Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1976 Dec;73(12):4324–4328. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.12.4324

Endonuclease II, apurinic acid endonuclease, and exonuclease III.

D M Kirtikar, G R Cathcart, D A Goldthwait
PMCID: PMC431444  PMID: 794874

Abstract

An endonuclease of Escherichia coli active on a DNA treated with methylmethane sulfonate has been separated from an endonuclease active on depurinated sites. The former enzyme is disignated here as endonuclease II, while the latter enzyme is designated as apurinic acid endonuclease. Endonuclease II is also active on DNA treated with methylnitrosourea, 7-bromomethyl-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene, and gamma-irradiation. A third fraction which contains activities for both depurinated and alkylated sites needs further study. Endonuclease II, molecular weight 33,000, has been purified 12,500-fold and does not have exonuclease III activity. Apurinic acid endonuclease, molecular weight 31,500, has been purified 11,000-fold and does not have exonuclease III activity. Exonuclease III, molecular weight 26,000, has been purified 2300-fold and does not have endonucleolytic activity at depurinated reduced sites or at alkylated sites in DNA. Therefore, these are three separate proteins. Exonuclease III can produce, presumably by its exonucleolytic activity, double-strand breaks in heavily alkylated DNA under conditions where it does not make single-strand endonucleolytic breaks at either depurinated-reduced or alkylated sites.

Full text

PDF
4324

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bachmann B. J., Low K. B., Taylor A. L. Recalibrated linkage map of Escherichia coli K-12. Bacteriol Rev. 1976 Mar;40(1):116–167. doi: 10.1128/br.40.1.116-167.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Friedberg E. C., Goldthwait D. A. Endonuclease II of E. coli. I. Isolation and purification. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Mar;62(3):934–940. doi: 10.1073/pnas.62.3.934. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Friedberg E. C., Hadi S. M., Goldthwait D. A. Endonuclease II of Escherichia coli. II. Enzyme properties and studies on the degradation of alkylated and native deoxyribonucleic acid. J Biol Chem. 1969 Nov 10;244(21):5879–5889. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Hadi S. M., Goldthwait D. A. Endonuclease II of Escherichia coli. Degradation of partially depurinated deoxyribonucleic acid. Biochemistry. 1971 Dec 21;10(26):4986–4993. doi: 10.1021/bi00802a024. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Kirtikar D. M., Dipple A., Goldthwait D. A. Endonuclease II of Escherichia coli: DNA reacted with 7-bromomethyl-12-methylbenz[alpha]anthracene as a substrate. Biochemistry. 1975 Dec 30;14(26):5548–5553. doi: 10.1021/bi00697a002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Kirtikar D. M., Goldthwait D. A. The enzymatic release of O6-methylguanine and 3-methyladenine from DNA reacted with the carcinogen N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 May;71(5):2022–2026. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.5.2022. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Kirtikar D. M., Slaughter J., Goldthwait D. A. Endonuclease II of Escherichia coli: degradation of gammairradiated DNA. Biochemistry. 1975 Mar 25;14(6):1235–1244. doi: 10.1021/bi00677a023. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kushner S. R., Nagaishi H., Templin A., Clark A. J. Genetic recombination in Escherichia coli: the role of exonuclease I. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Apr;68(4):824–827. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.4.824. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Lindahl T. New class of enzymes acting on damaged DNA. Nature. 1976 Jan 1;259(5538):64–66. doi: 10.1038/259064a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Ljungquist S., Lindahl T., Howard-Flanders P. Methyl methane sulfonate-sensitive mutant of Escherichia coli deficient in an endonuclease specific for apurinic sites in deoxyribonucleic acid. J Bacteriol. 1976 May;126(2):646–653. doi: 10.1128/jb.126.2.646-653.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Melgar E., Goldthwait D. A. Deoxyribonucleic acid nucleases. I. The use of a new method to observe the kinetics of deoxyribonucleic acid degradation by deoxyribonuclease I, deoxyribonuclease II, and Escherichia coli endonuclease I. J Biol Chem. 1968 Sep 10;243(17):4401–4408. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Paquette Y., Crine P., Verly W. G. Properties of the endonuclease for depurinated DNA from Escherichia coli. Can J Biochem. 1972 Nov;50(11):1199–1209. doi: 10.1139/o72-163. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. RICHARDSON C. C., KORNBERG A. A DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID PHOSPHATASE-EXONUCLEASE FROM ESCHERICHIA COLI. I. PURIFICATION OF THE ENZYME AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY. J Biol Chem. 1964 Jan;239:242–250. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Strauss B. S., Robbins M. DNA methylated in vitro by a monofunctional alkylating agent as a substrate for a specific nuclease from Micrococcus lysodeikticus. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1968 Jun 18;161(1):68–75. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(68)90295-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Verly W. G., Paquette Y. An endonuclease for depurinated DNA in Escherichia coli B. Can J Biochem. 1972 Feb;50(2):217–224. doi: 10.1139/o72-029. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Verly W. G., Rassart E. Purification of Escherichia coli endonuclease specific for apurinic sites in DNA. J Biol Chem. 1975 Oct 25;250(20):8214–8219. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Weiss B. Endonuclease II of Escherichia coli is exonuclease III. J Biol Chem. 1976 Apr 10;251(7):1896–1901. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. White B. J., Hochhauser S. J., Cintron N. M., Weiss B. Genetic mapping of xthA, the structural gene for exonuclease III in Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1976 Jun;126(3):1082–1088. doi: 10.1128/jb.126.3.1082-1088.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Yajko D. M., Weiss B. Mutations simultaneously affecting endonuclease II and exonuclease III in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Feb;72(2):688–692. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.2.688. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES