The hyperplastic Tgfbr2-deficient conjunctiva exhibits increased SPDEF expression associated with the goblet cell expansion. (A-C) Immunohistochemistry on the conjunctival epithelium in wild-type (A) and Tgfbr2 cKO mice (B), and the invaginated conjunctival epithelium within the subepithelial stroma of Tgfbr2 cKO eyes (C) showed similar expression of KLF5. (D-F) Alcian Blue-positive goblet cells within the conjunctiva of wild-type mice expressed SPDEF (D, black arrows). Alcian Blue-positive goblet cells (black arrows), as well as some stratified Alcian Blue-negative epithelial cells (white arrows) within the conjunctiva (E) and the epithelial invaginations (F) of Tgfbr2 cKO mice strongly expressed SPDEF. Nuclear Fast Red stains all nuclei in red. Scale bars: 20 µm. (G-H′) Conjunctival fornix (G,H) from wild-type (G,G′) and Tgfbr2 cKO (H,H′) mice were subjected to laser-capture microdissection and RNA extraction. (I) Tgfbr2 cKO conjunctival epithelium expressed Spdef over 400,000 fold more than in wild type. Data represent the mean±s.d.; Student's t-test, *P=0.00006. f, fornix.