Skip to main content
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1974 Sep;10(3):597–604. doi: 10.1128/iai.10.3.597-604.1974

Measurement of Intracellular Iodophilic Polysaccharide in Two Cariogenic Strains of Streptococcus mutans by Cytochemical and Chemical Methods

J R DiPersio 1, S J Mattingly 1, M L Higgins 1, G D Shockman 1
PMCID: PMC422994  PMID: 4139118

Abstract

Quantitative cytological and chemical methods have been developed to study the intracellular iodophilic polysaccharide (IPS) content of two strains of Streptococcus mutans. The cytological method uses a periodic acid-chlorite treatment of thin sections to increase the affinity of IPS for uranyl and lead salts. This results in the IPS appearing as individual electron-dense granules which can be counted for quantitative studies. As a basis for these quantitative studies, IPS was measured chemically by dissolving whole cells with hot KOH and quantitating spectrophotometrically the amount of iodine-polysaccharide complex formed.

Full text

PDF
597

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Berman K. S., Gibbons R. J., Nalbandian J. Localization of intracellular polysaccharide granules in Streptococcus mitis. Arch Oral Biol. 1967 Oct;12(10):1133–1138. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(67)90061-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Boylen C. W., Pate J. L. Fine structure of Arthrobacter crystallopoietes during long-term starvation of rod and spherical stage cells. Can J Microbiol. 1973 Jan;19(1):1–5. doi: 10.1139/m73-001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. CEDERGREN B., HOLME T. On the glycogen in Escherichia coli B; electron microscopy of ultrathin sections of cells. J Ultrastruct Res. 1959 Oct;3:70–73. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5320(59)80016-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Critchley P., Saxton C. A., Kolendo A. B. The histology and histochemistry of dental plaque. Caries Res. 1968;2(2):115–129. doi: 10.1159/000259550. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. GIBBONS R. J., SOCRANSKY S. S. Intracellular polysaccharide storage by organisms in dental plaques. Its relation to dental caries and microbial ecology of the oral cavity. Arch Oral Biol. 1962 Jan-Feb;7:73–79. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(62)90050-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Guggenheim B., Schroeder H. E. Biochemical and morphological aspects of extracellular polysaccharides produced by cariogenic streptococci. Helv Odontol Acta. 1967 Oct;11(2):131–152. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. HANKER J. S., SEAMAN A. R., WEISS L. P., UENO H., BERGMAN R. A., SELIGMAN A. M. OSMIOPHILIC REAGENTS: NEW CYTOCHEMICAL PRINCIPLE FOR LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY. Science. 1964 Nov 20;146(3647):1039–1043. doi: 10.1126/science.146.3647.1039. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. HOLME T., CEDERGREN B. Demonstration of intracellular polysaccharide in Escherichia coli by electron microscopy and by cytochemical methods. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1961;51:179–186. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1961.tb00357.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Higgins M. L., Shockman G. D. Early changes in the ultrastructure of Streptococcus faecalis after amino acid starvation. J Bacteriol. 1970 Jul;103(1):244–253. doi: 10.1128/jb.103.1.244-253.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. KELLENBERGER E., RYTER A., SECHAUD J. Electron microscope study of DNA-containing plasms. II. Vegetative and mature phage DNA as compared with normal bacterial nucleoids in different physiological states. J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1958 Nov 25;4(6):671–678. doi: 10.1083/jcb.4.6.671. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. LUFT J. H. Improvements in epoxy resin embedding methods. J Biophys Biochem Cytol. 1961 Feb;9:409–414. doi: 10.1083/jcb.9.2.409. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. REYNOLDS E. S. The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron-opaque stain in electron microscopy. J Cell Biol. 1963 Apr;17:208–212. doi: 10.1083/jcb.17.1.208. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. TOENNIES G., KOLB J. J. CARBOHYDRATE ANALYSIS OF BACTERIAL SUBSTANCES BY A NEW ANTHRONE PROCEDURE. Anal Biochem. 1964 May;8:54–69. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(64)90168-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Van Houte J., Jansen H. M. The iodophilic polysaccharide synthesized by Stretococcus salivarius. Caries Res. 1968;2(1):47–56. doi: 10.1159/000259543. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES