Abstract Abstract
The leafhopper fauna of northwestern Iran: Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi, Azarbaijan-e-Gharbi and Ardabil provinces is listed from previously published records and from our current work. Sixty-nine species are included with four species (Mogangella straminea Dlabola, 1957, Doratura stylata (Boheman, 1847), Macrosteles sordidipennis (Stål, 1858) and Psammotettix seriphidii Emeljanov, 1962) listed as new for Iran and Balclutha punctata (Fabricius, 1775), as a new record for the region. A distribution map of the species in northwestern Iran is given.
Keywords: Cicadellidae, leafhoppers, fauna, Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi, Azarbaijan-e-Gharbi, Ardabil
Introduction
The Auchenorrhyncha consists of approximately 42000 described worldwide species which have adopted varied life habits (Larivière et al. 2010). Moreover, they play an important role in the food chains due to their high biomass in the herb layer and provide a food source for other insects and animals (Nickel 2003).
The family Cicadellidae (leafhoppers), is the largest family within the Hemiptera, with approximately 19,500 described species in more than 40 subfamilies (Oman et al. 1990). Metcalf (1962–1968) considered the leafhoppers to represent a superfamily (the Cicadelloidea) and divided them into a number of families, currently subfamilies or tribes. Following Dietrich (2005), Cicadellidae are included in the superfamily Membracoidea with the Membracidae (treehoppers). Most Cicadellidae species tend to feed from phloem fluid (except some Cicadellinae and most Typhlocybinae) (Biedermann and Niedringhaus 2009). Moreover, some species may cause both direct and indirect damage during their feeding activity, which is sometimes economically important. The most important form of indirect damage is caused by phytoplasmas and viruses, vectored mostly by Cicadellidae (Weintraub and Beanland 2006).
The earliest available record of Auchenorrhyncha from Iran is Gardenhire (1959) who recorded some species as agricultural pests. Jiri Dlabola, from the Czech Republic, studied considerable numbers of Auchenorrhyncha species from Iran in the 1970s, which led to the discovery of more than 100 new Cicadellidae species in a long series of papers (Dlabola 1974, 1977, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1985). More recently other authors have published on the fauna: Karimzadeh et al. (1998); Haghshenas and Khajeali (2000); Lashkari et al. (2009); Taghizadeh et al. (2010); Mozaffarian and Taghizadeh (2010); Mozaffarian and Emeljanov (2010); Mozaffarian et al. (2010); Mozaffarian and Sanborn (2010, 2012, 2013); Mozaffarian and Gnezdilov (2011); Gnezdilov and Mozaffarian (2011); Moazaffarian and Wilson (2011); Moosavi and Sadeghi Namaghi (2012); Mozaffarian (2012a, b); Taghizadeh (2012); Zohdi et al. (2012); Aghagoli-Marzijarani et al. (2013), Mozaffarian (2013) and Abdollahi et al. (2013, 2014). There have been a wide range of researchers who mainly focused on the Auchenorrhyncha as pests in both agricultural and forest ecosystems in Iran such as: Gharib (1966); Kheyri and Alimoradi (1969); Kheyri (1989, 1992); Rajabi and Mirzayans (1989); Behdad (1992, 1993); Khajehali et al. (2001); Nematollahi and Khajehali (2000); Yarmand et al. (2006); Aghagoli-Marzjarani et al. (2010); Taghizadeh et al. (2010) amongst others.
Northwestern Iran (the study area) covers nearly 100,503 square kilometers and consists of three provinces: Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi, Azarbaijan-e-Gharbi and Ardabil. It is located in Irano-Turanian zoogeographical region (Firouz 2005) and in the northwest plateau of Iran. It is limited between the Caspian Sea and Caspian district in the east, Caucasus mountains in the north, Anatolian Plateau and Mesopotamian region in the west and a part of Zagros, called Humid Zagros, in the south. Hence, it is expected that the fauna of this area will be influenced by the faunal elements of all mentioned regions rather than just the Iranian Plateau. The area is considered to be the crossroads of the two main mountains of Iran (Alborz and Zagros), a part of Alpine Himalayan orogenic belt (Dewey et al. 1986) with deep valleys and has a variety of altitudes from 256 m to 2896 m. It is differentiated from other parts of Iran by the highest latitude (39°40'N) and the coldest recorded temperature (-35 °C) (Hedge and Wendelbo 1978). Zarudny (1911) considered this part of Iran as a zoogeographic zone, with a fauna similar to the Caucasus. This area was also considered as a different area from other parts of Zagros by Emeljanov (1974). Hedge and Wendelbo (1978) recognized part of Iran as an endemic zone named Armeno-Kurdic due to the distribution patterns of endemic phanerogamic plants.
