Table 1.
Participant demographics and chronic pain characteristics (n = 57)
| Demographics/Characteristic | M(SD) | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 45.12 (19.16) | - |
| Income ($ thousands) | 31 (41) | - |
| Sex | ||
| Female | - | 70% |
| Male | - | 30% |
| Ethnicity | ||
| Caucasian | - | 75.4% |
| African American/black | - | 7% |
| Indian | - | 3.5% |
| Hispanic | - | 3.5% |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | - | 7% |
| Other | - | 3.5% |
| Education | - | |
| No high School Education | - | 1.8% |
| High School Diploma/GED | - | 12.3% |
| Some College Education | - | 35.1% |
| College Degree | - | 21.1% |
| Some Graduate Education | - | 7.0% |
| Graduate School Degree | - | 22.8% |
| Marital Status | ||
| Single | - | 45.6% |
| Living With Partner | - | 7% |
| Married | - | 42.1% |
| Divorced | - | 3.5% |
| Separated | - | 1.8% |
| Current Pain Intensity (VAS 0 = “no pain”; 100 =“worst pain imaginable”) | 41.89 (25.84) | - |
| Usual Pain Intensity (VAS 0 = “no pain”; 100 =“worst pain imaginable”) | 51.18 (23.85) | - |
| Years experiencing chronic pain | 6.34 (7.34) | - |
| Participants who uses OTC meds for pain | - | 66.7% |
| Participants who use prescription meds for pain | - | 35.1% |
| Participants who use “commentary and alternative” treatments for pain | - | 36.8% |
| Current Pain Intensity (VAS 0 = “no pain”; 100 =“worst pain imaginable”) | 41.89 (25.84) | - |
| Diagnoses endorsed by participants | ||
| Low back pain | - | 63.2% |
| Fibromyalgia | - | 28.1% |
| Osteoarthritis | - | 19.3% |
| Irritable Bowel Disease | - | 15.8% |
| Other | - | 40.4% |
Note: VAS, Visual Analogue Scale; M, mean; SD, Standard Deviation, n, sample size; %, percentage; GED, General Educational Development Certificate of High School Equivalency.