Table 4.
Associations of menthol cigarette use and pulmonary variables, comorbidities or CT metrics
| Parameters | OR or β | 95% CI or SE | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pulmonary variables | |||
| FEV1 (% of predicted value) | 0.46 | 0.68 | 0.501 |
| FVC (% of predicted value) | 0.42 | 0.55 | 0.439 |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.453 |
| COPD defined by spirometry | 1.03 | 0.90–1.18 | 0.714 |
| 6MWT (ft) | −20.02 | 11.10 | 0.072 |
| mMRC score | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.664 |
| Chronic cough | 1.10 | 0.97–1.26 | 0.140 |
| Chronic sputum | 1.13 | 0.99–1.29 | 0.072 |
| Comorbidity | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 0.93 | 0.74–1.17 | 0.529 |
| Congestive heart failure | 0.71 | 0.48–1.05 | 0.089 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 1.05 | 0.68–1.61 | 0.835 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1.18 | 0.85–1.64 | 0.322 |
| Hypertension | 1.02 | 0.89–1.16 | 0.807 |
| Diabetes | 1.00 | 0.82–1.22 | 0.995 |
| Gastro-oesophageal reflux | 1.01 | 0.87–1.18 | 0.891 |
| Osteoporosis | 0.98 | 0.76–1.26 | 0.849 |
| CT variable | |||
| Emphysema percentage | −0.06 | 0.20 | 0.778 |
| Gas trapping percentage | −0.06 | 0.51 | 0.912 |
| Segmental wall area (%) | −0.05 | 0.11 | 0.662 |
| Pi10 | −0.01 | 0.004 | 0.019 |
6MWT, 6-min walk test; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CT, computed tomography; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council; OR, odds ratio; Pi10, square root of the luminal perimeter of a standardized airway of 10-mm diameter; SE, standard error.