Bar charts show mean ± standard error of mean (SEM) for SOCS-1, SOCS-2, SOCS-3, SOCS-4, SOCS-5, SOCS-6, SOCS-7 and CIS mRNA following treatment of human microglia (n=4 cases) with indicated cytokines and inflammatory agents. All cytokines were used at 20 ng/ml doses, while lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used at 100 ng/ml. Significant differences between treatment and control cultures indicated. Statistical analysis one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test for between group significance.
Abbreviations: IFN: Interferon-γ. LPS: lipopolysaccharide. IL: interleukin. TGF: transforming growth factor β-1.