Table 1.
Clinical and biomarker characteristics of study population
| CGD (n=41) | Control (n=25) | |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Characteristics | ||
| Age | 32.5±9.3 | 32.1±7.1 |
| Male, N (%)* | 31 (75.6%) | 12 (48.0%) |
| Hypertension* | 12 (29.3%) | 1(4.0%) |
| Diabetes | 3 (7.3%) | 0 (0%) |
| Smoking | 14 (34.2%) | 7 (28.0%) |
| Family CVD history* | 22 (56.4%) | 6 (24.0%) |
| Lipid Levels | ||
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 153.2±35.0 | 162.4±28.1 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 92.7±33.9 | 84.7±21.7 |
| HDL (mg/dL) *** | 38.1±10.9 | 60.2±14.7 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 110.6±68.2 | 87.8±50.9 |
| Oxidized LDL (mg/dL) *** | 65.0±37.2 | 23.4±18.6 |
| Other Biomarkers | ||
| hsCRP (mg/L) *** | 8.9±10.1 | 2.4±3.8 |
| Nitrite (NO2−, μM) | 2.6±1.5 | 2.8±1.0 |
| Nitrate (NO3−, μM) | 24.7±16.8 | 22.8±17.6 |
| Neutrophil proteins | ||
| Lactoferrin (ng/ml) *** | 722.6±832.0 | 225.0±98.3 |
| MPO (ng/ml) ** | 473.0±810.7 | 118.4±76.3 |
| MMP-9 (ng/ml) *** | 375.7±420.4 | 134.5±63.9 |
| α-Defensins (ng/ml)* | 56.3±137.1 | 8.1±5.3 |
| Cytokines | ||
| IFN-γ (pg/ml) | 5.5±16.1 | 1.8±6.0 |
| TNF-α(pg/ml)** | 10.7±5.7 | 4.7±7.4 |
| GM-CSF (pg/ml)* | 3.1±6.8 | 0.7±0.7 |
| IL-1β(pg/ml) | 1.2±4.4 | 0.4±0.5 |
| IL-2 (pg/ml) | 0.8±0.8 | 1.2±2.5 |
| IL-4 (pg/ml) | 0.2±0.5 | 0.3±0.6 |
| IL-5 (pg/ml) | 1.8±6.1 | 2.3±7.1 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml)** | 10.3±11.0 | 4.4±5.5 |
| IL-10 (pg/ml) | 3.9±8.0 | 10.3±37.4 |
| IL-12p70 (pg/ml) | 10.0±56.7 | 31.9±146.9 |
| IL-13 (pg/ml) | 2.2±4.4 | 45.5±184.5 |
| IL-17 (pg/ml) | 12.6±19.1 | 7.6±7.8 |
| Chemokines | ||
| CCL3 (MIP-1α, pg/ml) | 38.8±42.2 | 27.7±13.7 |
| CCL4 (MIP-1β, pg/ml)** | 178.7±226.5 | 60.2±39.0 |
| CCL5 (RANTES, ng/ml) | 25.9±19.2 | 25.9±13. 3 |
| CXCL8 (IL-8, pg/ml)* | 19.6±37.6 | 5.5±6.6 |
| Soluble Selectins | ||
| sL-selectin (ng/ml) | 1,163.9±245.6 | 1,152.5±187.5 |
| sE-selectin (ng/ml)* | 39.8 ± 17.4 | 31.3±13.8 |
| Soluble Receptors | ||
| TNFR1 (pg/ml) | 3,376.0±2434.9 | 2,914.8±1,256.7 |
| TNFR2 (pg/ml) *** | 3,986.5±2,170.6 | 2,389.4±652.2 |
| IL-6R (pg/ml) | 18,223.8±4,780.8 | 18,695.1±5,162.2 |
Means ± SD.
*
denotes P ≤ 0.05,
**
denotes P ≤ 0.01, and
***
denotes P ≤ 0.001 for difference between CGD and control patients respectively.
Abbreviations: CGD, chronic granulomatous disease; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; hsCRP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; MPO, myeloperoxidase; IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; GM-CSF, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor; MIP, macrophage inflammatory protein; MMP, matrix metallopeptidase