Skip to main content

. 1988 Jan;81(1):1–5. doi: 10.1172/JCI113279

Choosing cases and controls: the clinical epidemiology of "clinical investigation".

A R Feinstein ¹, R I Horwitz ¹

PMCID: PMC442465 PMID: 3275691

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

Feinstein A. R. Clinical biostatistics. XIX. Ambiguity and abuse in the twelve different concepts of control. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1973 Jan-Feb;14(1):112–122. doi: 10.1002/cpt1973141112. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Horwitz R. I. The experimental paradigm and observational studies of cause-effect relationships in clinical medicine. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(1):91–99. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(87)90100-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Ibrahim M. A., Spitzer W. O. The case control study: the problem and the prospect. J Chronic Dis. 1979;32(1-2):139–144. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(79)90026-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Miettinen O. S. The "case-control" study: valid selection of subjects. J Chronic Dis. 1985;38(7):543–548. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(85)90039-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Orlowski J. P. Cerebrospinal fluid endorphins and the infant apnea syndrome. Pediatrics. 1986 Aug;78(2):233–237. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Ransohoff D. F., Feinstein A. R. Problems of spectrum and bias in evaluating the efficacy of diagnostic tests. N Engl J Med. 1978 Oct 26;299(17):926–930. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197810262991705. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

ACTIONS

RESOURCES