The aim of this research was to collect and identify the leafhoppers in northwestern Iran and to prepare a checklist as a starting point for gathering the sporadic publications and studying the fauna for the whole of Iran. A total number of 69 species belonging to 11 subfamilies are recorded.
Material and methods
The present study was carried out in three northwestern provinces including, Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi, Azarbaijan-e-Gharbi and Ardabil provinces (Figure 1). During 2007 (August, September and January) and 2008 (January) field trips were made and leafhopper specimens were collected using a sweep net. A total of 2340 specimens consists of newly collected specimens along with other specimens located in the Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum (Tehran, Iran, which had been collected since 1968) were studied and identified. The identifications were made using the works of Le Quesne (1965, 1969), Ribaut (1952), Biedermann and Niedringhaus (2009) and Emeljanov (1997). Vouchers of all species are deposited in the Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum. In addition to the identification, literature records were also taken into consideration and a distribution map for the leafhoppers of northwestern Iran was prepared by ARCMAP version 9.3.0.1770.
Figure 1.
Distribution map of leafhoppers in northwestern Iran (For codes see Table 1).
Table 1.
List of the localities, their coordinates and the codes
| Locality names | Coordinates | Locality names | Coordinates |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ajabshir | 37° 35'N, 46°11'E (ASh11) | Moghan | 39°37'N, 47°47'E (A1) |
| Bonab | 37°26'N, 45°57'E (ASh9) | Eskanlu | 39°12'N, 47°04'E (ASh1) |
| Bostanabad-Siah chaman | 37°41'N, 46°59'E (ASh14) | Parsabad | 39°36'N, 47°49'E (A2) |
| Heiran | 37°41'N, 48°24'E (A4) | Sarein | 38°11'N, 48°05'E (A3) |
| Kaleibar, Arabshahi | 38°51'N, 47°08'E (ASh4) | Siah chaman-Basmenj | 37°52'N, 46°46'E (ASh13) |
| Kaleibar, 1863m | 38°52'N, 46°58'E (ASh3) | Sufian | 38°16'N, 45°58'E (ASh7) |
| Kaleibar, 1732m | 38°54'N, 47°09'E (ASh2) | Tabriz | 37°58'N, 46°03'E (ASh8) |
| Kandovan | 37°46'N, 46°17'E (ASh10) | Tabriz-Shabestar | 38°15'N, 45°58'E (ASh7) |
| Khalkhal | 37°35'N, 48°38'E (A5) | Tabriz-Bostanabad | 37°58'N, 46°35'E (ASh12) |
| Mahabad | 36°27'N, 45°42'E (AG5) | Uromieh | 37°25'N, 47°42'E (AG3) |
| Maku | 39°17'N, 44°31'E (AG1) | Uromieh, Mirzabad | 37°32'N, 45°04'E (AG4) |
| Marand | 38°25'N, 45°45'E (ASh6) | Uromieh-Sarv | 37°38'N, 44°50'E (AG2) |
| Miyaneh-Siah chaman | 37°30'N, 47°23'E (ASh15) | Zonuschay | 38°29'N, 45°31'E (ASh5) |
| Miyaneh-Zanjan | 37°17'N, 47°48'E (ASh16) |
List of taxa
The genera and species from northwestern Iran recorded through the present study and other publications are as follows (* indicates species not found in the present study). For those species with specimens examined, a reference to the authority used for the identification is included in parenthesis following the taxon heading. The classification used follows mainly Oman et al. (1990) with changes based on more recent literature e.g., Zahniser and Dietrich (2013) for Deltocephalinae.
Subfamily: Agalliinae
Tribe: Agalliini
Agallia firdausica
Dlabola, 1981*
Localities.
Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
Iran; Saudi Arabia (Dlabola 1980).
Anaceratagallia laevis
(Ribaut, 1935)
Anaceratagallia laevis : Le Quesne 1965: 52, figs 267–268.
Material examined.
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 1♂, 2♀, Ajabshir, Yaichi village, 1922 m, 37°35'27.2"N, 46°11'03.7"E, 15.January.2008, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, ASh11).
Dlabola (1981) reported this species from Sufian (Fig. 1, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Britain I., Bulgaria, Canary Is., Channel Is., Cyprus, French mainland, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Moldova, Portuguese mainland, Romania, South Russia, Sardinia, Sicily, Spanish mainland, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Austroagallia sinuata
(Mulsant & Rey, 1835)
Austroagallia sinuata : Le Quesne 1965: 50, figs 253–255, 257.
Material examined.
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 1♂, 1♀, Kaleibar, Arabshahi, 1391 m, 38°51'42.7"N, 47°08'01.1"E, 3.September.2007, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, ASh4).
Dlabola (1971, 1981) reported this species from Sufian, Maku and Miyaneh-Siah chaman (Fig. 1, Ash7, AG1, ASh15)
Worldwide distribution.
Afro-tropical region, East Palaearctic, Europe (Austria, Balearic Is., Belgium, Britain I., Bulgaria, Canary Is., Crete, Cyprus, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Moldova, Portuguese mainland, Romania, South Russia, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Switzerland, Yugoslavia), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Subfamily: Aphrodinae
Tribe: Aphrodini
Aphrodes bicinctus
(Schrank, 1776)*
Localities.
Sufian, Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Britain I., Bulgaria, Corsica, Crete, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Ireland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Madeira, Republic of Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia Central, Russia North, South Russia, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia) (De Jong 2013).
Subfamily: Cicadellinae
Tribe: Cicadellini
Cicadella viridis
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Cicadella viridis : Le Quesne 1965: 24, fig. 115.
Material examined.
Ardabil: 8 ♂♀, Heiran, 1527 m, 37°41'07.4"N, 48°23'57.4"E, 18.January.2007, leg. Mozaffarian, Light trap (Fig. 1, A4).
Ardabil: 1♂, 7♀, 10 km to Parsabad, 39°36'8.3"N, 47°48'45.5"E, 18.January. 2007, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, A2).
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 25 ♂♀, Eskanlu, Aras river, 290 m, 39° 12'13.4"N, 47° 04'23.2"E, 3.Sebtember.2007, leg. Mozaffarian & Nematian (Fig. 1, ASh1).
Azarbaijan-e-Gharbi: 1♂, Maku, Cheshme Soraya, 900 m, 22.August.1994, leg. Ebrahimi & Sarafrazi (Fig. 1, AG1).
Dlabola (1981) reported this species from Zonuschay (Fig. 1, ASh5).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Britain I., Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Ireland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia Central, Russia North, South Russia, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, Nearctic region, Oriental region (De Jong 2013).
Comment.
Behdad (1993) reported this species as a rice pest.
Subfamily: Deltocephalinae
Tribe: Athysanini
Conosanus obsoletus
(Kirschbaum, 1858)
Conosanus obsoletus : Ribaut 1952: 95, 99, figs 137–138; Le Quesne 1969: 109, figs 593, 596.
Material examined.
Azarbaijan-e-Gharbi: 15♂♀, Mahabad, KoushkDareh, 1499 m, 36°27'08.6"N, 045°42'32.9"E, 28.August.2007, leg. Mozaffarian & Nematian (Fig. 1, AG5).
Dlabola, 1981 reported this species from Sufian and Marand. (Fig. 1, ASh7, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Austria, Azores, Belgium, Britain I., Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Ireland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, Nearctic region, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Eohardya miyaneha
Dlabola, 1971*
Localities.
Miyaneh- Siah chaman (Dlabola 1971) (Fig. 1, ASh15).
Worldwide distribution.
Iran (Dlabola 1971).
Euscelis alsius
Ribaut, 1952
Euscelis alsius : Ribaut 1952: 95, fig. 130.
Material examined.
Ardabil: 2♂♀, Moghan, 65 m, 39°37'30.7"N, 47°46'57.5"E, 19.January.2007, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, A1).
Ardabil: 21♂♀, Parsabad, 80 m, 39°36'8.3"N, 47°48'45.5"E, 18.January.2007, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, A2).
Ardabil: 1♂, 1♀, 12 km to Khalkhal, 1998 m, 37°35'41.8"N, 48°37'54.3"E, 17.Janaury.2007, leg. Mozaffarian, Light trap (Fig. 1, A5).
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 74♂♀, Tabriz, Khosroshahr, 1346 m, 37°58'28"N, 46°02'55"E, 21-30.August.2007, leg. Lotfalizadeh, Malaise trap (Fig. 1, ASh8).
