There is an error in Table 2. The numbers in the “Zn” column for “Average among krill” should be 255.5 ± 141.6. Please see the corrected Table 2 here.
Table 2. Carbon, phosphate and trace element concentrations (mean ± standard deviation) in Antarctic krill and whales (mg kg-1 dry weight).
Species | Sample type | n | Fe | Cd | Co | C(x 104) | P(x 104) | Cu | Zn | Mn |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pygmy blue, Baleoptera musculus brevicauda | Faeces | 7 | 63.34 ± 17 | 7.1 ± 2.2 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 17.6 ± 2.5 | 8.7 ± 2.5 | 312.2 ± 98.6 | 607.2 ± 66.0 | 16.2 ± 9.0 |
Blue, Baleoptera musculus | Faeces | 15 | 161.8 ± 106.5 | 29.7 ± 8.6 | 1 ± 0.8 | 18.5 ± 3.2 | 9.8 ± 1.9 | 239.5 ± 68.6 | 460.8 ± 187.2 | 33.4 ± 10.6 |
Muscle | 1 | 58.3 ± 17.5 | 0.02 | 0.006 ± 0.005 | 5.1 | 0.03 ± 0.007 | 1.5 ± 0.2 | 41.6 ± 4.1 | 0.3 | |
Fin, Baleoptera physalus | Faeces | 2 | 237.4 ± 45.3 | 42.1 ± 13.1 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 22.1 ± 0.7 | 12.1 ± 0.4 | 290.7 ± 11.4 | 407.1 ± 52.8 | 30.5 ± 6.9 |
Muscle | 1 | 215.7 ± 45.8 | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.07 ± 0.03 | 52.8 | 0.6 ± 0.02 | 9.2 ± 2.7 | 108.2 ± 29.2 | 4.5 ± 0.3 | |
Humpback, Megaptera novaeangliae | Faeces | 2 | 118.6 ± 30.1 | 4.2 ± 3.5 | 0.9 ±0.8 | - | 2.9 ± 2.1 | 74.1 ± 5.2 | 1099.0 ± 553.0 | 18.2 ± 10.7 |
Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus | Faeces | 1 | 756.7 | 575 | 2.2 | 348.2 | 6.9 | 1635.4 | 2663.6 | 96 |
Average among whales | Faeces | 145.9 ± 135.4 | 34.7 ± 88.9 | 0.9 ± 0.87 | 19.2 ± 4.5 | 8.9 ± 3.1 | 292.4 ± 238.1 | 621.5 ± 432.9 | 27.7 ± 16.5 | |
Muscle | 136.9 ± 91.6 | 0.11 ± 0.19 | 0.04 ± 0.04 | 51.9 ± 1.2 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 5.3 ± 4.5 | 78.9 ± 40.9 | 2.4 ± 2.3 | ||
Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba | Whole krill | 5 | 174.3 ± 0.5 | 4 ± 0.1 | 0.1 | 54.2 | 3.13 ± 0.04 | 98.0 ± 0.6 | 275.7 ± 0.5 | 17.7 ± 0.1 |
Krill, Nyctiphanes australis | Whole krill | 5 | 91.4 ± 1.1 | 2.8 | 0.1 | 35.9 | 6.6 ± 0.01 | 40.7 ± 0.2 | 444.8 ± 2.6 | 8.0 ± 0.1 |
Krill, Euphausia pacifica | Whole krill | 5 | 62.1 ± 0.6 | 2.3 | 0.1 | 45.2 | 1.4 ± 0.009 | 15.6 ± 0.2 | 293.6 ± 2.3 | 9.2 ± 0.1 |
Krill, Meganyctiphanes norvegica | Whole krill | 10 | 11.3 ± 8.9 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 43.2 ± 2 | 1.06 ± 0.6 | 44.6 ± 11.0 | 90.5 ± 40.8 | 2.0 ± 0.8 |
Average among krill | Whole krill | 25 | 76.6 ± 64.1 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 0.08 ± 0.03 | 44.3 ± 6.6 | 2.8 ± 2.3 | 49.1 ± 30.5 | 255.5± 141.6 | 8.4 ± 6.1 |
Carbon data for humpback whales are not available
Krill samples were homogenates of 5 animals of each species
Iron data for all species have been discussed in Nicol [16].
