Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of DCCT participants at DCCT baseline and closeout
| Primary cohort |
Secondary cohort |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intensive (N = 65) | Conventional (N = 58) | P value | Intensive (N = 57) | Conventional (N = 36) | P value | |
| DCCT baseline | ||||||
| Age (years) | 28 ± 6 | 26 ± 7 | 0.016 | 30 ± 7 | 30 ± 6 | |
| Duration (months) | 31 ± 19 | 27 ± 14 | 108 ± 51 | 90 ± 43 | ||
| A1C | ||||||
| % | 8.8 ± 1.9 | 9.1 ± 1.9 | 8.9 ± 1.5 | 8.3 ± 1.2 | 0.022 | |
| mmol/mol | 73 ± 20.8 | 76 ± 20.8 | 74 ± 16.2 | 67 ± 13.1 | ||
| Mean blood glucose (mg/dL) | 221 ± 83 | 245 ± 85 | 237 ± 76 | 214 ± 72 | ||
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 79 ± 66 | 65 ± 23 | 97 ± 48 | 86 ± 56 | ||
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 182 ± 33 | 174 ± 32 | 181 ± 36 | 176 ± 37 | ||
| Retinopathy (%) | ||||||
| 10/10: none | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | ||
| 20/≤20: microaneurysms only | 0 | 0 | 58 | 61 | ||
| 30/≤30: mild NPDR | 0 | 0 | 23 | 25 | ||
| 45/≤45: moderate NPDR | 0 | 0 | 19 | 14 | ||
| AER >40 mg/24 h (%) | 1.5 | 0.0 | 10.5 | 8.3 | ||
| Confirmed clinical neuropathy (%) | 6.2 | 1.7 | 17.9 | 11.1 | ||
| SBP (mmHg) | 116 ± 10 | 114 ± 11 | 115 ± 12 | 120 ± 12 | 0.042 | |
| DBP (mmHg) | 73 ± 9 | 72 ± 9 | 73 ± 8 | 76 ± 10 | ||
| DCCT closeout | ||||||
| Age (years) | 34 ± 6 | 31 ± 7 | 0.013 | 36 ± 7 | 36 ± 6 | |
| Duration (months) | 101 ± 31 | 94 ± 23 | 189 ± 55 | 169 ± 46 | ||
| DCCT mean A1C | ||||||
| % | 7.1 ± 0.8 | 9.5 ± 1.4 | <0.001 | 7.1 ± 0.8 | 8.8 ± 1.5 | <0.001 |
| mmol/mol | 54 ± 8.7 | 80 ± 15.3 | 54 ± 8.7 | 73 ± 16.4 | ||
| Mean blood glucose (mg/dL) | 149 ± 48 | 239 ± 76 | <0.001 | 152 ± 46 | 215 ± 83 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 72 ± 35 | 76 ± 34 | 91 ± 57 | 78 ± 36 | ||
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 175 ± 31 | 178 ± 33 | 181 ± 33 | 178 ± 33 | ||
| Retinopathy (%) | 0.005 | |||||
| 10/10: none | 58 | 36 | 4 | 3 | ||
| 20/≤20: microaneurysms only | 37 | 41 | 30 | 36 | ||
| 30/≤30: mild NPDR | 2 | 19 | 44 | 36 | ||
| 45/≤45: moderate NPDR | 3 | 3 | 23 | 25 | ||
| AER >40 mg/24 h | 3.1 | 10.3 | 14.0 | 11.1 | ||
| Confirmed clinical neuropathy (%) | 2.3 | 4.8 | 12.7 | 17.1 | ||
| SBP (mmHg) | 115 ± 9 | 115 ± 11 | 118 ± 9 | 121 ± 14 | ||
| DBP (mmHg) | 75 ± 9 | 74 ± 8 | 77 ± 8 | 77 ± 11 | ||
Data are mean ± SD, unless otherwise indicated. DBP, diastolic blood pressure; NPDR, nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; SBP, systolic blood pressure.