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 1♂, Sahand mountain, Kandovan, 2661 m, 37°45'47.7"N, 46°17'39.8"E, 1.September.2007, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, ASh10).
Dlabola (1981) reported this species from Zonuschay and Sufian (Fig. 1, ASh5, ASh 7).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Bulgaria, French mainland, Greek mainland, Italian mainland, Portuguese mainland, Sicily, Spanish mainland, Yugoslavia), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Handianus bejbienkoi
Dlabola, 1959
Handianus bejbienkoi : Emeljanov 1964: 523, fig. 188: 26–27.
Material examined.
Ardabil: 1♂, 10 km to Parsabad, 39°36'8.3"N, 47°48'45.5"E, 18.January.2007, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, A2).
Dlabola 1981 reported this species from Zonuschay and Maku (Fig. 1, ASh5, AG1).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Ukraine), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Hardya anatolica
Zachvatkin, 1946*
Localities.
Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (Bulgaria, Greek mainland, Italian mainland, Romania, Yugoslavia), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Hardya iranicola
Zachvatkin, 1946*
Localities.
Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
Iran (Nast 1972).
Platymetopius chloroticus
Puton, 1877*
Localities.
Sufian, Zonuschay (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7, ASh5).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (South Russia, Ukraine), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Platymetopius safavii
Dlabola, 1971*
Localities.
Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
Iran (Dlabola 1981).
Platymetopius shirazicus
Dlabola, 1974*
Localities.
Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
Iran (Dlabola 1981).
Tribe: Chiasmini
Aconura jakowlefi
Lethierry, 1876*
Localities.
Sufian, Zonuschay (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7, ASh5).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (South Russia), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Chiasmus conspurcatus
(Perris, 1857)*
Localities.
Miyaneh-Siah chaman (Dlabola 1971) (Fig. 1, ASh15).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Austria (doubtful), Bulgaria, Canary Is., French mainland, Greek mainland, Italian mainland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Switzerland, Yugoslavia), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Doratura marandica
Dlabola, 1981*
Localities.
Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
Iran (Dlabola 1981).
Doratura stylata
(Boheman, 1847)
Doratura stylata : Le Quesne 1969: 67, figs 329–331; Biedermann and Niedringhaus 2009: 298.
Material examined.
Aradebil: 11♂♀, Sarein. Ardestan, 1700 m, 2.July.1997, leg. Barari & Mofidi (Fig. 1, A3).
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 1♂, Bonab, 13.6 m, 37° 26'14.4"N, 045° 57'56.7"E, 27.August, 2007, leg. Mozaffarian & Nematian (Fig. 1, ASh9).
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 9♂♀, Kandovan, 2645 m, 37° 45'45.8"N, 46° 17'40.5"E, 18.January.2008, leg. Mozaffarian. (Fig. 1, ASh10).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Britain I., Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia Central, Russia North, South Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, Nearctic region, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
This species is newly recorded from Iran.
Doraturopsis heros
(Melichar, 1902)*
Localities.
Zonuschay, Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh5, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (South Russia, Ukraine) (De Jong 2013).
Tribe: Cicadulini
Stenometopiellus iranicus
Zachvatkin, 1946*
Localities.
Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
Iran (Dlabola 1981); Uzbekistan (Nast 1972).
Tribe: Goniagnathini
Goniagnathus brevis
(Herrich-Schäffer, 1835)
Goniagnathus brevis : Emeljanov 1964: 501, fig. 180: 7, 8; Biedermann and Niedringhaus 2009: 283.
Material examined.
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 1♂, Kaleibar, 1863 m, 38°52'13.5"N, 46°58'14.5"E, 2.September.2007, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, ASh3).
Abdollahi et al. (2013) reported this species from the above locality.
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, European Turkey, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Moldova, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, South Russia, Sicily, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Goniagnathus guttulinervis
(Kirschbaum, 1868)*
Localities.
Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
Afro-tropical region, East Palaearctic, Europe (Balearic Is., Canary Is., French mainland, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Portuguese mainland, South Russia, Sardinia, Sicily, Spanish mainland, The Netherlands (doubtful), Ukraine), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Goniagnathus minor
Kusnezov, 1928*
Localities.
Miyaneh- Siah chaman (Dlabola 1971) (Fig. 1, ASh15).
Worldwide distribution.
Ukraine (Nast 1972).
Tribe: Hecalini
Hecalus glaucescens
(Fieber, 1866)*
Localities.
Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greek mainland, Italian mainland, South Russia, Sicily, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Tribe: Limotettigini
Limotettix striola
(Fallén, 1806)
Limotettix striola : Emeljanov 1964: 529, fig. 190: 2–5; Biedermann and Niedringhaus 2009: 322.
Material examined.
Ardabil: 1♀, Moghan, Parsabad, 9.May.1969, leg. Abaii. (Fig. 1, A1)
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 1♀, Tabriz, Gharachaman, 1600 m, 16.January.1976, leg. Boroumand & Pazouki (Fig. 1, ASh8).
Dlabola (1981) reported this species from Sufian (Fig. 1, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Austria, Azores, Belgium, Britain I., Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Ireland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia Central, Russia North, South Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, Nearctic region, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Tribe: Macrostelini
Balclutha flavella
Linnavuori, 1962*
Localities.
Zonuschay, Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh5, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
Israel (Nast 1972).
Balclutha punctata
(Fabricius, 1775)
Balclutha punctata : Emeljanov 1964: 507, fig. 182: 3; Biedermann and Niedringhaus 2009: 286.
Material examined.
Ardabil: 32♂♀, Heiran, 1527 m, 37°41'07.4"N, 48°23'57.4"E, 18.January.2007, Light trap, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, A4).
Worldwide distribution.
Australian region, East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Austria, Britain I., Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Ireland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Russia Central, Russia North, South Russia, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, Nearctic region, North Africa, Oriental region (De Jong 2013).
This species is newly recorded from northwestern Iran.
Balclutha rhenana
Wagner, 1939*
Localities.
Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Greek mainland (doubtful), Slovakia, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Yugoslavia) (De Jong 2013).
Macrosteles chobauti
Ribaut, 1952
Macrosteles chobauti : Ribaut 1952: 48, figs 26–28.
Material examined.
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 51♂♀, Kandovan, 2645 m, 37°45'45.8"N, 46°17'40.5"E, 18.January.2008, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, ASh10).
Abdollahi et al. (2014) also reported this species from the above locality.
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (Bulgaria, French mainland, Greek mainland) (De Jong 2013), France, Israel (Nast 1972).
Macrosteles fieberi
(Edwards, 1889)*
Localities.
Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Austria, Britain I., Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland (doubtful), Ireland, Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, South Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, Nearctic region (De Jong 2013).
Macrosteles laevis
(Ribaut, 1927)*
Localities.
Zonuschay, Maku (Dlabola 1981); Miynaeh-Zanjan, Miyaneh-Siah chaman, Tabriz-Shabestar (Dlabola 1971) (Fig. 1, ASh5, AG1, ASh16, ASh15, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Britain I., Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Iceland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia Central, Russia North, South Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, Nearctic region (De Jong 2013).
Comment.
Kheyri (1989) reported this species as a sugar beet pest in most sugar beet growing areas in Iran.
Macrosteles sexnotatus
(Fallén, 1806)
Macrosteles sexnotatus : Emeljanov 1964: 507, fig. 182: 26, 27; Biedermann and Niedringhaus 2009: 288.
Material examined.
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 30♂♀, Sahand mountain, Kandovan, 2661 m, 37°45'47.7"N, 46°17'39.8"E, 1.September.2007, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, ASh10).
Abdollahi et al. (2013) reported this species from the above locality.
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Austria, Azores, Belgium, Britain I., Bulgaria, Canary Is., Cyprus, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Madeira, Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia Central, South Russia, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Macrosteles sordidipennis
(Stål, 1858)
Macrosteles sordidipennis : Emeljanov 1964: 507, fig. 182: 36, 37; Biedermann and Niedringhaus 2009: 290.
Material examined.
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 1♂, Sahand Mountain, Kandovan, 2661 m, 37°45'47.7"N, 46°17'39.8"E, 1.September.2007, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, ASh10).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Austria, Britain I., Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Russia North, Sweden, The Netherlands) (De Jong 2013).
This species is newly recorded from Iran.
Tribe: Opsiini
Concavifer marmoratus
Dlabola, 1960*
Localities.
Zonuschay (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh5).
Worldwide distribution.
Iran, Israel, Kazakhstan, Tadzhikistan (Nast 1972).
Neoaliturus fenestratus
(Herrich-Schäffer, 1834)*
Localities.
Tabriz (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh8).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Austria, Balearic Is., Belgium, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Cyprus, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, European Turkey, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland (doubtful), Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia Central, Russia North, South Russia, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Neoaliturus haematoceps
(Mulsant Rey, 1855)*
Localities.
Marand, Zonuschay, Sufian, Maku (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh6, ASh5, ASh7, AG1).
Worldwide distribution.
Afghanistan, Algeria, Austria, Canary Is., Cyprus, Czechoslovakia (Bohemia, Moravia, Slovakia), Egypt, France, German FR., Greece, Hungary, Iran, Italy (also Sardinia and Sicily), Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Madeira Archipelago, Mongolia, Morocco, Poland, Romania, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey (Anatolia), Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Moldavia, s.Russia, Turkmenia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia (Nast 1972).
Comment.
Kheyri (1989) reported this species as an economic pest on sugar beet from Isfahan, Kerman, Fars, Khorasan, Azarbaijan and Karaj.
Neoaliturus opacipennis
(Lethierry, 1876)*
Localities.
Miyaneh-Zanjan, Bostanabad-Siah chaman, Siah chaman-Basmenj (Dlabola 1971) (Fig. 1, ASh16, ASh14, ASh13).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (Cyprus, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Italian mainland, South Russia, Sardinia, Sicily, Spanish mainland, Switzerland, Ukraine), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Comment.
Kheyri and Alimoradi (1969) reported this species as a vector of curly top virus in Khorasan, Fars, Isfehan, Kerman, Ahvaz and Karaj.
Neoaliturus pulcher
(Haupt, 1927)*
Localities.
Zonuschay (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh5).
Worldwide distribution.
Iran, Israel, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Tadzhikistan (Nast 1972).
Opsius cypriacus
Lindberg, 1958*
Localities.
Zonuschay (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh5).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (Cyprus, Greek mainland, Ukraine), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Opsius discessus
(Horváth, 1911)*
Localities.
Zonuschay, Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh5, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (South Russia), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Opsius pallasi
(Lethierry, 1874)*
Localities.
Zonuschay, Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh5, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (South Russia) (De Jong 2013).
Opsius scutellaris
(Lethierry, 1874)*
Localities.
Zonuschay (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh5).
Worldwide distribution.
Afro-tropical region, East Palaearctic, Europe (Canary Is.), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Pseudophlepsius binotatus
(Signoret, 1880)*
Localities.
Zonuschay, Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh5, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (South Russia) (De Jong 2013).
Tribe: Paralimnini
Mogangella straminea
Dlabola, 1957
Mogangella straminea : Emeljanov 1964: 541, fig. 194: 13, 14.
Material examined.
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 1♂ 1♀, Marand, 12.July.2007, Light trap, leg. Lotfalizadeh (Fig. 1, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Moldova, Ukraine), Near East (De Jong 2013).
This species is newly recorded from Iran.
Paramesus major
Haupt, 1927*
Localities.
Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany (doubtful), Greek mainland, Hungary, Poland, South Russia, Yugoslavia), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Paramesus paludosus
Ribaut, 1952*
Localities.
Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
France, Italy, Kazakhstan, Moldavia, Ukraine (Nast 1972).
Psammotettix alienus
(Dahlbom, 1850)
Psammotettix alienus : Ribaut 1952: 243, figs 579–580; Emeljanov 1964: 541, fig. 194: 8, 9; Biedermann and Niedringhaus 2009: 337.
Material examined.
Ardabil: 4♂♀, Moghan, 18.May.1978, leg. Abaii (Fig. 1, A1).
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 3♂♀, Marand, 1610 m, 28.July.1976, leg. Broumand & Pazouki (Fig. 1, ASh6).
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 1♀, Tabriz, Gharachaman, 1600 m, 16.July.1976, leg. Broumand & Pazouki (Fig. 1, ASh8).
Dlabola (1981) reported this species from Marand, Sufian and Zonuschay, Maku and in 1971 from Tabriz-Bostanabad, Miyaneh-Zanjan, Miyaneh-Siah chaman, Siah chaman-Basmenj (Fig. 1, ASh6, ASh7, ASh5, AG1, ASh12, ASh16, ASh15, ASh13).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canary Is., Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Madeira, Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia Central, Russia North, South Russia, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, Nearctic region, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Comment.
Nematollahi and Khajehali (2000) reported this species as a vector for wheat dwarf virus on Zea (maize) in Isfahan.
Psammotettix pictipennis
(Kirschbaum, 1868)*
Localities.
Miyaneh-Zanjan (Dlabola 1971); Marand, Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh16, ASh6, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Austria, Bulgaria, Greek mainland, Hungary, Moldova, Romania, South Russia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Psammotettix seriphidii
Emeljanov, 1962
Psammotettix seriphidii : Emeljanov 1964: 539, fig. 193: 1, 2.
Material examined.
Ardabil: 87♂♀, 12 km to Khalkhal, 1998 m, 37°35'41.8"N, 48°37'54.3"E, 17.Janaury.2007, leg. Mozaffarian, light trap (Fig. 1, A5).
Ardabil: 1♂, 10 km to Parsabad, 80 m, 39°36'8.3"N, 47°48'45.5"E, 18.January.2007, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, A2).
Ardabil: 3♂♀, Moghan, 65 m, 39°37'30.7"N, 47°46'57.5"E, 19.January.2007, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, A1).
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 6♂♀, AjabShir, Yaichi village, 1922 m, 37°35'27.2"N, 46°11'03.7"E, 15.January.2008, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, ASh11).
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 2♂♀, Kaleibar, 1732 m, 38°54'25.2"N, 47°09'11.5"E, 3.September.2007, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, ASh2).
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 1♂, Kandovan, 2645 m, 37°45'45.8"N, 46°17'40.5"E, 18.January.2008, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, ASh10).
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 20♂♀, Kandovan, 1978 m, 37°44'15.8"N, 46°19'55.1"E, 18.January.2008, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, ASh10).
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 4♂♀, Eskanlu, Aras river, 290 m, 39°12'13.4"N, 47°04'23.2"E, 3.September.2007, leg. Mozaffarian & Nematian (Fig. 1, ASh1).
Azarbaijan-e-Gharbi: 11♂♀, Uromieh, MirzaAbad, 1450 m, 21.July.1976, leg. Boroumand & Pazouki (Fig. 1, AG4).
Worldwide distribution.
Kazakhstan (Nast 1972).
This species is newly recorded from Iran.
Sorhoanus medius
(Mulsant Rey, 1855)*
Localities.
Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7)
Worldwide distribution.
Bulgaria, France, Italy, Switzerland, Altai Mts., Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Russia, Siberia, Ukraine, Yugoslavia (Nast 1972).
Tribe: Phlepsiini
Phlepsius intricatus
(Herrich-Schäffer, 1838)
Phlepsius intricatus : Emeljanov 1964: 516, fig. 185: 5, 6; Biedermann and Niedringhaus 2009: 305.
Material examined.
Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi: 2♂, Tabriz, Khosroshahr, 1346 m, 37°58'28"N, 46°02'55"E, 21-30.August.2007, leg. Lotfalizadeh, Malaise trap (Fig. 1, ASh8).
Dlabola (1981) reported this species from Zonuschay and in 1974 from Uromieh (Fig. 1, ASh5, AG3).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (Albania, Austria, Balearic Is., Bulgaria, Czech Republic, European Turkey, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Moldova, Portuguese mainland, Romania, South Russia, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Tribe: Scaphoideini
Anoplotettix magnificus
Emeljanov, 1962*
Localities.
Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
Azarbaijan, Georgia (Nast 1972).
Subfamily: Dorycephalinae
Tribe: Eupelicini
Eupelix cuspidata
(Fabricius, 1775)
Eupelix cuspidata : Ribaut 1952: 325, figs 868–871.
Material examined.
Azaibaijan-e-Sharghi: 4♂♀, Ajabshir, Yaichi village, 1922 m, 37°35'27.2"N, 46°11'03.7"E, 15.January.2008, leg. Mozaffarian (Fig. 1, ASh11).
Dlabola (1981) reported this species from Zonuschay, Marand and Sufian (Fig. 1, ASh5, ASh6, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Austria, Balearic Is., Belgium, Britain I., Bulgaria, Canary Is., Corsica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Ireland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia Central, Russia North, South Russia, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Paradorydium aristidae
(Zachvatkin, 1953)*
Localities.
Zonuschay, Maku (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh5, AG1).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (South Russia, Ukraine), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Subfamily: Iassinae
Tribe: Iassini
Batracomorphus irroratus
Lewis, 1834*
Localities.
Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Albania, Austria, Belgium, Britain I., Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, South Russia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Subfamily: Idiocerinae
Tribe: Idiocerini
Rhytidodus resaicus
Dlabola, 1974*
Localities.
Uromieh (Dlabola 1974) (Fig. 1, AG3)
Subfamily: Macropsinae
Tribe: Macropsini
Hephathus unicolor
(Lindberg, 1926)*
Localities.
Zonuschay (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh5).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Romania (doubtful), South Russia (doubtful), Ukraine (doubtful), Yugoslavia (doubtful)), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Hephathus freyi
(Fieber, 1868)*
Localities.
Siah chaman-Miyaneh (Dlabola 1971) (Fig. 1, ASh15).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (Balearic Is., Bulgaria, French mainland, Greek mainland (doubtful), Italian mainland, Portuguese mainland, Sicily, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Yugoslavia), Near East, North Africa (De Jong 2013).
Subfamily: Typhlocybinae
Tribe: Empoascini
Empoasca punjabensis
Singh-Pruthi, 1940*
Localities.
Zonuschay, Maku (Dlabola 1981); Siah chaman-Miyaneh, Miyaneh-Zanjan, Tabriz-Shabestar, Uromieh-Sarv (Dlabola 1971) (Fig. 1, ASh5, AG1, ASh15, ASh16, ASh7, AG2).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (Bulgaria, French mainland, Greek mainland, South Russia, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, Oriental region (De Jong 2013).
Comment.
Kheyri (1989) reported this species as an economic pest on sugar beet from Isfahan, Kerman, Fars and Karaj.
Kyboasca bipunctata
(Oshanim, 1871)*
Localities.
Miyaneh- Siah chaman, Tabriz-Shabestar, Miyaneh-Zanjan (Dlabola 1971); Sufian (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh15, ASh7, ASh16, ASh7).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Italian mainland, Moldova, Poland, Romania, South Russia, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, Nearctic region (De Jong 2013).
Tribe: Erythroneurini
Tamaricella ribauti
(Zachvatkin, 1947)*
Localities.
Zonuschay (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh5).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (Crete, South Russia, Ukraine) (De Jong 2013).
Tamaricella tamaricis
(Puton, 1872)*
Localities.
Miyaneh-Zanjan, Miyaneh-Siah chaman (Dlabola 1971) (Fig. 1, ASh16, ASh15).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (Bulgaria, Crete, Cyclades Is., Cyprus, French mainland, Greek mainland, Italian mainland, Romania, South Russia, Sardinia, Sicily, Spanish mainland, Ukraine) (De Jong 2013).
Zyginidia pullula
(Boheman, 1845)*
Localities.
Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Corsica (doubtful), Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Italian mainland, Romania, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Zyginidia sohrab
Zachvatkin, 1947*
Localities.
Miyaneh-Zanjan, Siah chaman-Miyaneh, Uromieh-Sarv (Dlabola 1971) (Fig. 1, ASh16, ASh15, AG2).
Worldwide distribution.
Europe (Cyprus, Greek mainland, South Russia, Ukraine), Near East (De Jong 2013).
Tribe: Typhlocybini
Edwardsiana rosae
(Linné, 1758)*
Localities.
Siah chaman-Miyaneh (Dlabola 1971) (Fig. 1, ASh15).
Worldwide distribution.
East Palaearctic, Europe (Austria, Belgium, Britain I., Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Ireland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Moldova, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Romania, Russia Central, Russia North, South Russia, Sicily, Slovakia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia), Near East, Nearctic region, Oriental region (De Jong 2013).
Subfamily: Ulopinae
Tribe: Ulopini
Ulopa trivia
Germar, 1821*
Localities.
Marand (Dlabola 1981) (Fig. 1, ASh6).
Worldwide distribution.
Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia (Bohemia, Moravia, Slovakia), Denmark, France, German DR, German FR, Great Britain (England), Greece, Hungary, Italy, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Turkey (Anatolia), Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Moldavia, Russia, Ukraine, Yugoslavia (Nast 1972).
Supplementary Material
Acknowledgements
The research was performed in the Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection using the facilities and specimens in the Insect Taxonomy Research Department and Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum. We would like to acknowledge the assistance given by Prof. Hani Abdul-Nour, who passed away in October 2014 and Dr Paul H. Freytag (University of Kentucky, USA) for correcting and confirming some of the identifications.
Citation
Abdollahi T, Jalalizand AR, Mozaffarian F, Wilson M (2015) A faunistic study on the leafhoppers of northwestern Iran (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae). ZooKeys 496: 27–51. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.496.9059
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