There is a reference missing from Table 3. Please see the corrected Table 3 here.
Table 3. Summary of dissolved and particulate trace element concentrations in surface waters from the literature (nmol L-1).
Sampling location | Depth(m) | Size partitioning | Fe | Cd | Co | P | Cu | Zn | Mn | C | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Marguerite Bay, WAP | Dissolved | Hendry [63] | |||||||||
Ross Sea | 0-100 | Dissolved | 0.34-0.86 | 0.43-3.3 | 2.2-8.2 | 0.33-1.2 | Corami [45] | ||||
Ross Sea | 0.5-375 | Dissolved | 0.04-0.73 | 1.23-2.16 | 0.24-5.17 | Fitzwater [64] | |||||
Ross Sea | 0-380 | Dissolved | 0.5-11.6 | 0.01-6.6 | Grotti [65] | ||||||
Weddell Sea | 50 | Dissolved | 2.01 | 0.34 | Westerlund and Öhman [66] | ||||||
Atlantic sector | 40 | Dissolved | 0.155-0.905 | Löscher [67] | |||||||
Atlantic sector | 40-100 | Dissolved | 0.95-6.66 | 1.7-10.8 | Löscher [68] | ||||||
Indian-Pacific sector | 40 | Dissolved | 0.25-0.27 | 1.2-1.4 | 2.3-2.4 | Frew [69] | |||||
Indian-Pacific sector | 40 | Dissolved | 0.1 | Bowie [44] | |||||||
Southern Ocean | 0-20 | Dissolved | 0.03 | 0.34 | 0.02 | 1.78 | 1.01 | 0.08 | Cullen [32] | ||
Ross Sea | 0-100 | Particulate | 0.011-0.097 | 0.05-0.733 | 0.2-1.2 | 19-198 | Corami [45] | ||||
Ross Sea | 0.5-100 | Particulate | 0.01-0.17 | Fitzwater [64] | |||||||
Ross Sea | 0-380 | Particulate | 0.04-1.36 | 0.01-3.1 | Grotti [65] | ||||||
Weddell Sea | 50 | Particulate | 2.18 | 0.022 | Westerlund and Öhman [66] | ||||||
Atlantic sector | 40 | Particulate | 0.02-0.14 | Löscher [67] | |||||||
Atlantic sector | 40-100 | Particulate | 0.026-0.222 | Löscher [68] | |||||||
East Antarctica | 0-1 | Particulate | 0.001-0.018 | 0.017-0.070 | 0.020-0.805 | 0.007-0.141 | 1170 | Lannuzel [70] | |||
Amundsen Sea open ocean | 8-50 | Particulate | 0.071-0.66 | 16.6-44.5 | 8.81-39.4 | Planquette [46] | |||||
Southern Ocean | 0-20 | Particulate | 0.26 | 0.34 | 0.04 | 0.38 | 2.91 | 0.44 | Cullen [32] | ||
Overall ranges | Dissolved | 0.03– 2.01 | 0.04-0.9 | 0.02 | 0.43-6.6 | 0.24-10.8 | 0.01-6.6 | ||||
Particulate | 2.18 | 0.01-0.14 | 0.04 | 16.6-44.5 | 0.017-1.36 | 0.02-2.91 | 0.01-198 | 1170 |
Data from Frew [69] and Bowie [44] in the Australasian-Pacific sector are from non-fertilised surface waters
Reference
- 1. Ratnarajah L, Bowie AR, Lannuzel D, Meiners KM, Nicol S (2014) The Biogeochemical Role of Baleen Whales and Krill in Southern Ocean Nutrient Cycling. PLoS ONE 9(12): e114067 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0114067 [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]