Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1972 Jun;69(6):1421–1424. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.6.1421

Inhibition of Influenza Virus Replication by α-Amanitin: Mode of Action

B W J Mahy 1, N D Hastie 1, Sylvia J Armstrong 1
PMCID: PMC426716  PMID: 4504353

Abstract

The replication of influenza virus in chick embryo fibroblast cells is inhibited by α-amanitin added during the first 2 hr of infection at concentrations similar to those required to inhibit cellular DNA-dependent RNA polymerase form II in vivo. Of two periods of increased RNA synthesis observed in cells infected with influenza virus, only the first, occurring from 0 to 2 hr after infection, is sensitive to α-amanitin. During this early period, there is a stimulation of the activity of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II of nuclei isolated from infected cells. The data suggest that DNA transcription mediated by polymerase II is essential for influenza virus replication.

Keywords: chick embryo fibroblast, nucleus, polymerase II, parainfluenza virus

Full text

PDF
1421

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BADER J. P. THE REQUIREMENT FOR DNA SYNTHESIS IN THE GROWTH OF ROUS SARCOMA AND ROUS-ASSOCIATED VIRUSES. Virology. 1965 Jun;26:253–261. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(65)90272-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BARRY R. D., IVES D. R., CRUICKSHANK J. G. Participation of deoxyribonucleic acid in the multiplication of influenza virus. Nature. 1962 Jun 23;194:1139–1140. doi: 10.1038/1941139a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. BARRY R. D. THE EFFECTS OF ACTINOMYCIN D AND ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATION ON THE PRODUCTION OF FOWL PLAGUE VIRUS. Virology. 1964 Dec;24:563–569. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(64)90208-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. BUTHALA D. A. CELL CULTURE STUDIES ON ANTIVIRAL AGENTS. I. ACTION OF CYTOSINE ARABINOSIDE AND SOME COMPARISONS WITH 5-IODO-2-DEOXYURIDINE. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1964 Jan;115:69–77. doi: 10.3181/00379727-115-28834. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Borland R., Mahy B. W. Deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase activity in cells infected with influenza virus. J Virol. 1968 Jan;2(1):33–39. doi: 10.1128/jvi.2.1.33-39.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Butterworth P. H., Cox R. F., Chesterton C. J. Transcription of mammalian chromatin by mammalian DNA-dependent RNA polymerases. Eur J Biochem. 1971 Nov 11;23(2):229–241. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1971.tb01613.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. CHAUVEAU J., MOULE Y., ROUILLER C. Isolation of pure and unaltered liver nuclei morphology and biochemical composition. Exp Cell Res. 1956 Aug;11(2):317–321. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(56)90107-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Chesterton C. J., Butterworth P. H.W. Studies on the origin of the form Ib mammalian DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. FEBS Lett. 1971 Mar 22;13(5):275–278. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(71)80239-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Compans R. W., Klenk H. D., Caliguiri L. A., Choppin P. W. Influenza virus proteins. I. Analysis of polypeptides of the virion and identification of spike glycoproteins. Virology. 1970 Dec;42(4):880–889. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(70)90337-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Dimmock N. J. New virus-specific antigens in cells infected with influenza virus. Virology. 1969 Oct;39(2):224–234. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(69)90042-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Fiume L., La Placa M., Portolani M. Ricerche sul meccanismo dell'azione citopatogena della alpha-amanitina. Sperimentale. 1966 Jan-Feb;116(1):15–25. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Ghendon Y., Ginsburg V. P., Soloviev G. Y., Markushin S. G. The fate of influenza virus RNA in cells treated with ultraviolet rays. J Gen Virol. 1970 Feb;6(2):249–255. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-6-2-249. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kedinger C., Gniazdowski M., Mandel J. L., Jr, Gissinger F., Chambon P. Alpha-amanitin: a specific inhibitor of one of two DNA-pendent RNA polymerase activities from calf thymus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1970 Jan 6;38(1):165–171. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(70)91099-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Lawson D. E., Wilson P. W., Barker D. C., Kodicek E. Isolation of chick intestinal nuclei. Effect of vitamin D3 on nuclear metabolism. Biochem J. 1969 Nov;115(2):263–268. doi: 10.1042/bj1150263. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Lindell T. J., Weinberg F., Morris P. W., Roeder R. G., Rutter W. J. Specific inhibition of nuclear RNA polymerase II by alpha-amanitin. Science. 1970 Oct 23;170(3956):447–449. doi: 10.1126/science.170.3956.447. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Mahy B. W., Bromley P. A. In vitro product of a ribonucleic acid polymerase induced by influenza virus. J Virol. 1970 Sep;6(3):259–268. doi: 10.1128/jvi.6.3.259-268.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Mahy B. W., Hutchinson J. E., Barry R. D. Ribonucleic acid polymerase induced in cells infected with Sendai virus. J Virol. 1970 Jun;5(6):663–671. doi: 10.1128/jvi.5.6.663-671.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Nayak D. P., Rasmussen A. F., Jr Influence of mitomycin C on the replication of influenza viruses. Virology. 1966 Dec;30(4):673–683. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(66)90172-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Novello F., Stirpe F. Simultaneous assay of RNA polymerase I and II in nuclei isolated from resting and growing rat liver with the use of alpha-amanitin. FEBS Lett. 1970 May 11;8(1):57–60. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(70)80225-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Penhoet E., Miller H., Doyle M., Blatti S. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in influenza virions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Jun;68(6):1369–1371. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.6.1369. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Roeder R. G., Rutter W. J. Multiple forms of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase in eukaryotic organisms. Nature. 1969 Oct 18;224(5216):234–237. doi: 10.1038/224234a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Roeder R. G., Rutter W. J. Specific nucleolar and nucleoplasmic RNA polymerases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970 Mar;65(3):675–682. doi: 10.1073/pnas.65.3.675. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Rott R., Scholtissek C. Specific inhibition of influenza replication by alpha-amanitin. Nature. 1970 Oct 3;228(5266):56–56. doi: 10.1038/228056a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. SCHOLTISSEK C., ROTT R. [Relation between the synthesis of ribonucleic acid and protein in the propagation of a virus of the influenza group (fowlplague virus)]. Z Naturforsch B. 1961 Oct;16B:663–673. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Schulze I. T. The structure of influenza virus. I. The polypeptides of the virion. Virology. 1970 Dec;42(4):890–904. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(70)90338-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. WHITE D. O., DAY H. M., BATCHELDER E. J., CHEYNE I. M., WANSBROUGH A. J. DELAY IN THE MULTIPLICATION OF INFLUENZA VIRUS. Virology. 1965 Feb;25:289–302. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(65)90207-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Zanetti M., Foa L., Costanzo F., La Placa M. Specific inhibition of Rous sarcoma virus by -amanitin. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch. 1971;34(4):255–260. doi: 10.1007/BF01242970. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Zylber E. A., Penman S. Products of RNA polymerases in HeLa cell nuclei. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Nov;68(11):2861–2865. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.11.2861. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES