Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1973 Feb;70(2):442–446. doi: 10.1073/pnas.70.2.442

Evidence for Transport of 75S RNA from a Discrete Chromosome Region via Nuclear Sap to Cytoplasm in Chironomus tentans

B Daneholt 1, H Hosick 1,*
PMCID: PMC433278  PMID: 4510288

Abstract

Salivary glands of the dipteran Chironomus tentans were exposed to tritiated pyrimidines for different time periods either in vitro or in vivo. Nonribosomal, high molecular weight RNA molecules of very different sizes (15-100 S) were labeled on chromosomes I-III, while only one main species, 75S RNA, was recorded in Balbiani ring 2, a giant chromosome puff on chromosome IV. 75S RNA was present as a prominent fraction in nuclear sap, but not in cytoplasm, after 90 min of incubation in vitro. During the ensuing 90 min, 75S RNA also appeared in cytoplasm. After 1 week of labeling in vivo, radioactive 75S RNA accumulated heavily in cytoplasm. Absorbance measurements showed that 75S RNA constituted as much as 1.5% of the total salivary-gland RNA. The half-life of 75S RNA was estimated to exceed 35 hr.

Available data on the intracellular distribution and metabolic stability of nonribosomal, high molecular weight RNA from Balbiani ring 2 and chromosomes I-III indicate that most of the cytoplasmic 75S RNA is transcribed in the Balbiani ring 2 region of chromosome IV. 75S RNA molecules are, therefore, likely to be transferred from Balbiani ring 2, via nuclear sap, to cytoplasm without being measurably reduced in molecular size.

Keywords: Balbiani ring, dipteran, high molecular weight RNA, midge, salivary glands

Full text

PDF
442

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BEERMANN W. [A Balbiani ring as locus of a salivary gland mutation]. Chromosoma. 1961;12:1–25. doi: 10.1007/BF00328911. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Clever U. Chromosome activity and cell function in polytenic cells. II. The formation of secretion in the salivary glands of Chironomus. Exp Cell Res. 1969 Jun;55(3):317–322. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(69)90564-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Clever U., Storbeck I., Romball C. G. Chromosome activity and cell function in polytenic cells. I. Protein synthesis at various stages of larval development. Exp Cell Res. 1969 Jun;55(3):306–316. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(69)90563-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Daneholt B., Edström J. E., Egyházi E., Lambert B., Ringborg U. Chromosomal RNA synthesis in polytene chromosomes of Chironomus tentans. Chromosoma. 1969;28(4):399–417. doi: 10.1007/BF00284257. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Daneholt B., Edström J. E., Egyházi E., Lambert B., Ringborg U. Phy-sico-chemical properties of chromosomal RNA in Chironomus tentans polytene chromosomes. Chromosoma. 1969;28(4):379–398. doi: 10.1007/BF00284256. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Daneholt B. Giant RNA transcript in a Balbiani ring. Nat New Biol. 1972 Dec 20;240(103):229–232. doi: 10.1038/newbio240229a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Doyle D., Laufer H. Sources of larval salivary gland secretion in the dipteran Chironomus tentans. J Cell Biol. 1969 Jan;40(1):61–78. doi: 10.1083/jcb.40.1.61. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Egyházi E., Edström J. E. Evidence for transport of 4 S RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in salivary gland cells of Chironomus tentans. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1972 Feb 25;46(4):1551–1556. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(72)90784-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Giudice G., Sconzo G., Ramirez F., Albanese I. Giant RNA is also found in the cytoplasm in sea urchin embryos. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Mar 24;262(3):401–403. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(72)90279-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Grossbach U. Chromosomen-Aktivitat und biochemische Zelldifferenzierung in den Speicheldrüsen von Camptochironomus. Chromosoma. 1969;28(2):136–187. doi: 10.1007/BF00331528. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Heywood S. M. Synthesis of myosin on heterologous ribosomes. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1969;34:799–803. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1969.034.01.091. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kumar A., Lindberg U. Characterization of messenger ribonucleoprotein and messenger RNA from KB cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Mar;69(3):681–685. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.3.681. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lambert B., Wieslander L., Daneholt B., Egyházi E., Ringborg U. In situ demonstration of DNA hybridizing with chromosomal and nuclear sap RNA in Chironomus tentans. J Cell Biol. 1972 May;53(2):407–418. doi: 10.1083/jcb.53.2.407. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Lindberg U., Darnell J. E. SV40-specific RNA in the nucleus and polyribosomes of transformed cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1970 Apr;65(4):1089–1096. doi: 10.1073/pnas.65.4.1089. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Lockard R. E., Lingrel J. B. The synthesis of mouse hemoglobin beta-chains in a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system programmed with mouse reticulocyte 9S RNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1969 Oct 8;37(2):204–212. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(69)90720-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Ringborg U., Rydlander L. Nucleolar-derived ribonucleic acid in chromosomes, nuclear sap, and cytoplasm of Chironomus tentans salivary gland cells. J Cell Biol. 1971 Nov;51(21):355–368. doi: 10.1083/jcb.51.2.355. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Stavnezer J., Huang R. C. Synthesis of a mouse immunoglobulin light chain in a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system. Nat New Biol. 1971 Apr 7;230(14):172–176. doi: 10.1038/newbio230172a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Suzuki Y., Brown D. D. Isolation and identification of the messenger RNA for silk fibroin from Bombyx mori. J Mol Biol. 1972 Feb 14;63(3):409–429. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(72)90437-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES