Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1974 Oct;10(4):700–704. doi: 10.1128/iai.10.4.700-704.1974

Soluble Antigens of Mycelia and Spherules in the In Vitro Detection of Immunity to Coccidioides immitis

Stanley C Deresinski 1,2,3, H B Levine 1,2,3, David A Stevens 1,2,3
PMCID: PMC423009  PMID: 4426703

Abstract

The effect of a Coccidioides immitis spherule-derived antigen (spherulin) upon in vitro thymidine uptake by sensitized and nonsensitized lymphocytes was studied, and optimal conditions for the assay were determined. The mitogenic portion of the antigen was shown to be nondialyzable, as was true for a mycelial-derived antigen (coccidioidin). Concentrations of 20 μg of nondialyzable spherulin solids and 17 μg of nondialyzable coccidioidin solids per ml of culture were shown to be suitable for differentiating skin test-positive from skin test-negative individuals. Comparison with mycelial filtrate suggested spherulin may be a more potent mitogen for sensitized lymphocytes.

Full text

PDF
700

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Alford R. H., Goodwin R. A. Variation in lymphocyte reactivity to histoplasmin during the course of chronic pulmonary histoplasmosis. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1973 Jul;108(1):85–92. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1973.108.1.85. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chaparas S. D., Sheagren J. N., DeMeo A., Hedrick S. Correlation of human skin reactivity with lymphocyte transformation induced by mycobacterial antigens and histoplasmin. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1970 Jan;101(1):67–73. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1970.101.1.67. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Cloninger P., Thrupp L. D., Granger G. A., Novey H. S. Immunotherapy with transfer factor in disseminated coccidioidal osteomyelitis and arthritis. West J Med. 1974 Apr;120(4):322–325. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Graybill J. R., Silva J., Jr, Alford R. H., Thor D. E. Immunologic and clinical improvement of progressive coccidioidomycosis following administration of transfer factor. Cell Immunol. 1973 Jul;8(1):120–135. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(73)90099-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. LEVINE H. B., COBB J. M., SMITH C. E. Immunity to coccidioi-domycosis induced in mice by purified spherule, arthrospore, and mycelial vaccines. Trans N Y Acad Sci. 1960 Apr;22:436–449. doi: 10.1111/j.2164-0947.1960.tb00711.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Landay M. E., Wheat R. W., Conant N. F., Lowe E. P. Serological comparison of spherules and arthrospores of Coccidioides immitis. J Bacteriol. 1967 Nov;94(5):1400–1405. doi: 10.1128/jb.94.5.1400-1405.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Landay M. E., Wheat R. W., Conant N. F., Lowe E. P. Serological comparison of the three morphological phases of Coccidioides immitis by the agar gel diffusion method. J Bacteriol. 1967 Jan;93(1):1–6. doi: 10.1128/jb.93.1.1-6.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Levine H. B., Cobb J. M., Scalarone G. M. Spherule coccidioidin in delayed dermal sensitivity reactions of experimental animals. Sabouraudia. 1969 Feb;7(1):20–32. doi: 10.1080/00362177085190051. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Levine H. B., Gonzalez-Ochoa A., Ten Eyck D. R. Dermal sensitivity to Coccidioides immitis. A comparison of responses elicited in man by spherulin and coccidioidin. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1973 Mar;107(3):379–386. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1973.107.3.379. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Miller S. D., Jones H. E. Correlation of lymphocyte transformation with tuberculin skin-test sensitivity. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1973 Apr;107(4):530–538. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1973.107.4.530. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Rasmussen L. E., Jordan G. W., Stevens D. A., Merigan T. C. Lymphocyte interferon production and transformation after Herpes simplex infections in humans. J Immunol. 1974 Feb;112(2):728–736. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Ray J. G., Jr, Converse J. L. Agar-gel precipitin-inhibition test for coccidioidomycosis. II. Serological test antigen studies in agar-gel. Appl Microbiol. 1967 Sep;15(5):1054–1061. doi: 10.1128/am.15.5.1054-1061.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Stevens D. A., Levine H. B., TenEyck D. R. Dermal sensitivity to different doses of spherulin and coccidioidin. Chest. 1974 May;65(5):530–533. doi: 10.1378/chest.65.5.530. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Stevens D. A., Pappagianis D., Marinkovich V. A., Waddell T. F. Immunotherapy in recurrent coccidioidomycosis. Cell Immunol. 1974 Apr;12(1):37–48. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(74)90054-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Waxman J., Lockshin M. In vitro and in vivo cellular immunity in anergic miliary tuberculosis. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1973 Apr;107(4):661–664. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1973.107.4.661. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Zweiman B., Pappagianis D., Maibach H., Hildreth E. A. Coccidioidin delayed hypersensitivity: skin test and in vitro lymphocyte reactivities. J Immunol. 1969 May;102(5):1284–1289. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES