684–694. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Payne F. E., Baublis J. V., Itabashi H. H. Isolation of measles virus from cell cultures of brain from a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. N Engl J Med. 1969 Sep 11;281(11):585–589. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196909112811103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Penhale W. J., Pow I. A. The immunodepressive effect of rinderpest virus. Clin Exp Immunol. 1970 Apr;6(4):627–632. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Salmi A. A., Panelius M., Halonen P., Rinne U. K., Penttinen K. Measles virus antibody in cerebrospinal fluids from patients with multiple sclerosis. Br Med J. 1972 Feb 19;1(5798):477–479. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5798.477. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Smithwick E. M., Berkovich S. In vitro suppression of the lymphocyte response to tuberculin by live measles virus. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1966 Oct;123(1):276–278. doi: 10.3181/00379727-123-31465. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Thiele H. G., Stark R., Keeser D. Antigenic correlations between brain and thymus. I. Common antigenic structures in rat and mouse brain tissue and thymocytes. Eur J Immunol. 1972 Oct;2(5):424–429. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830020508. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Wender M., Adamczewska Z., Zórawski A. Fatty acid pattern of cerebral lipids in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Z Neurol. 1972;201(3):227–240. doi: 10.1007/BF00316415. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Wiśniewski H., Raine C. S., Kay W. J. Observations on viral demyelinating encephalomyelitis. Canine distemper. Lab Invest. 1972 May;26(5):589–599. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES