Abstract Abstract
Background
A revised list of the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) known to occur in Colombia is presented. A total of 324 species from 28 genera of Culicidae are included. The species names are organized in alphabetical order according to the current generic and subgeneric classification, along with their authorship. The list is compiled in order to support mosquito research in Colombia.
New information
Our systematic review and literature survey found, by 16 February 2015, 13 records of culicid species previously overlooked by mosquito catalogs for Colombia: Anopheles costai da Fonseca & da Silva Ramos, 1939, An. fluminensis Root, 1927, An. malefactor Dyar & Knab, 1907, An. shannoni Davis, 1931, An. vargasi Galbadón, Cova García & Lopez, 1941, Culex mesodenticulatus Galindo & Mendez, 1961, Haemagogus capricornii Lutz, 1904, Isostomyia espini (Martini, 1914), Johnbelkinia leucopus (Dyar & Knab, 1906), Mansonia indubitans Dyar & Shannon, 1925, Psorophora saeva Dyar & Knab, 1906, Sabethes glaucodaemon (Dyar & Shannon, 1925), and Wyeomyia intonca Dyar & Knab, 1909. Moreover, Wyeomyia (Dendromyia) luteoventralis Theobald, 1901 is recorded for Colombia for the first time. This work provides important insights into mosquito diversity in Colombia, using the current nomenclature and phylogenetic rankings.
Keywords: Nematocera , Neotropical Region, species account, new records
Introduction
Currently, 3,543 species of Culicidae are formally recognized and distributed over a diverse range of habitats around the world (Harbach 2015). Colombia, one of the world's megadiverse countries, has a highly diverse mosquito fauna and a high prevalence of mosquito-borne diseases (Morrone 2006, Foley et al. 2008, Hudson 2010, Montoya-Lerma et al. 2011). The tremendous variety of ecosystems in Colombia provides environmental conditions that favor the immigration, adaptation, development and persistence of a great diversity of mosquito species (Molina et al. 2000, Olano et al. 2001, Foley et al. 2007, Barreto et al. 2008, Brochero and Quiñones 2008).
Six mosquito catalogs list species that occur in Colombia: Barreto-Reyes (1955) reported 164 species; Knight and Stone (1977) reported 250 species; Carrejo and González (1992) listed 260 recognized species; Walter Reed Medical Army (1998) reported also 260 species; and lastly, 289 species were reported in the Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit mosquito catalog (Gaffigan et al. 2014). Recent changes in mosquito taxonomy, ranking of groups, and species names (Gaffigan et al. 2013, Harbach 2015) made it crucial to compile an updated list that follows the currently accepted classification, as well as includes new and overlooked species records for the country.
Materials and methods
The species list was compiled from information available in previously published mosquito catalogs for Colombia (Barreto-Reyes 1955, Knight and Stone 1977, Carrejo and González 1992, Walter Reed Medical Army 1998, Gaffigan et al. 2014) and other publications containing species reports not included in these catalogs (Kumm et al. 1946, Osorno-Mesa 1947, Lane 1953, Arnell 1976, Wilkerson 1990, Pecor et al. 1992, Harbach 1995, Barreto et al. 1996, Lounibos et al. 1998, Vélez et al. 1998, Molina et al. 2000, Ferro et al. 2003, Liria and Navarro 2003, Porter and Wolff 2004, González and Carrejo 2007, Ferro et al. 2008, Harbach and Howard 2009, Mendenhall et al. 2011, Barajas et al. 2013). The first record for Colombia of Wyeomyia (Dendromyia) luteoventralis Theobald, 1901 is based on a female collected with CDC traps in September 2013 in a tropical dry forest in La Pintada (Antioquia) [N 05.63646, W 075.59002, 710m above sea level]. The specimen was identified using Lane (1953), Motta and Lourenço-de-Oliveira (1995), Judd (1998), Motta and Lourenço-de-Oliveira (2000) as references.
The species presented in this list are arranged alphabetically by genus and subgenus. Species names are followed by their authorship and year of description, and the catalog or other source that first reported the species in Colombia. Our list follows the most recent mosquito classification compiled by Gaffigan et al. (2013) and Harbach (2015). Also, we follow the provisional 'sensu auctorum' placement of 'Ochlerotatus (Protomacleaya)', product of the polyphyletic assemblage of species reflected in the Aedini phylogeny reconstructed by Reinert et al. (2009). Junior synonyms, subspecies, biologically separate sibling species that lack formal names, and nomina dubia reported by Barreto-Reyes (1955) and Knight and Stone 1977 (Anopheles allopha Peryassú, 1921, Culex aikenii Aiken & Rowland, 1906, Culex virgultus Theobald, 1901, Trichoprosopon hyperleucum (Martini, 1931)) are not included.
Checklists
List of mosquito species known to occur in Colombia
Aedeomyia (Aedeomyia) squamipennis
(Lynch Arribálzaga, 1878)
Notes
Anopheles (Anopheles) apicimacula
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Anopheles (Anopheles) calderoni
Wilkerson, 1991
Notes
Anopheles (Anopheles) costai
da Fonseca & da Silva Ramos, 1939
Notes
González and Carrejo 2007. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Anopheles (Anopheles) eiseni
Coquillett, 1902
Notes
Anopheles (Anopheles) fluminensis
Root, 1927
Notes
González and Carrejo 2007. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Anopheles (Anopheles) forattinii
Wilkerson & Sallum, 1999
Notes
Anopheles (Anopheles) malefactor
Dyar & Knab, 1907
Notes
Wilkerson 1990. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Anopheles (Anopheles) mattogrossensis
Lutz & Neiva, 1911
Notes
Anopheles (Anopheles) mediopunctatus
(Lutz, 1903)
Notes
Anopheles (Anopheles) neomaculipalpus
Curry, 1931
Notes
Anopheles (Anopheles) peryassui
Dyar & Knab, 1908
Notes
Anopheles (Anopheles) pseudomaculipes
(Peryassú, 1908)
Notes
Anopheles (Anopheles) pseudopunctipennis
Theobald, 1901
Notes
Anopheles (Anopheles) punctimacula
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Anopheles (Anopheles) shannoni
Davis, 1931
Notes
González and Carrejo 2007. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Anopheles (Anopheles) vestitipennis
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Anopheles (Kerteszia) bambusicolus
Komp, 1937
Notes
Anopheles (Kerteszia) bellator
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Anopheles (Kerteszia) boliviensis
(Theobald, 1905)
Notes
Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii
Dyar & Knab, 1908
Notes
Anopheles (Kerteszia) homunculus
Komp, 1937
Notes
Anopheles (Kerteszia) lepidotus
Zavortink, 1973
Notes
Anopheles (Kerteszia) neivai
Howard, Dyar & Knab, 1913
Notes
Anopheles (Kerteszia) pholidotus
Zavortink, 1973
Notes
Anopheles (Lophopodomyia) gilesi
(Peryassú, 1908)
Notes
Anopheles (Lophopodomyia) oiketorakras
Osorno-Mesa, 1947
Notes
Anopheles (Lophopodomyia) squamifemur
Antunes, 1937
Notes
Anopheles (Lophopodomyia) vargasi
Gabaldón, Cova García & Lopez, 1941
Notes
Osorno-Mesa 1947. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) albimanus
Wiedemann, 1820
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) albitarsis
Lynch Arribálzaga, 1878
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) aquasalis
Curry, 1932
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) argyritarsis
Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) benarrochi
Gabaldón, Cova García & Lopez, 1941
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) braziliensis
Chagas, 1907
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) darlingi
Root, 1926
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) dunhami
Causey, 1945
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) evansae
Brèthes, 1926
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) marajoara
Galvão & Damasceno, 1942
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) nuneztovari
Gabaldón, 1940
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) oswaldoi
Peryassú, 1922
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) parvus
Chagas, 1907
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) rangeli
Gabaldón, Cova García & Lopez, 1940
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) strodei
Root, 1926
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) triannulatus
Neiva & Pinto, 1922
Notes
Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) trinkae
Faran, 1979
Notes
Anopheles (Stethomyia) kompi
Edwards, 1930
Notes
Anopheles (Stethomyia) nimbus
(Theobald, 1902)
Notes
Anopheles (Stethomyia) thomasi
Shannon, 1933
Notes
Chagasia ablusa
Harbach, 2009
Notes
Chagasia bathana
Dyar, 1928
Notes
Chagasia bonneae
Root, 1927
Notes
Chagasia fajardi
(Lutz, 1904)
Notes
Coquillettidia (Rhynchotaenia) albicosta
(Peryassú, 1908)
Notes
Coquillettidia (Rhynchotaenia) arribalzagae
(Theobald, 1903)
Notes
Coquillettidia (Rhynchotaenia) fasciolata
(Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891)
Notes
Coquillettidia (Rhynchotaenia) hermanoi
(Lane & Coutinho, 1940)
Notes
Coquillettidia (Rhynchotaenia) juxtamansonia
(Chagas, 1907)
Notes
Coquillettidia (Rhynchotaenia) lynchi
(Shannon, 1931)
Notes
Coquillettidia (Rhynchotaenia) nigricans
(Coquillett, 1904)
Notes
Coquillettidia (Rhynchotaenia) venezuelensis
(Theobald, 1912)
Notes
Culex flochi
Duret, 1969
Notes
Knight and Stone 1977.The subgeneric affiliation of this species is uncertain.
Culex ocellatus
Theobald, 1903
Notes
Knight and Stone 1977. The subgeneric affiliation of this species is uncertain.
Culex (Aedinus) accelerans
Root, 1927
Notes
Culex (Aedinus) amazonensis
(Lutz, 1905)
Notes
Culex (Anoedioporpa) bamborum
Rozeboom & Komp, 1948
Notes
Culex (Anoedioporpa) browni
Komp, 1936
Notes
Culex (Anoedioporpa) conservator
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Anoedioporpa) corrigani
Dyar & Knab, 1907
Notes
Culex (Anoedioporpa) restrictor
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Belkinomyia) eldridgei
Adames & Galindo, 1973
Notes
Culex (Carrollia) antunesi
Lane & Whitman, 1943
Notes
Culex (Carrollia) bihaicola
Dyar & Núñez Tovar, 1928
Notes
Culex (Carrollia) bonnei
Dyar, 1921
Notes
Culex (Carrollia) infoliatus
Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920
Notes
Culex (Carrollia) kompi
Valencia, 1973
Notes
Culex (Carrollia) metempsytus
Dyar, 1921
Notes
Culex (Carrollia) secundus
Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920
Notes
Culex (Carrollia) urichi
(Coquillett, 1906)
Notes
Culex (Carrollia) wilsoni
Lane & Whitman, 1943
Notes
Culex (Culex) abnormalis
Lane, 1936
Notes
Culex (Culex) acharistus
Root, 1927
Notes
Culex (Culex) alani
Forattini, 1965
Notes
Culex (Culex) archegus
Dyar, 1929
Notes
Culex (Culex) bickleyi
Forattini, 1965
Notes
Culex (Culex) bonneae
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Culex) brevispinosus
Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920
Notes
Culex (Culex) camposi
Dyar, 1925
Notes
Culex (Culex) chidesteri
Dyar, 1921
Notes
Culex (Culex) chitae
Duret, 1967
Notes
Culex (Culex) coronator
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Culex) declarator
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Culex) erythrothorax
Dyar, 1907
Notes
Culex (Culex) inflictus
Theobald, 1901
Notes
Culex (Culex) levicastilloi
Lane, 1945
Notes
Culex (Culex) maracayensis
Evans, 1923
Notes
Culex (Culex) mollis
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Culex) nigripalpus
Theobald, 1901
Notes
Culex (Culex) ousqua
Dyar, 1918
Notes
Culex (Culex) quinquefasciatus
Say, 1823
Notes
Culex (Culex) saltanensis
Dyar, 1928
Notes
Culex (Culex) spinosus
Lutz, 1905
Notes
Culex (Culex) stigmatosoma
Dyar, 1907
Notes
Culex (Culex) thriambus
Dyar, 1921
Notes
Culex (Culex) usquatissimus
Dyar, 1922
Notes
Culex (Culex) usquatus
Dyar, 1918
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) adamesi
Sirivanakarn & Galindo, 1980
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) albinensis
Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) alogistus
Dyar, 1918
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) bastagarius
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) batesi
Rozeboom & Komp, 1948
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) caudelli
(Dyar & Knab, 1906)
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) comatus
Senevet & Abonnenc, 1939
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) commevynensis
Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) comminutor
Dyar, 1920
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) conspirator
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) coppenamensis
Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) creole
Anduze, 1949
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) crybda
Dyar, 1924
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) distinguendus
Dyar, 1928
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) dunni
Dyar, 1918
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) eastor
Dyar, 1920
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) educator
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) egcymon
Dyar, 1923
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) elevator
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) epanastasis
Dyar, 1922
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) erraticus
(Dyar & Knab, 1906)
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) ferreri
Duret, 1968
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) garcesi
Duret, 1968
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) inadmirabilis
Dyar, 1928
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) inhibitator
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) iolambdis
Dyar, 1918
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) johnsoni
Galindo & Mendez, 1961
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) kummi
Komp & Rozeboom, 1951
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) lucifugus
Komp, 1936
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) mesodenticulatus
Galindo & Mendez, 1961
Notes
Barreto et al. 1996. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Culex (Melanoconion) ocossa
Dyar & Knab, 1919
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) panocossa
Dyar, 1923
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) pedroi
Sirivanakarn & Belkin, 1980
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) phlogistus
Dyar, 1920
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) pilosus
(Dyar & Knab, 1906)
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) quasihibridus
Galindo & Blanton, 1954
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) rooti
Rozeboom, 1935
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) serratimarge
Root, 1927
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) spissipes
(Theobald, 1903)
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) sursumptor
Dyar, 1924
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) taeniopus
Dyar & Knab, 1907
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) tecmarsis
Dyar, 1918
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) theobaldi
(Lutz, 1904)
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) vomerifer
Komp, 1932
Notes
Culex (Melanoconion) zeteki
Dyar, 1918
Notes
Culex (Microculex) carioca
Lane & Whitman, 1951
Notes
Culex (Microculex) chryselatus
Dyar & Knab, 1919
Notes
Culex (Microculex) daumastocampa
Dyar & Knab, 1908
Notes
Culex (Microculex) elongatus
Rozeboom & Komp, 1950
Notes
Culex (Microculex) gaudeator
Dyar and Knab, 1907
Notes
Culex (Microculex) imitator
Theobald, 1903
Notes
Culex (Microculex) inimitabilis
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Microculex) jenningsi
Dyar & Knab, 1907
Notes
Culex (Microculex) kukenan
Anduze, 1942
Notes
Culex (Microculex) pleuristriatus
Theobald, 1903
Notes
Culex (Microculex) stonei
Lane & Whitman, 1943
Notes
Culex (Phenacomyia) airozai
Lane, 1945
Notes
Culex (Phenacomyia) corniger
Theobald, 1903
Notes
Culex (Phenacomyia) lactator
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Culex (Tinolestes) latisquama
(Coquillett, 1906)
Notes
Deinocerites atlanticus
Adames, 1971
Notes
Deinocerites barretoi
Adames, 1971
Notes
Deinocerites cancer
Theobald, 1901
Notes
Deinocerites colombianus
Adames, 1971
Notes
Deinocerites curiche
Adames, 1971
Notes
Deinocerites dyari
Belkin & Hogue, 1959
Notes
Deinocerites melanophylum
Dyar & Knab, 1907
Notes
Deinocerites pseudes
Dyar & Knab, 1909
Notes
Galindomyia leei
Stone & Barreto, 1969
Notes
Georgecraigius (Horsfallius) fluviatilis
(Lutz, 1904)
Notes
Haemagogus (Conopostegus) clarki
(Galindo, Carpenter & Trapido, 1953)
Notes
Haemagogus (Conopostegus) leucocelaenus
(Dyar & Shannon, 1924)
Notes
Haemagogus (Haemagogus) anastasionis
Dyar, 1921
Notes
Haemagogus (Haemagogus) andinus
Osorno-Mesa, 1944
Notes
Haemagogus (Haemagogus) boshelli
Osorno-Mesa, 1944
Notes
Haemagogus (Haemagogus) capricornii
Lutz, 1904
Notes
Kumm et al. 1946. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Haemagogus (Haemagogus) celeste
Dyar & Nuñez Tovar, 1927
Notes
Haemagogus (Haemagogus) chalcospilans
Dyar, 1921
Notes
Haemagogus (Haemagogus) equinus
Theobald, 1903
Notes
Haemagogus (Haemagogus) janthinomys
Dyar, 1921
Notes
Haemagogus (Haemagogus) lucifer
(Howard, Dyar & Knab, 1913)
Notes
Haemagogus (Haemagogus) spegazzinii
Brèthes, 1912
Notes
Haemagogus (Haemagogus) splendens
Williston, 1896
Notes
Howardina arborealis
(Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920)
Notes
Howardina eleanorae
(Berlin, 1969)
Notes
Howardina fulvithorax
(Lutz, 1904)
Notes
Howardina leei
(Berlin, 1969)
Notes
Howardina marinkellei
(Berlin, 1969)
Notes
Howardina osornoi
(Berlin, 1969)
Notes
Howardina pseudodominicii
(Komp, 1936)
Notes
Howardina quadrivittata
(Coquillett, 1902)
Notes
Howardina septemstriata
(Dyar & Knab, 1907)
Notes
Howardina sexlineata
(Theobald, 1901)
Howardina whitmorei
(Dunn, 1918)
Notes
Isostomyia espini
(Martini, 1914)
Notes
Molina et al. 2000. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Johnbelkinia leucopus
(Dyar & Knab, 1906)
Notes
Molina et al. 2000. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Johnbelkinia longipes
(Fabricius, 1805)
Notes
Johnbelkinia ulopus
(Dyar & Knab, 1906)
Notes
Limatus asulleptus
(Theobald, 1903)
Notes
Limatus durhami
Theobald, 1901
Notes
Lutzia (Lutzia) allostigma
Howard, Dyar & Knab, 1915
Notes
Lutzia (Lutzia) bigoti
Bellardi, 1862
Notes
Mansonia (Mansonia) humeralis
Dyar & Knab, 1916
Notes
Mansonia (Mansonia) indubitans
Dyar & Shannon, 1925
Notes
Ferro et al. 2008. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Mansonia (Mansonia) pseudotitillans
(Theobald, 1901)
Notes
Mansonia (Mansonia) titillans
(Walker, 1848)
Notes
Mansonia (Mansonia) wilsoni
(Barreto & Coutinho, 1944)
Notes
Ochlerotatus argyrothorax
(Bonne-Wepster & Bonne, 1920)
Notes
Knight and Stone 1977. Species belonging to subgenus 'Protomacleaya' sensu auctorum.
Ochlerotatus berlini
(Schick, 1970)
Notes
Knight and Stone 1977. Species belonging to subgenus ''Protomacleaya'sensu auctorum.
Ochlerotatus braziliensis
(Gordon & Evans, 1922)
Notes
Knight and Stone 1977. Species belonging to subgenus 'Protomacleaya' sensu auctorum.
Ochlerotatus buenaventura
(Schick, 1970)
Notes
Knight and Stone 1977. Species belonging to subgenus ''Protomacleaya' sensu auctorum.
Ochlerotatus euiris
(Dyar, 1922)
Notes
Barreto-Reyes 1955. The subgeneric affiliation of this species is uncertain.
Ochlerotatus insolitus
(Coquillett, 1906)
Notes
Knight and Stone 1977. Species belonging to subgenus ''Protomacleaya' sensu auctorum.
Ochlerotatus milleri
(Dyar, 1922)
Notes
Barreto-Reyes 1955. The subgeneric affiliation of this species is uncertain.
Ochlerotatus scutellalbum
(Boshell-Manrique, 1939)
Notes
Barreto-Reyes 1955. The subgeneric affiliation of this species is uncertain.
Ochlerotatus terrens
(Walker, 1856)
Notes
Barreto-Reyes 1955. Species belonging to subgenus 'Protomacleaya' sensu auctorum.
Ochlerotatus upatensis
(Anduze & Hecht, 1943)
Notes
Carrejo and González 1992. The subgeneric affiliation of this species is uncertain.
Ochlerotatus zavortinki
(Schick, 1970)
Notes
Knight and Stone 1977. Species belonging to subgenus ''Protomacleaya' sensu auctorum.
Ochlerotatus (Chrysoconops) fulvus
(Wiedemann, 1828)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Culicelsa) taeniorhynchus
(Wiedemann, 1821)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) angustivittatus
(Dyar & Knab, 1907)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) bogotanus
(Arnell, 1976)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) comitatus
(Arnell, 1976)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) condolescens
(Dyar & Knab, 1907)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) crinifer
(Theobald, 1903)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) deficiens
(Arnell, 1976)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) euplocamus
(Dyar & Knab, 1906)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) pectinatus
(Arnell, 1976)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) scapularis
(Rondani, 1848)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Protoculex) aenigmaticus
(Cerqueira & Costa, 1946)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Protoculex) hastatus
(Dyar, 1922)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Protoculex) nubilus
(Theobald, 1903)
Notes
Ochlerotatus (Protoculex) serratus
(Theobald, 1901)
Notes
Onirion personatum
(Lutz, 1904)
Notes
Orthopodomyia albicosta
(Lutz, 1904)
Notes
Orthopodomyia fascipes
(Coquillett, 1906)
Notes
Orthopodomyia phyllozoa
(Dyar & Knab, 1907)
Notes
Psorophora (Grabhamia) cingulata
(Fabricius, 1805)
Notes
Psorophora (Grabhamia) confinnis
(Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891)
Notes
Psorophora (Janthinosoma) albigenu
(Peryassú, 1908)
Notes
Psorophora (Janthinosoma) albipes
(Theobald, 1907)
Notes
Psorophora (Janthinosoma) cyanescens
(Coquillett, 1902)
Notes
Psorophora (Janthinosoma) ferox
(von Humboldt, 1819)
Notes
Psorophora (Janthinosoma) lutzi
(Theobald, 1901)
Notes
Psorophora (Janthinosoma) pilosa
Duret, 1971
Notes
Psorophora (Janthinosoma) pseudoalbipes
Duret, 1971
Notes
Psorophora (Janthinosoma) varipes
(Coquillett, 1904)
Notes
Psorophora (Psorophora) ciliata
(Fabricius, 1794)
Notes
Psorophora (Psorophora) cilipes
(Fabricius, 1805)
Notes
Psorophora (Psorophora) lineata
(von Humboldt, 1819)
Notes
Psorophora (Psorophora) saeva
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Liria and Navarro 2003. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Runchomyia (Ctenogoeldia) magna
(Theobald, 1905)
Notes
Sabethes (Peytonulus) identicus
Dyar & Knab, 1907
Notes
Sabethes (Peytonulus) ignotus
Harbach, 1995
Notes
Sabethes (Peytonulus) undosus
(Coquillett, 1906)
Notes
Sabethes (Peytonulus) xenismus
Harbach, 1995
Notes
Sabethes (Sabethes) albiprivus
Theobald, 1903
Notes
Sabethes (Sabethes) belisarioi
Neiva, 1908
Notes
Sabethes (Sabethes) cyaneus
(Fabricius, 1805)
Notes
Sabethes (Sabethes) quasicyaneus
Peryassú, 1922
Notes
Sabethes (Sabethes) tarsopus
Dyar & Knab, 1908
Notes
Sabethes (Sabethinus) intermedius
(Lutz, 1904)
Notes
Sabethes (Sabethoides) chloropterus
(von Humboldt, 1819)
Notes
Sabethes (Sabethoides) glaucodaemon
(Dyar and Shannon, 1925)
Notes
Molina et al. 2000. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Sallumia hortator
(Dyar & Knab, 1907)
Notes
Shannoniana fluviatilis
(Theobald, 1903)
Notes
Stegomyia albopicta
(Skuse, 1895)
Notes
Vélez et al. 1998. The subgeneric affiliation of this species is uncertain.
Stegomyia (Stegomyia) aegypti
(Linnaeus, 1762)
Notes
Toxorhynchites (Lynchiella) bambusicola
(Lutz & Neiva, 1913)
Notes
Toxorhynchites (Lynchiella) guadeloupensis
(Dyar & Knab, 1906)
Notes
Toxorhynchites (Lynchiella) haemorrhoidalis
(Fabricius, 1787)
Notes
Toxorhynchites (Lynchiella) hypoptes
(Knab, 1907)
Notes
Toxorhynchites (Lynchiella) moctezuma
(Dyar & Knab, 1906)
Notes
Toxorhynchites (Lynchiella) theobaldi
(Dyar & Knab, 1906)
Notes
Trichoprosopon andinum
Levi-Castillo, 1953
Notes
Trichoprosopon compressum
Lutz, 1905
Notes
Trichoprosopon digitatum
(Rondani, 1848)
Notes
Trichoprosopon evansae
Antunes, 1942
Notes
Trichoprosopon lanei
(Antunes, 1937)
Notes
Trichoprosopon pallidiventer
(Lutz, 1905)
Notes
Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) apicalis
Theobald, 1903
Notes
Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) calosomata
Dyar & Knab, 1907
Notes
Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) coatzacoalcos
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) geometrica
Theobald, 1901
Notes
Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) hystera
Dyar & Knab, 1913
Notes
Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) leucoptera
(Theobald, 1907)
Notes
Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) lowii
Theobald, 1901
Notes
Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) pulcherrima
Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891
Notes
Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) riverai
Duret, 1970
Notes
Wyeomyia chalcocephala
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Knight and Stone 1977. The subgeneric affiliation of this species is uncertain.
Wyeomyia clasoleuca
Dyar & Knab, 1908
Notes
Barreto-Reyes 1955. The subgeneric affiliation of this species is uncertain.
Wyeomyia melanocephala
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Barreto-Reyes 1955. The subgeneric affiliation of this species is uncertain.
Wyeomyia moerbista
(Dyar & Knab, 1919)
Notes
Barreto-Reyes 1955. The subgeneric affiliation of this species is uncertain.
Wyeomyia serratoria
(Dyar & Nunez Tovar, 1927)
Notes
Barreto-Reyes 1955. The subgeneric affiliation of this species is uncertain.
Wyeomyia (Antunesmyia) colombiana
Lane, 1945
Notes
Wyeomyia (Antunesmyia) flavifacies
Edwards, 1922
Notes
Wyeomyia (Cruzmyia) kummi
Lane & Cerqueira, 1942
Notes
Wyeomyia (Cruzmyia) mattinglyi
Lane, 1953
Notes
Wyeomyia (Decamyia) ulocoma
(Theobald, 1903)
Notes
Wyeomyia (Decamyia) pseudopecten
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Wyeomyia (Dendromyia) complosa
(Dyar, 1928)
Notes
Wyeomyia (Dendromyia) jocosa
(Dyar & Knab, 1908)
Notes
Wyeomyia (Dendromyia) luteoventralis
Theobald, 1901
Notes
Species newly recorded for Colombia (see Material & methods for detailed locality information).
Wyeomyia (Dendromyia) ypsipola
Dyar, 1922
Notes
Wyeomyia (Dodecamyia) aphobema
Dyar, 1918
Notes
Wyeomyia (Exallomyia) tarsata
Lane & Cerqueira, 1942
Notes
Wyeomyia (Hystatomyia) chocoensis
Porter & Wolff, 2004
Notes
Wyeomyia (Hystatomyia) intonca
Dyar & Knab, 1910
Notes
Porter and Wolff 2004. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia.
Wyeomyia (Miamyia) codiocampa
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Wyeomyia (Miamyia) hosautos
Dyar & Knab, 1907
Notes
Wyeomyia (Miamyia) oblita
(Lutz, 1904)
Notes
Wyeomyia (Triamyia) aporonoma
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Wyeomyia (Wyeomyia) arthrostigma
(Lutz, 1905)
Notes
Wyeomyia (Wyeomyia) celaenocephala
Dyar & Knab, 1906
Notes
Wyeomyia (Wyeomyia) melanopus
Dyar, 1919
Notes
Wyeomyia (Wyeomyia) pertinans
(Williston, 1896)
Notes
Wyeomyia (Wyeomyia) scotinomus
(Dyar & Knab, 1907)
Notes
Wyeomyia (Wyeomyia) simmsi
(Dyar & Knab, 1908)
Notes
Discussion
This paper comprises the most complete and up-to-date list of mosquito species known to occur in Colombia, with a total of 324 species and 28 genera listed according to the latest nomenclature and classification. Our systematic review and literature survey found, by 16 February 2015, 13 records of culicid speciesoverlooked by previous mosquito catalogs for Colombia. These are: Anopheles costai, An. fluminensis and An. shannoni (cited by González and Carrejo 2007), An. malefactor (cited by Wilkerson 1990), An. vargasi (cited by Osorno-Mesa 1947), Culex mesodenticulatus (cited by Barreto et al. 1996), Haemagogus capricornii (cited by Kumm et al. 1946), Isostomyia espini, Johnbelkinia leucopus and Sabethes glaucodaemon (cited by Molina et al. 2000), Mansonia indubitans (cited by Ferro et al. 2008), Psorophora saeva (cited by Liria and Navarro 2003 and Wyeomyia intonca (cited by Porter and Wolff 2004).
In addition, we record Wyeomyia (Dendromyia) luteoventralis for the first time from Colombia. This species was originally described by Theobald (1901) from three females caught on human bait in Paraná state (Brazil). Wyeomyia luteoventralis is the type species of the subgenus Dendromyia Theobald, 1903 (Motta and Lourenço-de-Oliveira 1995). This species had been previously collected in Brazil, French Guiana, British Guiana, and Venezuela (Gaffigan et al. 2014); however, it has rarely been reported in biological, ecological and taxonomic studies in South America (Motta and Lourenço-de-Oliveira 1995).
Although this report represents the most comprehensive list of mosquito species for Colombia, the 324 species included in this updated listing are unlikely to be a complete inventory of the Colombian mosquito fauna. Biodiversity data suggest that around 1,000 mosquito species will eventually be described from southern U.S.A. to Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru (Belkin et al. 1965, Foley et al. 2008). Colombia, with its diversity of landscapes, is highly species-rich and is a potential hotspot of mosquito endemism (Foley et al. 2008). Furthermore, ongoing and rapid development in Colombia is expected in the next decade with a loss of habitat associated with the growth of urban centers, which will undoubtedly have an impact on species diversity (Montoya-Lerma et al. 2011). Moreover, the finding of new species to the Colombian fauna such as Wyeomyia luteoventralis indicates that future sampling may reveal further species records which could help improve the taxonomy and provide a more accurate estimate of Colombia's mosquito diversity. This work provides important insights into the mosquito diversity of Colombia. We expect it to serve as a useful platform for future work on the mosquitoes of Colombia as well as provide a context for non-vector species.
Acknowledgements
Many thanks to James Pecor (Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian Institution, USA) for helping us with the identification of the Wyeomyia specimen and for sharing useful taxonomic literature. Also, many thanks to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that helped us to improve the manuscript.
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