Abstract
When mannose was included in the enzyme incubation medium during the preparation of protoplasts from leaves of spinach, maltose was an early product of protoplast photosynthesis and, after 12 minutes, accounted for up to 15% of the 14C incorporated from 14CO2. Maltose was not detected in protoplasts prepared in the normal enzyme medium. Rapid separation of cytoplasm and chloroplasts following exposure to 14CO2 showed that maltose was present in both fractions. Direct measurements of [14C]maltose uptake indicated transport across the chloroplast envelope at rates similar to the transport of glucose. The source of maltose and site of its initial formation are discussed.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Arnon D. I. COPPER ENZYMES IN ISOLATED CHLOROPLASTS. POLYPHENOLOXIDASE IN BETA VULGARIS. Plant Physiol. 1949 Jan;24(1):1–15. doi: 10.1104/pp.24.1.1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Edwards G. E., Robinson S. P., Tyler N. J., Walker D. A. Photosynthesis by isolated protoplasts, protoplast extracts, and chloroplasts of wheat: influence of orthophosphate, pyrophosphate, and adenylates. Plant Physiol. 1978 Aug;62(2):313–319. doi: 10.1104/pp.62.2.313. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Heldt H. W., Chon C. J., Maronde D. Role of orthophosphate and other factors in the regulation of starch formation in leaves and isolated chloroplasts. Plant Physiol. 1977 Jun;59(6):1146–1155. doi: 10.1104/pp.59.6.1146. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Heldt H. W., Sauer F. The inner membrane of the chloroplast envelope as the site of specific metabolite transport. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Apr 6;234(1):83–91. doi: 10.1016/0005-2728(71)90133-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Levi C., Gibbs M. Starch degradation in isolated spinach chloroplasts. Plant Physiol. 1976 Jun;57(6):933–935. doi: 10.1104/pp.57.6.933. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Levi C., Preiss J. Amylopectin degradation in pea chloroplast extracts. Plant Physiol. 1978 Feb;61(2):218–220. doi: 10.1104/pp.61.2.218. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lilley R. M., Walker D. A. The reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate by reconstituted chloroplasts and by chloroplast extracts. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1974 Dec 19;368(3):269–278. doi: 10.1016/0005-2728(74)90174-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Okita T. W., Greenberg E., Kuhn D. N., Preiss J. Subcellular localization of the starch degradative and biosynthetic enzymes of spinach leaves. Plant Physiol. 1979 Aug;64(2):187–192. doi: 10.1104/pp.64.2.187. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Peavey D. G., Steup M., Gibbs M. Characterization of starch breakdown in the intact spinach chloroplast. Plant Physiol. 1977 Aug;60(2):305–308. doi: 10.1104/pp.60.2.305. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Robinson S. P., McNeil P. H., Walker D. A. Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase--lack of dark inactivation of the enzyme in experiments with protoplasts. FEBS Lett. 1979 Jan 15;97(2):296–300. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(79)80106-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Robinson S. P., Walker D. A. Rapid separation of the chloroplast and cytoplasmic fractions from intact leaf protoplasts. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1979 Sep;196(2):319–323. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(79)90584-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Robinson S. P., Walker D. A. The site of sucrose synthesis in isolated leaf protoplasts. FEBS Lett. 1979 Nov 15;107(2):295–299. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(79)80394-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schilling N., Scheibe R., Beck E., Kandler O. Maltose phosphate in isolated spinach chloroplasts. FEBS Lett. 1976 Jan 15;61(2):192–193. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(76)81035-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schäfer G., Heber U. Glucose transport into spinach chloroplasts. Plant Physiol. 1977 Aug;60(2):286–289. doi: 10.1104/pp.60.2.286. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]