Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy logoLink to Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
. 1975 Jan;7(1):8–14. doi: 10.1128/aac.7.1.8

Mechanism of Plasmid-Mediated Resistance to Cadmium in Staphylococcus aureus

I Chopra 1
PMCID: PMC429063  PMID: 1137361

Abstract

The mechanism of plasmid-mediated resistance to cadmium in Staphylococcus aureus was investigated. Protein synthesis in cell-free extracts from resistant or susceptible bacteria was equally susceptible to inhibition by Cd2+, but spheroplasts from resistant bacteria retained their resistance. Resistant bacteria did not have a decreased affinity for cations in general, nor was active metabolism required for exclusion of Cd2+. The kinetics of Cd2+ uptake into susceptible and resistant bacteria suggested that the conformation of membrane proteins in resistant bacteria may be important in the exclusion of Cd2+.

Full text

PDF
8

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Asheshov E. H. The genetics of penicillinase production in Staphylococcus aureus strain PS80. J Gen Microbiol. 1969 Dec;59(3):289–301. doi: 10.1099/00221287-59-3-289. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chopra I. Decreased uptake of cadmium by a resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus. J Gen Microbiol. 1970 Oct;63(2):265–267. doi: 10.1099/00221287-63-2-265. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chopra I., Lacey R. W., Connolly J. Biochemical and genetic basis of tetracycline resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1974 Oct;6(4):397–404. doi: 10.1128/aac.6.4.397. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chopra I., Lacey R. W. Lack of correlation between methicillin resistance and susceptibility to lysostaphin in Staphylococcus aureus. J Gen Microbiol. 1974 Jun;82(2):419–420. doi: 10.1099/00221287-82-2-419. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Coleman R. Membrane-bound enzymes and membrane ultrastructure. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973 Apr 3;300(1):1–30. doi: 10.1016/0304-4157(73)90010-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Connamacher R. H., Mandel H. G., Hahn F. E. Adaptation of populations of Bacillus cereus to tetracycline. Mol Pharmacol. 1967 Nov;3(6):586–594. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dyke K. G., Parker M. T., Richmond M. H. Penicillinase production and metal-ion resistance in Staphylococcus aureus cultures isolated from hospital patients. J Med Microbiol. 1970 Feb;3(1):125–136. doi: 10.1099/00222615-3-1-125. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Esfahani M., Limbrick A. R., Knutton S., Oka T., Wakil S. J. The molecular organization of lipids in the membrane of Escherichia coli: phase transitions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Dec;68(12):3180–3184. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.12.3180. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Fried V. A., Novick A. Organic solvents as probes for the structure and function of the bacterial membrane: effects of ethanol on the wild type and an ethanol-resistant mutant of Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1973 Apr;114(1):239–248. doi: 10.1128/jb.114.1.239-248.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Grinsted J., Saunders J. R., Ingram L. C., Sykes R. B., Richmond M. H. Properties of a R factor which originated in Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1822. J Bacteriol. 1972 May;110(2):529–537. doi: 10.1128/jb.110.2.529-537.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hall B. M. Distribution of mercury resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolated from a hospital community. J Hyg (Lond) 1970 Mar;68(1):111–119. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400028564. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hall B. M. Mercury resistance of Staphylococcus aureus. J Hyg (Lond) 1970 Mar;68(1):121–129. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400028576. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. KLOOS W. E., PATTEE P. A. A BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HISTIDINE-DEPENDENT MUTANTS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS. J Gen Microbiol. 1965 May;39:185–194. doi: 10.1099/00221287-39-2-185. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kempner E. S. Trace metal analysis of nutrient broth. Appl Microbiol. 1967 Nov;15(6):1525–1526. doi: 10.1128/am.15.6.1525-1526.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kondo I., Ishikawa T., Nakahara H. Mercury and cadmium resistances mediated by the penicillinase plasmid in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol. 1974 Jan;117(1):1–7. doi: 10.1128/jb.117.1.1-7.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kushner D. J., Khan S. R. Proflavine Uptake and Release in Sensitive and Resistant Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1968 Oct;96(4):1103–1114. doi: 10.1128/jb.96.4.1103-1114.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Lacey R. W., Chopra I. Evidence for mutation to streptomycin resistance in clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus. J Gen Microbiol. 1972 Nov;73(1):175–180. doi: 10.1099/00221287-73-1-175. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lacey R. W., Chopra I. Genetic studies of a multi-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus. J Med Microbiol. 1974 May;7(2):285–297. doi: 10.1099/00222615-7-2-285. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lacey R. W., Grinsted J. Linkage of fusidic acid resistance to the penicillinase plasmid in Staphylococcus aureus. J Gen Microbiol. 1972 Dec;73(3):501–508. doi: 10.1099/00221287-73-3-501. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Lacey R. W. Transfer of tetracycline-resistance between strains of Staphylococcus aureus in mixed cultures. J Gen Microbiol. 1971 Dec;69(2):229–237. doi: 10.1099/00221287-69-2-229. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. MARTELL A. E. Some factors governing chelating tendencies and selectivities in the interaction of ligands with metal ions. Fed Proc. 1961 Sep;20(3):35–38. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. MOORE B. A new screen test and selective medium for the rapid detection of epidemic strains of Staph. aureus. Lancet. 1960 Aug 27;2(7148):453–458. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(60)91591-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Machtiger N. A., Fox C. F. Biochemistry of bacterial membranes. Annu Rev Biochem. 1973;42:575–600. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.42.070173.003043. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Moses R. E., Richardson C. C. Replication and repair of DNA in cells of Escherichia coli treated with toluene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970 Oct;67(2):674–681. doi: 10.1073/pnas.67.2.674. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Nelson D. L., Kennedy E. P. Magnesium transport in Escherichia coli. Inhibition by cobaltous ion. J Biol Chem. 1971 May 10;246(9):3042–3049. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Novick R. P., Bouanchaud D. The problems of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Extrachromosomal nature of drug resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1971 Jun 11;182:279–294. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1971.tb30664.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Novick R. P., Roth C. Plasmid-linked resistance to inorganic salts in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol. 1968 Apr;95(4):1335–1342. doi: 10.1128/jb.95.4.1335-1342.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Peyru G., Wexler L. F., Novick R. P. Naturally occurring penicillinase plasmids in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol. 1969 Apr;98(1):215–221. doi: 10.1128/jb.98.1.215-221.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. RICHMOND M. H., JOHN M. CO-TRANSDUCTION BY A STAPHYLOCOCCAL PHAGE OF THE GENES RESPONSIBLE FOR PENICILLINASE SYNTHESIS AND RESISTANCE TO MERCURY SALTS. Nature. 1964 Jun 27;202:1360–1361. doi: 10.1038/2021360a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. ROTHSTEIN A. Cell membrane as site of action of heavy metals. Fed Proc. 1959 Dec;18:1026–1038. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. VACZI L., FODOR M., MILCH H., RETHY A. Studies on the mercuric chloride resistance of Staphylococcus aureus. Acta Microbiol Acad Sci Hung. 1962;9:81–87. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. WILLIAMS R. J. Nature and properties of metal ions of biological interest and their coordination compounds. Fed Proc. 1961 Sep;2:5–14. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Webb M. Interrelationships between the utilization of magnesium and the uptake of other bivalent cations by bacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Nov 24;222(2):428–439. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(70)90133-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Webb M. The mechanism of acquired resistance to Co2+ and Ni2+ in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Nov 24;222(2):440–446. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(70)90134-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Wuthier R. E. Purification of lipids from nonlipid contaminants on Sephadex bead columns. J Lipid Res. 1966 Jul;7(4):558–561. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES