Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1977 Jun;74(6):2579–2583. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.6.2579

Cholinergic metabolism and synapse formation by a rat nerve cell line.

D Schubert, S Heinemann, Y Kidokoro
PMCID: PMC432217  PMID: 196294

Abstract

The PC12 clone of a rat pheochromocytoma is able to synthesize acetylcholine. The amount of acetylcholine synthesized, and the specific activity of choline O-acetyltransferase (acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.6), varies as a function of the culture growth curve and is dependent on cell density. The specific activity of choline acetyltransferase is increased by nerve growth factor, growth-conditioned medium from a variety of cell types, and adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate. Finally, the PC12 cell line is able to form cholinergic synapses with a clonal cell line of skeletal muscle origin.

Full text

PDF
2579

Images in this article

2582Image
on p.2582

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Abramson F. P., McCaman M. W., McCaman R. E. Femtomole level of analysis of biogenic amines and amino acids using functional group mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem. 1974 Feb;57(2):482–499. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(74)90104-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bray D. Surface movements during the growth of single explanted neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970 Apr;65(4):905–910. doi: 10.1073/pnas.65.4.905. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Crain S. M., Peterson E. R. Development of neural connections in culture. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1974 Mar 22;228(0):6–34. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1974.tb20499.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Eränkö L. Ultrastructure of the developing sympathetic nerve cell and the storage of catecholamines. Brain Res. 1972 Nov 13;46:159–175. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(72)90013-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Furmanski P., Silverman D. J., Lubin M. Expression of differentiated functions in mouse neuroblastoma mediated by dibutyryl-cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Nature. 1971 Oct 8;233(5319):413–415. doi: 10.1038/233413a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Furshpan E. J., MacLeish P. R., O'Lague P. H., Potter D. D. Chemical transmission between rat sympathetic neurons and cardiac myocytes developing in microcultures: evidence for cholinergic, adrenergic, and dual-function neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Nov;73(11):4225–4229. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.11.4225. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Garrels J. I., Gibson W. Identification and characterization of multiple forms of actin. Cell. 1976 Dec;9(4 Pt 2):793–805. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90142-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Geffen L. B., Livett B. G. Synaptic vesicles in sympathetic neurons. Physiol Rev. 1971 Jan;51(1):98–157. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1971.51.1.98. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Greene L. A., Tischler A. S. Establishment of a noradrenergic clonal line of rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells which respond to nerve growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Jul;73(7):2424–2428. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.7.2424. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Haggerty D. F., Young P. L., Buese J. V. The effect of population density on phenylalanine hydroxylase activity in rat-hepatoma cells in culture. Dev Biol. 1974 Sep;40(1):16–23. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(74)90103-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Horibata K., Harris A. W. Mouse myelomas and lymphomas in culture. Exp Cell Res. 1970 Apr;60(1):61–77. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(70)90489-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Johnson M., Ross D., Meyers M., Rees R., Bunge R., Wakshull E., Burton H. Synaptic vesicle cytochemistry changes when cultured sympathetic neurones develop cholinergic interactions. Nature. 1976 Jul 22;262(5566):308–310. doi: 10.1038/262308a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kidokoro Y., Heinemann S. Synapse formation between clonal muscle cells and rat spinal cord explants. Nature. 1974 Dec 13;252(5484):593–594. doi: 10.1038/252593a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kimes B. W., Brandt B. L. Characterization of two putative smooth muscle cell lines from rat thoracic aorta. Exp Cell Res. 1976 Mar 15;98(2):349–366. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(76)90446-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kimes B. W., Brandt B. L. Properties of a clonal muscle cell line from rat heart. Exp Cell Res. 1976 Mar 15;98(2):367–381. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(76)90447-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Lagercrantz H. On the composition and function of large dense cored vesicles in sympathetic nerves. Neuroscience. 1976;1(2):81–92. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(76)90002-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Landis S. C. Rat sympathetic neurons and cardiac myocytes developing in microcultures: correlation of the fine structure of endings with neurotransmitter function in single neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Nov;73(11):4220–4224. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.11.4220. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Landmesser L. Pharmacological properties, cholinesterase activity and anatomy of nerve-muscle junctions in vagus-innervated frog sartorius. J Physiol. 1972 Jan;220(1):243–256. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1972.sp009704. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Mains R. E., Patterson P. H. Primary cultures of dissociated sympathetic neurons. I. Establishment of long-term growth in culture and studies of differentiated properties. J Cell Biol. 1973 Nov;59(2 Pt 1):329–345. doi: 10.1083/jcb.59.2.329. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Mains R. E., Patterson P. H. Primary cultures of dissociated sympathetic neurons. II. Initial studies on catecholamine metabolism. J Cell Biol. 1973 Nov;59(2 Pt 1):346–360. doi: 10.1083/jcb.59.2.346. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. McClure D., Miller M. R., Shiman R. Cell density dependent regulation of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity in hepatoma cells. Evidence for both an active and inactive enzyme form. Exp Cell Res. 1976 Mar 15;98(2):223–236. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(76)90432-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Nelson P. G. Central nervous system synapses in cell culture. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1976;40:359–371. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1976.040.01.035. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Nelson P., Christian C., Nirenberg M. Synapse formation between clonal neuroblastoma X glioma hybrid cells and striated muscle cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Jan;73(1):123–127. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.1.123. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Nurse C. A., O'Lague P. H. Formation of cholinergic synapses between dissociated sympathetic neurons and skeletal myotubes of the rat in cell culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 May;72(5):1955–1959. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.5.1955. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. O'Lague P. H., Obata K., Claude P., Furshpan E. J., Potter D. D. Evidence for cholinergic synapses between dissociated rat sympathetic neurons in cell culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Sep;71(9):3602–3606. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.9.3602. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Olson L., Malmfors T. Growth characteristics of adrenergic nerves in the adult rat. Fluorescence histochemical and 3H-noradrenaline uptake studies using tissue transplantations to the anterior chamber of the eye. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 1970;348:1–112. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Patterson P. H., Reichardt L. F., Chun L. L. Biochemical studies on the development of primary sympathetic neurons in cell culture. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1976;40:389–397. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1976.040.01.037. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Schubert D., Harris A. J., Devine C. E., Heinemann S. Characterization of a unique muscle cell line. J Cell Biol. 1974 May;61(2):398–413. doi: 10.1083/jcb.61.2.398. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Schubert D., Heinemann S., Carlisle W., Tarikas H., Kimes B., Patrick J., Steinbach J. H., Culp W., Brandt B. L. Clonal cell lines from the rat central nervous system. Nature. 1974 May 17;249(454):224–227. doi: 10.1038/249224a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Schubert D. Induced differentiation of clonal rat nerve and glial cells. Neurobiology. 1974;4(6):376–387. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Shapiro D. L. Morphological and biochemical alterations in foetal rat brain cells cultured in the presence of monobutyryl cyclic AMP. Nature. 1973 Jan 19;241(5386):203–204. doi: 10.1038/241203a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Steinbach J. H., Schubert D., Tarikas H. Inhibition of acetylcholine synthesis in neuroblastoma cells by a styrylpyridine analog. J Neurochem. 1974 Apr;22(4):611–613. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1974.tb06905.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Tarikas H., Schubert D. Regulation of adenylate kinase and creatine kinase activities in myogenic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Jun;71(6):2377–2381. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.6.2377. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. VOGT M., DULBECCO R. Steps in the neoplastic transformation of hamster embryo cells by polyoma virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1963 Feb 15;49:171–179. doi: 10.1073/pnas.49.2.171. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Yaffe D. Retention of differentiation potentialities during prolonged cultivation of myogenic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Oct;61(2):477–483. doi: 10.1073/pnas.61.2.477. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES