Table 1. Risk quotient estimates for each study.

	Malathion	Permethrin
Karpati et al. (2004) c	NAa	0.99b
United States Environmental Protection Agency (2005c) d and United States Environmental Protection Agency (2005d) d	0.018	0.025
Currier et al. (2005) e	NAa	0.99b
O’Sullivan et al. (2005) c	0.99b	NAa
Peterson, Macedo & Davis (2006) d	0.0076	0.0021
Suffolk County (2006) d	0.015	0.013
Macedo, Peterson & Davis (2007) d	NAa	0.023
Valcke, Gosselin & Belleville (2008) d	0.64	NAa
Schleier III (2008) d	NAa	0.00025
Schleier III et al. (2009a) d	0.02	NAa
Schleier III et al. (2009b) d	0.0017	0.000068

Notes.

^aNot applicable because the chemical was not assessed.

^bA risk quotient of 0.99 was used because it provides a conservative estimate of the risk for biomonitoring and epidemiology studies and due to a lack of knowledge about the true value, which must be below 1 if no effect is seen.

^cEpidemiological study.

^dRisk assessment.

^eBiomonitoring study.